Macular Degeneration Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary cause of dry macular degeneration?

  • Growth of new blood vessels
  • Increase in eye pressure
  • Infection of the retinal cells
  • Gradual blockage in retinal capillary arteries (correct)

    • Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for dry macular degeneration?

  • Smoking
  • Age under 60 (correct)
  • Family history
  • Female sex

    • What characterizes wet macular degeneration?

  • Thickening of the retinal layer
  • New growth of weak blood vessels (correct)
  • Death of retinal cells
  • Complete blockage of retinal arteries

    • Which demographic group is shown to have a higher incidence of dry macular degeneration?

    <p>Caucasian race</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age can wet macular degeneration potentially occur?

    <p>Any age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes dry macular degeneration?

    <p>It results from a gradual blockage in retinal capillary arteries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of vision loss in age-related macular degeneration?

    <p>Loss of central vision.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes wet macular degeneration from dry macular degeneration?

    <p>It involves new vessel growth that leaks blood and fluid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which age-related factor contributes to dry macular degeneration?

    <p>Age greater than 60</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common expected finding in patients with macular degeneration?

    <p>Objects appear distorted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using an ophthalmoscope in diagnostic procedures?

    <p>To examine the back part of the eyeball</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these visual testing methods is used to assess visual acuity?

    <p>Snellen chart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition may result in loss of central vision?

    <p>Dry macular degeneration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might be a possible severe outcome of macular degeneration?

    <p>Complete blindness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of treatment involves the use of laser therapy in wet macular degeneration?

    <p>To seal leaking blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following injections is used to inhibit blood vessel growth in wet macular degeneration?

    <p>Ranibizumab</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What dietary recommendation is suggested for clients at risk of macular degeneration?

    <p>Consume foods rich in antioxidants and vitamins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    As vision loss progresses in macular degeneration, which activity may NOT be significantly affected?

    <p>Listening to music</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of community support is advisable for patients with progressing vision loss?

    <p>Transportation and reading assistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of age-related cataracts?

    <p>Compacted lens fibers due to drying and water loss</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is NOT associated with the development of cataracts?

    <p>Asthma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a recommended health promotion activity for preventing cataracts?

    <p>Wearing protective eyewear during sports</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medications is associated with an increased risk of cataracts?

    <p>Beta blockers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of eye problem is categorized as 'complicated' cataracts?

    <p>Cataracts associated with intraocular diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using an ophthalmoscope during eye examinations?

    <p>To examine the lens and internal structures of the eye</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which device can help individuals with reduced vision?

    <p>Magnifying lens and large print materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does atropine 1% ophthalmic solution have on the eye?

    <p>Prevents pupil constriction and induces muscle relaxation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action should be taken to enhance a patient's functional capacity due to decreased vision?

    <p>Increase the amount of light in the room</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the use of anticholinergic agents in eye care is accurate?

    <p>They relax eye muscles and can dilate the pupil for examination.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of postoperative care after cataract surgery?

    <p>Preventing an increase in intraocular pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following actions is advised to prevent infection after cataract surgery?

    <p>Administering ophthalmic medications as prescribed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a patient avoid to prevent an increase in intraocular pressure following cataract surgery?

    <p>Bending at the waist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one expected change in vision post-cataract surgery?

    <p>Best vision is not expected until 4 to 6 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom should prompt a report to the physician after cataract surgery?

    <p>Sharp sudden eye pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using sound waves during cataract surgery?

    <p>To soften the lens for easier removal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following actions should a patient avoid to prevent increased intraocular pressure after surgery?

    <p>Sneezing or coughing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a patient report to the physician as a potential indication of increased intraocular pressure?

    <p>Lid swelling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is patient education important regarding activities following cataract surgery?

    <p>To prevent injury and complications after the operation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When can a patient generally expect to achieve their best vision post-cataract surgery?

    <p>4 to 6 weeks following the surgery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Macular Degeneration (AMD)

    • AMD is central vision loss affecting the macula of the eye.
    • No cure exists for AMD.
    • Common cause of vision loss in older adults.
    • Two types: dry and wet.

    Dry Macular Degeneration

    • Most common type.
    • Caused by gradual blockage in retinal capillary arteries, leading to ischemia and necrosis of the macula due to lack of retinal cells.
    • Risk factors include: smoking, hypertension, female sex, short stature, family history, diet lacking carotene and vitamin E, age over 60, and Caucasian race.

    Wet Macular Degeneration

    • Less common.
    • Caused by abnormal blood vessel growth with thin walls, leading to leakage of blood and fluid.
    • Can occur at any age.

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    Description

    This quiz explores macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of vision loss among older adults. It covers the two types of AMD: dry and wet, including their causes and risk factors. Test your knowledge on this important eye health topic.

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