Questions and Answers
Which machine tool is used to form metal parts by removing metal from a workpiece using a revolving cutter with many teeth?
Match the following metalworking processes with their descriptions:
Annealing = Heating metal to soften it Hardening = Increasing metal hardness through heating and quenching Normalizing = Reheating metal to achieve desired properties Tempering = Heating metal and then slowly cooling it
What process involves heating metal above the transformation range, usually 1300°F to 1350°F, and cooling slowly to soften the metal?
annealing
A machine tool used to sharpen or shape tools by using an abrasive wheel is called a _?
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A lathe machine is primarily used for sharpening or shaping tools.
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What is the portion of the gear tooth that projects above or outside the pitch circle?
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What is the portion of the gear tooth space that is cut below the pitch circle and is equal to the addendum plus the clearance?
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Which kind of gears are used for heavy duty works where a large ratio of speed is required?
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Knurling is the process of checking or producing checkers on the surface of a piece by rolling checkered depression into the surface.
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What is Galvanized iron a term referring to?
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A tool which, when pressed into a finished hole in a piece of work, provides centers on which the piece may be turned or otherwise machined is called a ____________.
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A machine tool in which an abrasive wheel is used as cutting tool to obtain a very smooth finish is a _____________.
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An alloy of copper and zinc is Chromium.
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What is the process of cooling a heated piece of work rapidly by dropping it in water, brine, or oil?
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Match the following materials with their correct descriptions:
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What is rigidly stationary called when subjected to alternating or repeated loading without causing failure?
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Which gear is used for heavy-duty works and extensively in speed reducers?
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Any material that retards the flow of electricity used to prevent passage or escape of electric current from conductors. This material is known as ______.
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What is the total resistance that a material offers to an applied load?
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What is the total deformation measured in the direction of the line of stress?
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What material is an alloy of copper and zinc?
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Which metallic element is liquid at ordinary temperature?
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What is used to machine flat or curved surfaces with a tool that moves in a reciprocating motion?
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What is used in the production of flat surfaces on pieces too large or heavy to hold in a shaper?
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Annealing is the softening of metals by heat treatment.
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A tool with hardened steel points used for scribing or laying of __________.
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Match the following terms with their definitions:
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What is the recommended best cutting angle of drill for work on steel or cast iron?
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How do you call a cam where the follower reciprocates or oscillates in a plane parallel to its axis?
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How are gears for watches generally manufactured?
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Rope brake dynamometer uses what type of belts at high speed?
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Piston compression rings are made of what material?
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Which process does not belong to the group? (Select the option that does not belong)
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Which does not belong to the group? (Select the option that does not belong)
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Substances having sufficient carbon and/or hydrogen for chemical oxidation to produce exothermally, worthwhile quantities of heat are ___.
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A device that measures atmospheric pressure is a:
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What is the property of a material which resists forces trying to pull the material apart?
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The mass of the body per unit of volume is known as:
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Subjecting a substance to a high temperature below the fusion point, usually to make it friable, is called ___.
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At quite low temperatures, the notched bar impact value of steel increases significantly.
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Match the following properties with their definitions:
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Which material is the best for a brake drum?
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When are splines used?
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At what temperature does Delta iron occur?
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The range of tensile strength of common varieties of cast iron is $_____ Mpa$.
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Projection welding is used to make mesh.
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Study Notes
Machine Design and Operations
- Drilling Machine: a machine tool used to produce holes in metal by using a cutting tool called a drill.
- Boring Machine: a machine tool used to enlarge a hole by means of an adjustable cutting tool with only one cutting edge.
- Milling Machine: a machine tool used to form metal parts by removing metal from a workpiece using a revolving cutter with many teeth.
- Broaching Machine: a machine tool used to finish internal or external surfaces such as holes or keyways by using a cutter called a broach.
Metal Treatment Processes
- Annealing: a process of heating metal above its transformation range and cooling slowly to soften the metal and increase its machinability.
- Hardening: a process of heating metal above its transformation range and quenching in oil to increase its hardness.
- Normalizing: a process of heating metal to a subcritical temperature, holding it at that temperature, and cooling it to reduce internal residual stresses.
- Tempering: a process of heating metal to a temperature below its transformation range to produce a desired property.
- Stress Relieving: a process of heating metal to reduce internal residual stresses.
Machine Tools and Operations
- Tool Grinder: a machine tool used to sharpen or shape tools by using an abrasive wheel.
- Shaper: a machine tool used to machine flat or plane surfaces with a single-point cutting tool.
- Planer: a machine tool used to machine flat or plane surfaces with a single-point cutting tool.
- Power Saw: a machine tool used to cut metal by using a reciprocating hacksaw blade.
- Lathe: a metal turning machine in which the work, while revolving on a horizontal axis, is acted upon by a cutting tool that moves slowly (feed) in a direction more or less parallel to the axis of the work.
Materials and Properties
- Brass: an alloy of copper and tin.
- Bronze: an alloy of copper and zinc.
- Iron: a metal that can be deformed considerably without rupture, possessing high ductility.
- Tin: a metal with low ductility.
Gears and Gear Systems
- Pitch Circle: an imaginary circle passing through the points at which the teeth of meshing gears contact each other.
- Addendum Circle: an imaginary circle that passes through the top of the gear teeth.
- Dedendum Circle: an imaginary circle that passes through the bottom of the gear teeth.
- Bevel Gear: a type of gear used to transmit motion from one shaft to another shaft at an angle to the first shaft.
