Magellan's Arrival and Encounters in 1521

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Questions and Answers

What was the circumference of Mazaua as stated by Mafra?

8 n.m.

5-6 leagues.

3-4 leagues, equivalent to 9-12 n.m. (correct)

2.0313 n.m.

What was the name given to the country by Magellan?

Islas de San Lazaro (correct)

Islas de San Fernando

Islas de San Vicente

Islas de San Pedro

Who officiated the mass held on the shore of Mazaua on Easter Sunday?

Rajah Humabon

Reverend Father Pedro de Valderrama (correct)

Datu Zula

King Kolambu

What was Rajah Humabon renamed after his baptism?

Carlos Signup and view all the answers

What did Magellan plant on the summit of a hill overlooking the sea?

A large wooden cross Signup and view all the answers

What honor was not given to parents according to Rajah Humabon?

To command their children Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the wooden cross planted in Cebu?

It symbolized Spanish sovereignty and Christianity. Signup and view all the answers

Which chieftain did not welcome the Spaniards?

Lapulapu Signup and view all the answers

What did Tamuyan offer in exchange for his daughter's safety?

His own servitude Signup and view all the answers

What was Rajah Tupas's initial response to Legazpi's overtures?

He agreed to negotiate after Tamuyan's conviction. Signup and view all the answers

Which group of missionaries worked to spread Christianity among Filipinos?

Augustinians Signup and view all the answers

What was the name given to Rajah Tupas after his baptism?

Felipe Signup and view all the answers

What significant event happened on the banks of the Panay River?

The second Spanish settlement was founded. Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first Cebuano convert to Christianity?

Jandulaman Signup and view all the answers

What action did Juan de Salcedo take in 1570?

He punished Moro pirates causing trouble in Panay. Signup and view all the answers

What approach did Legazpi use to interact with Rajah Tupas and the people of Cebu?

Policy of attraction and peace Signup and view all the answers

What was the original purpose of the institution established by the Franciscan nuns?

To care for orphaned Spanish girls Signup and view all the answers

Who founded the Beaterio de la Compania de Jesus?

Mother Ignacia del Espiritu Santo Signup and view all the answers

What marked the distinction of the beatas in the Beaterio?

Their spirit of poverty, humility, and charity Signup and view all the answers

What significant educational reform occurred in 1863?

The implementation of a public education system Signup and view all the answers

Which institution was inaugurated in 1865 for training male teachers?

Escuela Normal Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the subjects taught to girls in the educational system established by the Beaterio?

Needlework and Painting Signup and view all the answers

What institution did Archbishop Juan A. Rodriguez establish in 1743?

Escuela de Tiples Signup and view all the answers

What impact did the Spanish government reform have on the language of instruction in schools?

Spanish was mandated as the language of instruction at the elementary level Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the recommendations made in the report?

Encouragement of Chinese immigration Signup and view all the answers

Which machine was first introduced in the Philippines in 1936?

Steam machine for hulling rice Signup and view all the answers

What was a key material used in the weaving industry mentioned in the report?

Silk Signup and view all the answers

What type of fabric is produced from the leaves of the wild pineapple?

Piña Signup and view all the answers

What type of cloth is known as 'abel loco'?

A cloth produced in Northern Luzon Signup and view all the answers

Why was nipis fabric priced highly?

It required skill, patience, and time to weave Signup and view all the answers

What did the Augustinian missionaries introduce to enhance weaving in Panay Island?

Spinning wheels and more sophisticated looms Signup and view all the answers

What type of material could cause skin irritation due to the country's warm temperature?

Sinamay or pinukpok Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary influence of Spanish missionaries on the Filipino people?

Christianization of the population Signup and view all the answers

Which region in the Philippines largely resisted Christianization during the Spanish period?

Mindanao Signup and view all the answers

What architectural restriction was imposed during the Spanish period regarding church structures?

No building structure could surpass the height of the church's bell tower Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a title associated with images of Jesus Christ in the described culture?

El Santo Guerrero Signup and view all the answers

How did family life during the Spanish period typically reflect Christian values?

Families often prayed together regularly Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following images was venerated at the Quiapo Church?

Black Nazarene Signup and view all the answers

What role was traditionally assigned to mothers in Filipino families during the Spanish period?

First educator of children Signup and view all the answers

What was the highest part inside a church during the Spanish period?

