Main Ideas: Purpose of Punishment and Retribution vs. Deterrence
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Questions and Answers

What is the notable discrepancy discussed in the document?

Individuals claim to support deterrence but often punish out of moral outrage.

What are the four levels of analysis introduced for understanding punishment?

Mechanistic, Ontogenetic, Phylogenetic, Adaptive.

How is the concept of Incest Aversion analyzed using the levels of analysis?

Mechanistic factors (disgust), ontogenetic experiences (childhood co-residence), and adaptive considerations (avoidance of genetic disorders) are considered.

What is the focus of Mechanistic Analysis in understanding behavior?

<p>Immediate physiological processes behind a behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does Adaptive Analysis contribute to understanding behavior?

<p>It investigates how a behavior influences survival and reproductive fitness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do Punishment Motivations link mechanistic factors to?

<p>Adaptive outcomes such as norm compliance and group cooperation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between retributive justice and deterrent measures in punishment?

<p>Retributive justice seeks to repay wrongdoing ('an eye for an eye'), while deterrent measures aim to prevent future harm by changing behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the document suggest that the visibility of punishment may impact individuals' punitive decisions?

<p>The document suggests that the visibility of punishment to others may not significantly influence individuals' punitive decisions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to findings, what do people often prioritize when deciding on punishment?

<p>People often prioritize the perpetrator's deservingness of punishment over the potential for deterrence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Baron & Ritov's study in 2009 reveal about people's punitive decisions?

<p>Baron &amp; Ritov's study revealed that people's punitive decisions were mostly insensitive to the deterrent effects of punishment, even when deterrence was highlighted.</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Carlsmith, Darley, & Robinson's research in 2002, what heavily influences sentencing judgments?

<p>Factors related to retribution, like deservingness, heavily influence sentencing judgments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do studies by Choi & Ahn (2013) and Fehr & Gächter (2002) highlight about punishment in game scenarios?

<p>The studies show that people punish in game scenarios, even when interactions are anonymous and one-time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main factors that the analysis raises questions about regarding punitive instincts?

<p>Evolutionary pressures and individual psychological needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

In addition to evolutionary pressures, what other aspects does the analysis suggest exploring in relation to views on punishment?

<p>Cultural and societal norms</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the text propose as future research directions in understanding the moral psychology of punishment?

<p>Integrated approach combining psychological, sociological, and evolutionary perspectives</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the key elements involved in the multifaceted subject of the moral psychology of punishment?

<p>Individual psychological processes, societal norms, and evolutionary pressures</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the text recommend for gaining a better understanding of the complex motivations behind punitive actions?

<p>Combining psychological, sociological, and evolutionary perspectives</p> Signup and view all the answers

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