Machine Tools and Metalworking
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Which machine tool is used to form metal parts by removing metal from a workpiece using a revolving cutter with many teeth?

  • Broaching machine
  • Drilling machine
  • Boring machine
  • Milling machine (correct)

    • Match the following metalworking processes with their descriptions:

    Annealing = Heating metal to soften it Hardening = Increasing metal hardness through heating and quenching Normalizing = Reheating metal to achieve desired properties Tempering = Heating metal and then slowly cooling it

    What process involves heating metal above the transformation range, usually 1300°F to 1350°F, and cooling slowly to soften the metal?

    annealing

    A machine tool used to sharpen or shape tools by using an abrasive wheel is called a _?

    <p>tool grinder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A lathe machine is primarily used for sharpening or shaping tools.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the portion of the gear tooth that projects above or outside the pitch circle?

    <p>Top relief</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the portion of the gear tooth space that is cut below the pitch circle and is equal to the addendum plus the clearance?

    <p>Addendum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which kind of gears are used for heavy duty works where a large ratio of speed is required?

    <p>Worm gear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Knurling is the process of checking or producing checkers on the surface of a piece by rolling checkered depression into the surface.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Galvanized iron a term referring to?

    <p>Iron coated with Zinc</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A tool which, when pressed into a finished hole in a piece of work, provides centers on which the piece may be turned or otherwise machined is called a ____________.

    <p>Mandrel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A machine tool in which an abrasive wheel is used as cutting tool to obtain a very smooth finish is a _____________.

    <p>grinder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An alloy of copper and zinc is Chromium.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of cooling a heated piece of work rapidly by dropping it in water, brine, or oil?

    <p>quenching</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following materials with their correct descriptions:

    <p>Diamond = Exceedingly hard crystalline stone of almost pure carbon Brass = An alloy of copper and zinc Tungsten = A heavy metal used as a material for heat-resistant tools Cast iron = Material used in high-speed processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is rigidly stationary called when subjected to alternating or repeated loading without causing failure?

    <p>Elastic limit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gear is used for heavy-duty works and extensively in speed reducers?

    <p>Worm gear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Any material that retards the flow of electricity used to prevent passage or escape of electric current from conductors. This material is known as ______.

    <p>Insulators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total resistance that a material offers to an applied load?

    <p>Yield strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total deformation measured in the direction of the line of stress?

    <p>Contraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What material is an alloy of copper and zinc?

    <p>Brass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which metallic element is liquid at ordinary temperature?

    <p>Mercury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used to machine flat or curved surfaces with a tool that moves in a reciprocating motion?

    <p>Shaper</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is used in the production of flat surfaces on pieces too large or heavy to hold in a shaper?

    <p>Planer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Annealing is the softening of metals by heat treatment.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A tool with hardened steel points used for scribing or laying of __________.

    <p>Plain scriber</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Monel = Special metal formed when two or more metals are melted together. Elongation = The deformation that results from a stress and is expressed in terms of the amount of deformation per inch. Alloy = A special metal formed by melting different metals together. Elasticity = The ability of a material to return to its original shape after being deformed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended best cutting angle of drill for work on steel or cast iron?

    <p>49 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do you call a cam where the follower reciprocates or oscillates in a plane parallel to its axis?

    <p>Cylindrical cam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are gears for watches generally manufactured?

    <p>Machining on hobber</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Rope brake dynamometer uses what type of belts at high speed?

    <p>Type D belts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Piston compression rings are made of what material?

    <p>Cast iron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process does not belong to the group? (Select the option that does not belong)

    <p>Vise grip</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which does not belong to the group? (Select the option that does not belong)

    <p>Hardening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Substances having sufficient carbon and/or hydrogen for chemical oxidation to produce exothermally, worthwhile quantities of heat are ___.

    <p>fuels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A device that measures atmospheric pressure is a:

    <p>Barometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the property of a material which resists forces trying to pull the material apart?

    <p>Shear strength</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The mass of the body per unit of volume is known as:

    <p>Density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Subjecting a substance to a high temperature below the fusion point, usually to make it friable, is called ___.

    <p>calcinations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At quite low temperatures, the notched bar impact value of steel increases significantly.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following properties with their definitions:

    <p>Elasticity = Ability to return to original shape after being elongated or distorted Hardness = Resistance to indentation or penetration Hardening = Strengthening the surface of iron-based alloys by heating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which material is the best for a brake drum?

    <p>Cyaniding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When are splines used?

    <p>Axial relative motion between shafts and hub is necessary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what temperature does Delta iron occur?

