Maintaining Good Health and Leadership

• Summaries of the "Islam and Vicegerency (Khalifah)" are below

Meaning of Vicegerency

• Etymologically, originates from the Arabic verb "khalafa," meaning to succeed or replace someone due to absence or death
• Technically, Muslim scholars have varying definitions because the word appears in different forms in the Quran, both plural (khulafa/khalaif) and singular
• "Khalifah" is defined differently based on the context

Types of Vicegerency

• Vicegerency of Prophet Adam
• Allah announced the creation of a khalifah to the angels.
• Adam's creation was the first human.
• His appointment was to the office of khilafah.
• He was the first messenger of Allah on earth who implemented God's commands
• Vicegerency of Man on Earth
• Al-Tabari signifies the purpose of man's creation as Allah's vicegerent
• Mankind should implement His rulings
• The Khalifah refers to Adam and those who follow and obey Allah, so they implement justice
• Khalaif
• Plural form of khalifah, signifying a certain group of people.
• Allah addresses khalaif to nations that were substituted for the perished nations.
• This signifies nations that succeeded past nations due to their rejection of faith.
• Khalifah has mentions: khalaif (4x), khulafa (3x).

Distinctive Features of Human Vicegerency

• Humans are divinely appointed as God's exclusive representatives
• Allah honors man as vicegerent on earth
• Allah created mankind from a single person, and He created the same nature of his mate, hawa, which resulted in numerous men & women
• Al-Attas considers Adam a special creation (vicegerent & father of mankind)
• The created role is derived to include other creatures whose relevance was questioned or their incapability of withstanding the burden
• Role entails specific functions & responsibilities
• There is a commitment to the covenant made with Allah
• Allah created man as slave & vicegerent
• Allah providing sustenance & blessings to man highlights his role
• Men need to recognize their Lord and appreciate His Greatness

Classifications of Khalifah

• Khalifah of Khilafah Al-Ammah
• This arises from the context of human existence.
• Includes Khalifah Al-Kawniyyah, Natural Khalifah, Khalifah Wujudiyah.
• Khalifah Wujudiyah's definition and concept is that of the purpose of human existence
• Applies to every individual
• All of humanity has a responsibility of vicegerency and are honored by Allah
• The honor isn't limited, extending to all humans, regardless of faith.
• Khalaif manifests the basis for this type of khalifah
• E.g., Allah signifies human in general as khalifah, including believers/rejecters
• Khalifah Al-Ammah embraces all mankind regardless of their beliefs.
• Divine establishes that non-believers are perished and replaced.
• Khalaif means the nation that succeeds the past nation that perished
• The role is confined to Muslims because only believers are keen to implement Allah's commands.
• Khilafah Al-Ammah means that every Muslim has a duty to contribute to improving the quality of life, to attain Allah's pleasure

Khalifah of Khilafah Al-Khassah

• This is a Muslim leader who succeeds the Prophet and leads the Islamic Ummah
• It involves establishing & spreading Islam & administrating worldly affairs that follow Islam
• Wordly affairs must be organized in line with Islamic teachings.
• The Khalifah is obliged to follow Allah's instruction.
• Responsibility to establish religion & implement justice
• Example: Prophet Dawud was a leader and Allah guided him to judge justly
• Leadership is important and must possess physical & moral qualifications.
• The Quran highlights 2 key qualities: Al-Amanah & Al-Quwwah.
• Al-Amanah: Internal qualities necessary for the job
• Al-Quwwah: Intellectual, mental, and spiritual strength
• Khilafah Khassah: The duty of carrying forward the work of the Prophet
• Establish Islam as a religion & Islamic teachings

Qualifications of Khalifah of Khilafah Al-Khassah

• Al-Mawardi's Several Criteria for Appointment:
• Justice.
• Knowledge to equip them for ijtihad-relevant judgments.
• Good faculties (e.g., sight, speech).
• Perfect physical constitutions & freedom from deficiencies that prevent normal movement.
• Sound judgment & capable of organizing people & administration.
• Courage & bravery, enabling defense of Islam & jihad against the enemy.
• To be from the Quraysh family
• Ibn Khaldun's Criteria for Candidate Office:
• Knowledge: to make independent decisions.
• Probity ('Adalah).
• Competence: willing to carry out the punishment ordained by Shariah.
• Free from physical and mental defects.
• Must be a member of the Quraysh family

