Macromolecules Overview Quiz

<p>Sucrose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mitochondria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1:2:1 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Digestion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbon Dioxide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lactic acid fermentation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To speed up chemical reactions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anaerobic respiration does not require oxygen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chloroplasts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It loses its shape (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Formation of larger molecules with water as a byproduct (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carbon moves between the atmosphere and living organisms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It decreases the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Burning of fossil fuels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The molecule the enzyme acts upon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They open and close stomata to regulate gas exchange (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A reaction that splits larger molecules into smaller ones using water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In rocks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glycerol and fatty acids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nitrogen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Storage and transfer of information (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fish (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1:2:1 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lipids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A sugar made up of two monosaccharides (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protein (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lactic acid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It requires oxygen. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oxygen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The enzyme can denature. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dehydration synthesis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To regulate the opening and closing of stomata. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Excessive carbon dioxide emissions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To act as catalysts and speed up reactions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regulating water and gas exchange. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Splitting a molecule into parts while consuming water. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alcoholic fermentation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In the atmosphere (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is a closed environmental system. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A simple sugar molecule; a single sugar unit.

Carbohydrates always contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio.

Lipids store energy, make up cell membranes, cushion and insulate the body, and make hormones.

Lipids are made of glycerol and fatty acids.

Nucleic acids contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus.

Proteins carry out many functions, including movement, hormones, immune system functions, and enzymes.

Proteins are made of amino acids.

A process that breaks down sugar using oxygen to produce energy (ATP), releasing carbon dioxide and water.

Cellular respiration that uses oxygen.

Cellular respiration without oxygen.

A type of anaerobic respiration, used by some bacteria.

A type of anaerobic respiration in humans during emergencies.

Plants use sunlight to make food (sugar).

Location of photosynthesis in plant cells

Tiny holes on the underside of a leaf that control gas exchange.

Protein helpers that speed up reactions.

The part of an enzyme where the substrate binds.

Combining smaller molecules to make bigger ones by removing water.

Breaking down larger molecules into smaller ones using water.

The continuous movement of carbon between air, Earth, and life.

The time when humans started burning fossil fuels.

Changes in the carbon cycle due to human activities.

The building blocks of carbohydrates are simple sugars called monosaccharides. Examples include glucose and fructose.

A disaccharide is a carbohydrate made of two monosaccharide units bonded together. Sucrose (table sugar) is a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose.

Polysaccharides are complex carbohydrates composed of many monosaccharides linked together. They serve as energy storage or structural components.

Carbohydrates contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio. For every carbon atom, there are two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.

The building blocks of lipids are glycerol and fatty acids. A lipid molecule contains glycerol and three fatty acids.

Lipids are primarily used for energy storage. They provide twice the energy per gram compared to carbohydrates.

The building blocks of proteins are amino acids. Twenty different amino acids are used to make proteins.

Proteins have a wide range of functions, including movement, hormone production, immune system defense, and enzyme activity.