    <p>Between 1400°C and 1539°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The range of tensile strength of common varieties of cast iron is $_____ Mpa$.

    <p>40-60</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Projection welding is used to make mesh.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Machine Design and Operations

    • Drilling Machine: a machine tool used to produce holes in metal by using a cutting tool called a drill.
    • Boring Machine: a machine tool used to enlarge a hole by means of an adjustable cutting tool with only one cutting edge.
    • Milling Machine: a machine tool used to form metal parts by removing metal from a workpiece using a revolving cutter with many teeth.
    • Broaching Machine: a machine tool used to finish internal or external surfaces such as holes or keyways by using a cutter called a broach.

    Metal Treatment Processes

    • Annealing: a process of heating metal above its transformation range and cooling slowly to soften the metal and increase its machinability.
    • Hardening: a process of heating metal above its transformation range and quenching in oil to increase its hardness.
    • Normalizing: a process of heating metal to a subcritical temperature, holding it at that temperature, and cooling it to reduce internal residual stresses.
    • Tempering: a process of heating metal to a temperature below its transformation range to produce a desired property.
    • Stress Relieving: a process of heating metal to reduce internal residual stresses.

    Machine Tools and Operations

    • Tool Grinder: a machine tool used to sharpen or shape tools by using an abrasive wheel.
    • Shaper: a machine tool used to machine flat or plane surfaces with a single-point cutting tool.
    • Planer: a machine tool used to machine flat or plane surfaces with a single-point cutting tool.
    • Power Saw: a machine tool used to cut metal by using a reciprocating hacksaw blade.
    • Lathe: a metal turning machine in which the work, while revolving on a horizontal axis, is acted upon by a cutting tool that moves slowly (feed) in a direction more or less parallel to the axis of the work.

    Materials and Properties

    • Brass: an alloy of copper and tin.
    • Bronze: an alloy of copper and zinc.
    • Iron: a metal that can be deformed considerably without rupture, possessing high ductility.
    • Tin: a metal with low ductility.

    Gears and Gear Systems

    • Pitch Circle: an imaginary circle passing through the points at which the teeth of meshing gears contact each other.
    • Addendum Circle: an imaginary circle that passes through the top of the gear teeth.
    • Dedendum Circle: an imaginary circle that passes through the bottom of the gear teeth.
    • Bevel Gear: a type of gear used to transmit motion from one shaft to another shaft at an angle to the first shaft.
    • Worm Gear: a type of gear used to transmit motion from one shaft to another shaft at an angle to the first shaft.

    Bolts and Fastening

    • U-Bolt: a type of bolt used to connect wooden parts together or wood to metal.
    • Carriage Bolt: a type of bolt used to connect wooden parts together or wood to metal.
    • Eye Bolt: a type of bolt used to connect wooden parts together or wood to metal.
    • Stud Bolt: a type of bolt used to connect wooden parts together or wood to metal.

    Measurement and Inspection

    • Dial Gauge: a tool used to measure diameters.
    • Dial Indicator: a tool used to measure small distances or angles.
    • Feeler Gage: a set of gages consisting of thin strips of metal of various thickness used to measure clearances.
    • Line Center Gage: a tool used to measure the center of a workpiece.
    • Lay-out Gage: a tool used to measure the layout of a workpiece.### Indexer
    • A bearing surface on which the work rests and revolves with the work
    • Softer than the dead center in the tailstock

    Types of Gears

    • External gear: teeth on the outer cylindrical surface
    • Internal gear: diameter of a circle coinciding with the top of the teeth
    • Root circle: a circle coinciding with the bottom of the tooth space
    • Addendum circle: a circle that is the radius of the gear plus the addendum
    • Dedendum circle: a circle that is the radius of the gear minus the dedendum

    Welding Operations

    • Brazing: non-ferrous filler metal melts at a temperature below that of the metal joined but is heated above 450°C
    • Spot welding: a welding operation in which a non-ferrous filler metal melts at a temperature below that of the metal joined but is heated above 450°C
    • Arc welding: a welding operation in which a non-ferrous filler metal melts at a temperature below that of the metal joined but is heated above 450°C

    Materials

    • High-speed steel: used in high-speed processes
    • Cast iron: used in casting
    • Bronze: an alloy of copper and tin
    • Brass: an alloy of copper and zinc
    • Aluminum: a non-ferrous metal
    • Chromium: a metal used in alloying elements
    • Tungsten: a metal used in alloying elements

