26 Questions
What are major errors in ABO grouping related to?
Donors and recipients
What do most recipient antibodies target?
Antigens present on the red blood cells of the donor
What does cross-matching detect?
Incompatibilities between the donor and recipient
What is the principle behind cross-matching?
Detecting incompatibilities
How many types of cross-matches are there?
Two types
What is the recommended percentage for preparing cell suspensions of red cells?
3 – 5%
What is the purpose of Major Crossmatch?
To check for compatibility between donor and recipient blood.
What should be done after preparing the cell suspensions of red cells?
Label a test tube.
How many simple, short answer essay questions are required to be prepared with the given content?
5
What is the content used to formulate the questions in this task?
Prepare 3 – 5% cell suspensions of red cells. Major Crossmatch. Label a test tube.
What is the purpose of the major crossmatch test?
To determine if the patient has antibodies that may cause transfusion reactions or decreased survival of transfused cells.
What does the minor crossmatch involve?
Testing the patient's cells with donor plasma to check for antibodies in the donor's plasma that may react with the patient's cells.
Explain the major crossmatch procedure briefly.
Testing the patient's serum with donor red blood cells to detect antibodies in the patient's serum that may react with the donor's cells.
What is the significance of the major crossmatch?
It helps prevent transfusion reactions and ensures compatibility between the patient and donor cells.
How does the minor crossmatch test contribute to safe transfusions?
By detecting antibodies in the donor plasma that may react with the patient's cells, preventing adverse reactions.
How does the blood fill the tube in the experiment described?
By capillary action
What is done after 2 minutes in the experiment?
A small bit of the tube is broken every 30 seconds
What appears between the broken ends of the tube?
A fine thread of fibrin
What is the purpose of breaking the tube in the experiment?
To observe fibrin formation
What is the role of capillary action in this experiment?
To draw the blood into the tube
What is the purpose of the Indirect Anti Globulin Test (IAT)?
To detect the presence of incomplete antibodies and complement binding antibodies in the serum after coating red cells in vitro.
What is the process of performing the Indirect Anti Globulin Test (IAT)?
- Add a drop of the cell suspension with a defined concentration of EDTA.AHG. 2. Add a drop of the reagent. 3. Mix and centrifuge at 1000 rpm for one minute. 4. Gently shake the tube and read the results using an optical aid.
What does the Indirect Anti Globulin Test (IAT) help in detecting?
Incomplete antibodies and complement binding antibodies in the serum.
Why is it important for the sample to be fresh or taken properly?
To ensure accurate testing and reliable results.
What is the significance of using a clean and pre-defined test tube for the Indirect Anti Globulin Test?
To prevent contamination and ensure consistency in testing conditions.
Why is it necessary to perform the Indirect Anti Globulin Test in a timely manner?
To avoid any changes in the sample that could affect the test results.
Explore common mistakes in ABO grouping, labeling, and donor/recipient identification. Learn about the principle of cross-matching to detect incompatibilities not visible during blood typing.
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