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Questions and Answers
What motivated Ferdinand Magellan to embark on his ambitious expedition to the Moluccas?
How did Magellan convince the Spanish king that the spice islands were under Spanish territory?
Which geographical area did Magellan have previous experiences in, contributing to his ambitious expedition?
What was a significant challenge faced by Magellan during his westward voyage from Spain to Asia?
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What historical event contributed to Magellan's belief that the Moluccas were within Spain's sphere of influence?
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Which individual's navigational aid did Magellan use to plan his expedition, as mentioned in the text?
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When did Magellan spend three weeks in and around Sugbu port on Cebu Island?
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Why was Lapulapu offended by Magellan?
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What was Magellan's objective when setting out for Mactan Island with his forces?
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Why did Magellan decide to attack Lapulapu without the assistance of Humabon, Zula, and their warriors?
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What weaponry did Magellan and his men possess when they set out to confront Lapulapu on Mactan Island?
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Why did Magellan send three batels and sixty men to attack Lapulapu on Mactan Island?
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What was the reason Humabon wanted Magellan to wait for daybreak before attacking Lapulapu?
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Why did Lapulapu's warriors have an advantage when Magellan attacked the settlement on Mactan Island?
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According to Gomara's account, how was Magellan killed in the battle of Mactan?
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Which of the following is NOT a theory about how Magellan died?
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What was the primary goal of the Magellan-Elcano expedition?
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Who ultimately completed the first voyage around the world after Magellan's death?
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Which monarch financed Magellan's voyage after his proposed expeditions to the Spice Islands were rejected?
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What did the crew exchange with the locals in Rio de Janeiro for food and local goods?
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What action did Magellan take after his crew interpreted the Chamorro people's actions in Guam as theft?
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Which island resisted Magellan's attempts to convert the locals to Christianity?
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According to historian Danilo Gerona's journal, how old was Lapu Lapu during the time of the battle?
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Where is there a stained glass window dedicated to Magellan that portrays Mactan warriors as African Natives?
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Which country's viewpoint is portrayed in the animated film 'Magellan and Elcano'?
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What is the original title of the animated film in IMDB?
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How does Portugal view Magellan in terms of circumnavigation?
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What is the significance of having a map of the world on the ground in Lisbon?
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What is one of the misconceptions addressed in the text regarding Magellan's role in Philippine history?
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What does history not always represent?
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Study Notes
Magellan's Background and Motivations
- Magellan was a skilled navigator with previous experiences in Southeast Asia, particularly in the Moluccan Spice Islands.
- He believed that the Moluccas fell within Spain's sphere of influence, as defined by the Treaty of Tordesillas.
- Magellan used a map, likely made by Martin Behaim, and letters from his friend Francisco Serrao to convince the Spanish king that the spice islands were under Spanish territory.
- He had previously sailed to Malacca from Cochin on India's Malabar Coast and was a member of the Alfonso De Albuquerque expedition, which gained control of Malacca.
Navigation Challenges and Strategic Planning
- Magellan's westward voyage from Spain to Asia was a significant feat given the limited geographical knowledge and navigational technology of the time.
- He likely had prior knowledge of the Philippines, either through his earlier voyages or through information obtained from sources like Francisco Serrao.
Purpose in the Philippines
- Magellan's arrival in the Philippines presented opportunities for exploration and potential territorial claims.
- He may have intentionally sought out the Philippines, possibly viewing it as a strategic location for trade and missionary activities.
Location of the First Mass
- The traditional belief that the first Mass in the Philippines took place at Limasawa is disputed.
- It is suggested that the first Mass likely took place onboard the ships shortly after arrival, as regular religious observances were customary during the voyage.
Speculation on Magellan's Plans
- If Magellan had survived, he might have proposed further expeditions to solidify Spain's presence in the region.
- He may have focused on territorial occupation and settlement, particularly in locations like Cebu.
Pigafetta's Account
- Pigafetta's chronicle is regarded as the most accurate narrative of the Battle of Mactan.
- Magellan spent three weeks (April 7-27) in and around Sugbu port on Cebu Island.
- He allied with Rajah Humabon, the ruler of Sugbu port, and christened him along with other chiefs.
The Battle of Mactan
- Lapulapu was offended by Magellan's actions, considering himself the paramount local ruler.
- Magellan attacked Lapulapu on Mactan Island, but was severely outnumbered and underestimated Lapulapu's forces.
- Magellan was killed in the battle, along with many of his men.
Various Accounts of the Battle of Mactan
- There are different accounts of the Battle of Mactan, with varying details of Magellan's death.
- Some accounts suggest that Magellan was hit by an arrow, while others claim he was struck by a rock or pierced by a lance.
Magellan Expedition
- The Magellan-Elcano expedition was the first voyage around the world.
- It was initially led by Magellan, but completed by Juan Sebastian Elcano in 1522.
- The expedition's primary goal was to find a western route to the Moluccas (Spice Islands).
Lapu Lapu and Magellan Depiction
- There is no solid historical basis for Lapu Lapu's appearance or character.
- Different depictions of Lapu Lapu have emerged, including a handsome, gym-toned man in a post-war Filipino monument.
- Historian Danilo Gerona suggests that Lapu Lapu was likely 70 years old during the battle and did not participate in the fight.
Controversies in the First Circumnavigation
- There have been controversies over the depiction of Magellan's death and the first circumnavigation.
- Different versions of the story have been told from various perspectives, including the Spanish, Portuguese, and Filipino viewpoints.
History and Point of View
- History is a conscious act of remembering that can include or exclude certain information.
- History can be subjective and influenced by one's point of view.
- It can be used to marginalize certain people or sectors of society.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the encounter between Ferdinand Magellan and Lapulapu in Mactan Island. Explore the events that led to the confrontation and the decisions made by the involved parties.