    Machine Tools

    • Drill press: used to machine flat or plane surfaces
    • Shaper: used to machine flat or plane surfaces with a single point cutting tool
    • Planer: used to machine flat or plane surfaces with a single point cutting tool
    • Grinder: used to obtain a very smooth finish on metal parts
    • Milling machine: used to machine flat or plane surfaces with a single point cutting tool
    • Broaching machine: used to machine internal surfaces with a single point cutting tool

    Measurement

    • Feeler gage: used to measure clearance
    • Lay-out gage: used to measure distances
    • Micrometer: used to measure small distances
    • Caliper: used to measure distances

    Heat Treatment

    • Annealing: a process of softening metals by heating them up to near molten state and then cooling them very slowly
    • Tempering: a process of cooling a heated piece of work rapidly by dipping it in water, brine, or oil
    • Quenching: a process of cooling a heated piece of work rapidly by dipping it in water, brine, or oil

    Properties of Materials

    • Elastic limit: the maximum stress to which a material can be subjected without any permanent deformation
    • Proportional limit: the stress to which a material can be subjected without deviating from the direct proportionality of stress and strain
    • Endurance limit: the maximum stress to which a material can be subjected without causing failure
    • Ultimate limit: the maximum stress to which a material can be subjected without failing

    Miscellaneous

    • Insulators: materials that resist the flow of electricity
    • Refractories: materials used in high-temperature applications
    • Lubrication: the process of reducing friction between two surfaces
    • Seals: devices used to prevent leakage of media### Machine Shop Operations
    • Hardening: A tool used for measuring diameters, gases are burned to perform various gas welding operations.
    • Normalizing: The process of producing a variety of surfaces by using a circular type cutter with multiple teeth.
    • Tempering: The process of working metals by the application of sudden blows or by steady pressure.

    Properties of Materials

    • Rupture stress: The maximum stress to which a material may be subjected before failure occurs.
    • Yield stress: The maximum stress induced in a material when subjected to alternate or repeated loading without causing failure.
    • Ultimate stress: The maximum stress to which a material can be subjected without a trace of any permanent set.
    • Allowable stress: The maximum stress induced in a material when subjected to alternate or repeated loading without causing failure.
    • Elasticity: The ability of materials to return to their original shape after being deformed.
    • Poisson’s ratio: The ratio of lateral strain to the longitudinal strain.

    Types of Gears

    • Worm gear: A kind of gear for heavy-duty works where a large ratio of speed is required and is extensively used in speed reducers.
    • Helical gear: A kind of gear used to transmit motion from one shaft to another shaft at an angle to the first.
    • Bevel gear: A kind of gear used to transmit motion from one shaft to another shaft at an angle to the first.

    Machining Operations

    • Shaping: A machining operation whereby the tool reciprocates and the feed is stationary.
    • Turning: A machining operation whereby the tool rotates while the feed is stationary.
    • Grinding: A machining operation whereby the tool rotates while the feed is stationary.
    • Broaching: A machining operation whereby the tool reciprocates and the feed is stationary.

    Machine Tools

    • Lathe machine: A machine tool used to produce a variety of surfaces by using a circular type cutter with multiple teeth.
    • Shaper machine: A machine tool used to machine flat or curved surfaces with a tool which moves in a reciprocating motion.
    • Broaching machine: A machine tool used to machine flat or curved surfaces with a tool which moves in a reciprocating motion.
    • Grinding machine: A machine tool used to machine flat or curved surfaces with a tool which moves in a reciprocating motion.

    Metallurgy

    • Annealing: The process of softening metals by heat treatment and most commonly consists of heating the metal up to near molten state and then cooling it very slowly.
    • Quenching: The process of cooling a heated piece of work rapidly by dipping it in water, brine, or oil.
    • Tempering: The process of working metals by the application of sudden blows or by steady pressure.

    Elements

    • Abrasive: A material that can wear away a substance softer than itself.
    • Tungsten: A metallic element that is not easily worn away by softer materials.
    • Carbon: A metallic element that is not easily worn away by softer materials.
    • Corrosive: A material that can cause corrosion or rust in other materials.

    Machine Shop

    • Foundry area: The area of the machine shop where metal is being melted to form a new shape.
    • Welding area: The area of the machine shop where welding operations are performed.
    • Tool and die area: The area of the machine shop where tools and dies are made.

    Centering

    • Dead center: A type of center that is being attached and meshed to the tailstock spindle which is also static while the work is rotating.
    • Live center: A type of center that is being attached and meshed to the tailstock spindle which is also rotating while the work is rotating.
    • Focal center: A type of center that is being attached and meshed to the tailstock spindle which is also rotating while the work is rotating.

    Please let me know if you would like me to reorganize the study notes in any way.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the basics of machine tools and metalworking processes, including drilling, boring, and milling machines.

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