The retablo Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Magellan's Arrival and Explorations

Magellan and his men reached Mindanao in 1521.
Mazaua, a significant location, is 45 n.m. south of Surigao.
Mazaua has a circumference of 9–12 nautical miles (n.m.) and two hills, Pinamangculan and Dalindingan.
Magellan planted a cross on Mazaua on Easter Sunday, March 31, 1521, and named the country the Islas de San Lazaro.

Magellan's Encounter with Rajah Humabon

Magellan landed on Sugbu (Cebu) on April 7, 1521.
Rajah Humabon made a blood compact with Magellan on the same day.
Rajah Humabon, having no sons, identified his nephew, who had married his daughter, as the crown prince.
Magellan introduced the Christian teaching of honoring parents, confounding Humabon, who subsequently sought baptism.
On April 14, 1521, Rajah Humabon, his people, and about 800 Filipinos participated in a mass and baptism ceremony in Cebu.
Magellan made Humabon, renamed Carlos, the king's representative in Cebu and aimed to unite local chieftains under his authority.

Lapulapu’s Resistance

Lapulapu, a chieftain of Mactan, resisted the Spaniards.
His real name was Cali Pulacu according to the 17th-century poem Que Dios Le Perdone (That God May Forgive Him).

Spanish Conquest and Christianity

Legazpi, employing a policy of attraction, tried to win over Rajah Tupas and the people of Cebu.
With the help of Sidamit, a Muslim Malay, Legazpi succeeded in bringing Cebuanos back and establishing peace.
The Cebuanos paid tribute to the King of Spain and recognized him as their sovereign.
The Augustinian missionaries actively spread the Christian faith.
Jandulaman, widowed niece of Tupas, became the first Cebuano convert, baptized as Isabel. She married Master Andres.
Rajah Tupas was later baptized as Felipe, with Legazpi as his godfather.
In 1569, Legazpi transferred to Panay, establishing a second Spanish settlement.
Datus Macabaog and Madidong, two Panay chiefs, converted to Christianity.

Early Education and Religious Institutions

The Santa Catalina School was established in Manila in 1589.
The Real Monasterio de Santa Clara (St. Claire Convent of Manila) was founded in 1621.
The Beaterio de la Compania de Jesus, established in 1694, provided education for Filipina girls.
The Escuela de Tiples was founded in 1743, offering elementary education and music instruction.
The Academy of Fine Art, the first school of painting in Manila, was founded by Damian Domingo in 1820.

Economic and Educational Reforms

The opening of the Philippines to world trade led to increased demand for Philippine products and the introduction of machinery.
The first steam machine for hulling rice was introduced in 1936, followed by a steam machine for hulling sugar.
The Educational Decree of 1863 introduced a system of public education with elementary, secondary, and collegiate levels.
The Escuela Normal (Normal School) for teacher training was inaugurated in 1865.
The Normal Superior, for training secondary level teachers, was established in 1893.

Weaving Traditions and Legacy

Cotton, abaca, silk, and piña were the most important materials used in weaving.
Sinamay/pinukpok, made from beaten abaca fibers, was extensively woven in different regions.
Nipis, a sheer fabric made from silk combined with cotton and abaca, was highly valued.
Piña fabric, made from the leaves of the wild pineapple, was also popular.
The Augustinian missionaries introduced spinning wheels and looms in Panay, developing the local weaving industry.
Needlework became popular in Ermita, Malate, and Sta. Ana, Manila.

Spanish Influence and Religious Practices

Christianization was a lasting legacy of the Spanish, converting most of the Philippines except Mindanao and Sulu.
The use of Philippine dialects by missionaries facilitated the teaching of the Gospel.
The similarity between pre-colonial religion and Catholicism contributed to the acceptance of Christianity.
The Spanish enforced architectural restrictions, including the bell tower being the highest structure.
Many holy images and devotions originated from New Spain (Mexico).
Popular images include Our Lady of Peace and Good Voyage, the Black Nazarene, and Our Lady of Guadalupe.
Jesus Christ is represented in various forms, including the Santo Niño, Nazareno, Santo Entierro, and Cristo Resucitado.

Family Life and Religious Observances

Family life during the Spanish Era focused on Christian values.
The father was the head of the family, but considered his wife’s opinions.
The mother was the custodian of the family and the primary teacher of the children.
Families prayed together, attended church services, and observed religious events like Christmas and Holy Week.

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Description

Explore the significant events surrounding Ferdinand Magellan's arrival in the Philippines in 1521, including his encounter with Rajah Humabon and the planting of the cross in Mazaua. This quiz covers key locations, historical figures, and cultural exchanges that marked this monumental period in Philippine history.