Responsibilities of Khalifah

• Khalifah of Khilafah Al-Ammah
• Implementation of Allah's will:
• Fulfills human's purpose in life & implements the responsibilities.
• Humans act as representatives of Allah on earth.
• Vicegerency encompasses 4 fundamental functions:
• Ultimate authority resides with Allah.
• Humans act as implementers of His laws.
• Administration of laws adheres to His prescribed limits.
• Human execute His will & fulfill their purpose in life.
• Humans aren't granted absolute freedom to do based on their desires; the Will of Allah must always prevail, preceding human will.
• Performance of Amal Salih:
• Ensure prescribed duty is fulfilled with the standard of amal salih.
• By fulfilling its preconditions.
• Administration & Development of the World:
• Develop the world & builds civilization filled with humanity.
• Mankind must develop the earth for their benefits.
• Allah created everything in heaven & earth to be subservient to Him.
• Empower contributions to the betterment of the world with faculties.
• Tasked with establishing peace and harmony. Man should employ freedom to enhance the world, guided by Allah.
• Promotion of Goodness & Prevention of Vices:
• To know Quranic mechanisms.
• Ensure that Allah's commands are executed and prohibitions avoided.
• Quran emphasizes the need to enjoin good & forbid evil.
• He is duty-bound to enjoin good & forbid evil with one's ability & capacity.
• Failure to do this results in the destabilization of world development.
• Prophet Muhammad SAW characterized His khalifah on earth as commanding good and forbidding evil.
• Khalifah of Khilafah Al-Khassah: Defends religion & administer the earth in line with Shariah.
• Duties to accomplish this:
• Defend & maintain religion.
• Decide on legal disputes.
• Protect territory.
• Punish wrongdoers.
• Organize & collect taxes.
• Pay salaries & administer public funds.
• Appoint competent officials.
• Attend to government details.

Leadership in Islam

• Leadership / Al-Qiyadah:
• Associated with Al-Siyasah, Siyadah, Imamah, Ri'asah, and Khilafah.
• It is trust (Amanah).
• It's a contract between a leader(guide and protect them) & followers.
• Focus must be on doing good.
• Leadership means belief & willingness of submission to Allah.
• Leader must be doing good deeds

Definition of Leadership

• The process by which the leader seeks the voluntary participation of followers to reach organizational objectives
• Can be grouped into these categories:
• Defined by Position: Office/position of a leader; position of head of a political party.
• Defined by Process: Ability to lead & guide people; the process of influencing an organized group toward accomplishing goals.
• Defined by Relation: Guidance/direction; influence on a relationship.

Leadership of the Prophets & Messengers in Islam

• Prophet Adam: Dared to admit mistakes.
• Prophet Nuh: Hard worker, patient, sincere, grateful, obedient to Allah.
• Prophet Yusuf: Patient & an economic strategist.
• Prophet Isa: Sharp intuition.
• Prophet Muhammad SAW: Gentle, polite; forgives/soft hearted; deliberate, decisive; and ceaselessly asks for forgiveness, totally relying on Allah

Principles of Prophetic Leadership

• Obedience to Allah: Obey the guidance.
• Fostering brotherhood among Muslims: Strengthen the unity.
• Commitment to nation & state: Dedicated to welfare.
• Upholding human rights: Value and protect the rights.
• Maintaining work motivation: Inspire and motivate followers.

Foundation of Prophet Muhammad's Leadership

• Fatanah (Wisdom): Includes understanding and conveying revelations as intellectual, emotional & spiritual intelligence.
• Competency is and should be essential criteria for choosing leaders.
• Leaders must be knowledgeable in Al-Ilm Fard Al-Ayn and Al-Kifayah for the capacity to provide shariah based solutions.
• Amanah (Trueness):
• Essential to faith
• Quran places a great emphasis with promise of success in both worlds
• Entrusting someone with a responsibility
• Prophet Muhammad received Allah’s revelation and was faithful in conveying the messages. So he was called as the trustworthy person – Al Amin in that era. The truth in actions and words are some of his traits.
• Sidq (Truthfulness):
• Leaders must describe honestly and truthfully with no alteration.
• Their true behavior is evident in their honesty.
• Abbasi referred to three aspects of the Prophet’s leadership: Truth in all of the Prophet’s speech, heart and action; to ensure responsibility and reliability to the wider society.
• Tabligh (Communication): Includes communicating through delivering messages through the truthful right words:
• The prophet Muhammad delivered the Islamic truth but doing so out of humanity and wisdom. He did not spread through being forceful.
• Quranic teachings emphasizes this notion, and that is why when he was told to curse those in the Quran, he rejected as he was sent as a mercy.
• He is also known as rahmatan lil ‘alamin – figure.
• In fact he has displayed that he is a mercy to the universe.

Exploring the importance of maintaining good health in faculties and its societal implications. Examining the qualities of a 'Khalaif'-type leader, focusing on collaboration and ethical considerations across different age groups. Analyzing skills indicative of leadership.