Major Errors in ABO Grouping and Cross-Matching

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

What are major errors in ABO grouping related to?

Donors and recipients

What do most recipient antibodies target?

Antigens present on the red blood cells of the donor

What does cross-matching detect?

Incompatibilities between the donor and recipient

What is the principle behind cross-matching?

Detecting incompatibilities Signup and view all the answers

How many types of cross-matches are there?

Two types Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended percentage for preparing cell suspensions of red cells?

3 – 5% Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Major Crossmatch?

To check for compatibility between donor and recipient blood. Signup and view all the answers

What should be done after preparing the cell suspensions of red cells?

Label a test tube. Signup and view all the answers

How many simple, short answer essay questions are required to be prepared with the given content?

5 Signup and view all the answers

What is the content used to formulate the questions in this task?

Prepare 3 – 5% cell suspensions of red cells. Major Crossmatch. Label a test tube. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the major crossmatch test?

To determine if the patient has antibodies that may cause transfusion reactions or decreased survival of transfused cells. Signup and view all the answers

What does the minor crossmatch involve?

Testing the patient's cells with donor plasma to check for antibodies in the donor's plasma that may react with the patient's cells. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the major crossmatch procedure briefly.

Testing the patient's serum with donor red blood cells to detect antibodies in the patient's serum that may react with the donor's cells. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the major crossmatch?

It helps prevent transfusion reactions and ensures compatibility between the patient and donor cells. Signup and view all the answers

How does the minor crossmatch test contribute to safe transfusions?

By detecting antibodies in the donor plasma that may react with the patient's cells, preventing adverse reactions. Signup and view all the answers

How does the blood fill the tube in the experiment described?

By capillary action Signup and view all the answers

What is done after 2 minutes in the experiment?

A small bit of the tube is broken every 30 seconds Signup and view all the answers

What appears between the broken ends of the tube?

A fine thread of fibrin Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of breaking the tube in the experiment?

To observe fibrin formation Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of capillary action in this experiment?

To draw the blood into the tube Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Indirect Anti Globulin Test (IAT)?

To detect the presence of incomplete antibodies and complement binding antibodies in the serum after coating red cells in vitro. Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of performing the Indirect Anti Globulin Test (IAT)?

<ol> <li>Add a drop of the cell suspension with a defined concentration of EDTA.AHG. 2. Add a drop of the reagent. 3. Mix and centrifuge at 1000 rpm for one minute. 4. Gently shake the tube and read the results using an optical aid.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Indirect Anti Globulin Test (IAT) help in detecting?

Incomplete antibodies and complement binding antibodies in the serum. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for the sample to be fresh or taken properly?

To ensure accurate testing and reliable results. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of using a clean and pre-defined test tube for the Indirect Anti Globulin Test?

To prevent contamination and ensure consistency in testing conditions. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it necessary to perform the Indirect Anti Globulin Test in a timely manner?

To avoid any changes in the sample that could affect the test results. Signup and view all the answers