Questions and Answers
What is the name given to rod-shaped bacteria?
Which structure of a bacterial cell is described as lying external to the cytoplasmic membrane?
What characteristic is common to all fungi?
What defines dimorphic fungi?
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The cytoplasm of bacterial cells does not contain which of the following organelles?
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What type of nutrition do parasites primarily rely on?
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Which statement accurately describes bacterial flagella?
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What defines fungi as saprophytic organisms?
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Study Notes
Main Groups of Micro-Organisms
- Study of bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi each represent different fields of microbiology.
Bacteria
- Characterized by distinct shapes:
- Cocci: Spherical
- Bacilli: Rod-shaped
- Vibrio: Comma-shaped
- Spirochetes: Spiral-shaped
- Bacterial cytoplasm is viscous and gel-like, containing organic and inorganic solutes, and numerous ribosomes.
- Lacks mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum.
- The cell wall is external to the cytoplasmic membrane, measuring 10-25 nm in thickness, providing strength, rigidity, and some elasticity.
- Bacterial flagella are long, spirally twisted filaments that aid in locomotion.
Viruses
- Comprised of DNA and RNA viruses, each with distinct examples; however, specifics of examples were not provided.
Parasitology
- A parasite derives nutritional requirements from intimate contact with another organism.
- Parasites can be simple unicellular protozoa or complex metazoa.
Mycology
- All fungi are classified as eukaryotic organisms with:
- Cell walls made of chitin
- Filamentous structures
- Spores for reproduction
- Fungi can thrive as:
- Saprophytes: Decomposing dead organic material.
- Parasitic: Residing on living organisms.
- Unicellular (yeasts) or multicellular (mycelia formed by hyphae).
- Dimorphic fungi can switch between yeast form (at body temperature) and mycelial form (at lower temperatures, such as 20°C).
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Description
Explore the diverse world of micro-organisms including bacteria, viruses, parasites, and fungi. This quiz covers their characteristics, structures, and functions, providing a foundation for understanding microbiology. Test your knowledge on these fundamental topics and learn about the intricacies of each group.
