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Questions and Answers
What is the primary cause of macrocytosis in megaloblastic anemias?
What is the primary cause of macrocytosis in megaloblastic anemias?
- Abnormal DNA metabolism (correct)
- Excessive red blood cell destruction
- Increased iron production
- Low white blood cell count
Which vitamin deficiencies are most associated with megaloblastic anemias?
Which vitamin deficiencies are most associated with megaloblastic anemias?
- Vitamin A and Vitamin K
- Vitamin B12 and folate (correct)
- Vitamin C and Vitamin D
- Vitamin E and Niacin
What results from the interference with folic acid- and vitamin B12-interdependent nucleic acid synthesis?
What results from the interference with folic acid- and vitamin B12-interdependent nucleic acid synthesis?
- Immature large red blood cells (correct)
- Decreased hemoglobin formation
- Increased platelet count
- Formation of sickle cells
Which of the following drugs can cause macrocytosis?
Which of the following drugs can cause macrocytosis?
What occurs in erythrocytes during megaloblastosis?
What occurs in erythrocytes during megaloblastosis?
Flashcards
Megaloblastic Anemia
Megaloblastic Anemia
A type of anemia characterized by large, immature red blood cells due to abnormal DNA synthesis.
Macrocytosis
Macrocytosis
The presence of abnormally large red blood cells, a hallmark of megaloblastic anemia.
Vitamin B12 or Folate Deficiency Anemia
Vitamin B12 or Folate Deficiency Anemia
Anemia caused by a deficiency in either vitamin B12 or folate, leading to impaired DNA synthesis and abnormal red blood cell development.
Megaloblastosis
Megaloblastosis
The process of red blood cell precursors becoming abnormally large due to the disruption of DNA synthesis.
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RNA and Cytoplasm Production Exceeding DNA Production
RNA and Cytoplasm Production Exceeding DNA Production
The condition where the production of RNA and cytoplasm outpaces the production of DNA in developing red blood cells.
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Macrocytic Anemias
- Macrocytic anemias are classified into megaloblastic and nonmegaloblastic types.
- Megaloblastic anemias arise from abnormal DNA metabolism, often due to vitamin B12 or folate deficiency.
- Certain medications can also cause macrocytosis, including hydroxyurea, zidovudine, cytosine arabinoside, methotrexate, azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine, and cladribine.
Megaloblastic Anemia
- Megaloblastic anemia is characterized by megaloblastosis.
- Megaloblastosis arises from impaired nucleic acid synthesis (folic acid and vitamin B12) in developing red blood cells (erythrocytes).
- The RNA and cytoplasm production in red blood cells outpaces DNA production.
- This imbalance leads to delayed maturation, resulting in large, immature red blood cells (macrocytosis).
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