- Worm Gear: a type of gear used to transmit motion from one shaft to another shaft at an angle to the first shaft.
Bolts and Fastening
- U-Bolt: a type of bolt used to connect wooden parts together or wood to metal.
- Carriage Bolt: a type of bolt used to connect wooden parts together or wood to metal.
- Eye Bolt: a type of bolt used to connect wooden parts together or wood to metal.
- Stud Bolt: a type of bolt used to connect wooden parts together or wood to metal.
Measurement and Inspection
- Dial Gauge: a tool used to measure diameters.
- Dial Indicator: a tool used to measure small distances or angles.
- Feeler Gage: a set of gages consisting of thin strips of metal of various thickness used to measure clearances.
- Line Center Gage: a tool used to measure the center of a workpiece.
- Lay-out Gage: a tool used to measure the layout of a workpiece.### Indexer
- A bearing surface on which the work rests and revolves with the work
- Softer than the dead center in the tailstock
Types of Gears
- External gear: teeth on the outer cylindrical surface
- Internal gear: diameter of a circle coinciding with the top of the teeth
- Root circle: a circle coinciding with the bottom of the tooth space
- Addendum circle: a circle that is the radius of the gear plus the addendum
- Dedendum circle: a circle that is the radius of the gear minus the dedendum
Welding Operations
- Brazing: non-ferrous filler metal melts at a temperature below that of the metal joined but is heated above 450°C
- Spot welding: a welding operation in which a non-ferrous filler metal melts at a temperature below that of the metal joined but is heated above 450°C
- Arc welding: a welding operation in which a non-ferrous filler metal melts at a temperature below that of the metal joined but is heated above 450°C
Materials
- High-speed steel: used in high-speed processes
- Cast iron: used in casting
- Bronze: an alloy of copper and tin
- Brass: an alloy of copper and zinc
- Aluminum: a non-ferrous metal
- Chromium: a metal used in alloying elements
- Tungsten: a metal used in alloying elements
Machine Tools
- Drill press: used to machine flat or plane surfaces
- Shaper: used to machine flat or plane surfaces with a single point cutting tool
- Planer: used to machine flat or plane surfaces with a single point cutting tool
- Grinder: used to obtain a very smooth finish on metal parts
- Milling machine: used to machine flat or plane surfaces with a single point cutting tool
- Broaching machine: used to machine internal surfaces with a single point cutting tool
Measurement
- Feeler gage: used to measure clearance
- Lay-out gage: used to measure distances
- Micrometer: used to measure small distances
- Caliper: used to measure distances
Heat Treatment
- Annealing: a process of softening metals by heating them up to near molten state and then cooling them very slowly
- Tempering: a process of cooling a heated piece of work rapidly by dipping it in water, brine, or oil
- Quenching: a process of cooling a heated piece of work rapidly by dipping it in water, brine, or oil
Properties of Materials
- Elastic limit: the maximum stress to which a material can be subjected without any permanent deformation
- Proportional limit: the stress to which a material can be subjected without deviating from the direct proportionality of stress and strain
- Endurance limit: the maximum stress to which a material can be subjected without causing failure
- Ultimate limit: the maximum stress to which a material can be subjected without failing
Miscellaneous
- Insulators: materials that resist the flow of electricity
- Refractories: materials used in high-temperature applications
- Lubrication: the process of reducing friction between two surfaces
- Seals: devices used to prevent leakage of media### Machine Shop Operations
- Hardening: A tool used for measuring diameters, gases are burned to perform various gas welding operations.
- Normalizing: The process of producing a variety of surfaces by using a circular type cutter with multiple teeth.
- Tempering: The process of working metals by the application of sudden blows or by steady pressure.
Properties of Materials
- Rupture stress: The maximum stress to which a material may be subjected before failure occurs.
- Yield stress: The maximum stress induced in a material when subjected to alternate or repeated loading without causing failure.
- Ultimate stress: The maximum stress to which a material can be subjected without a trace of any permanent set.
- Allowable stress: The maximum stress induced in a material when subjected to alternate or repeated loading without causing failure.
- Elasticity: The ability of materials to return to their original shape after being deformed.
- Poisson’s ratio: The ratio of lateral strain to the longitudinal strain.
Types of Gears
- Worm gear: A kind of gear for heavy-duty works where a large ratio of speed is required and is extensively used in speed reducers.
- Helical gear: A kind of gear used to transmit motion from one shaft to another shaft at an angle to the first.
- Bevel gear: A kind of gear used to transmit motion from one shaft to another shaft at an angle to the first.
Machining Operations
- Shaping: A machining operation whereby the tool reciprocates and the feed is stationary.
- Turning: A machining operation whereby the tool rotates while the feed is stationary.
- Grinding: A machining operation whereby the tool rotates while the feed is stationary.
- Broaching: A machining operation whereby the tool reciprocates and the feed is stationary.
Machine Tools
- Lathe machine: A machine tool used to produce a variety of surfaces by using a circular type cutter with multiple teeth.
- Shaper machine: A machine tool used to machine flat or curved surfaces with a tool which moves in a reciprocating motion.
- Broaching machine: A machine tool used to machine flat or curved surfaces with a tool which moves in a reciprocating motion.
- Grinding machine: A machine tool used to machine flat or curved surfaces with a tool which moves in a reciprocating motion.
Metallurgy
- Annealing: The process of softening metals by heat treatment and most commonly consists of heating the metal up to near molten state and then cooling it very slowly.
- Quenching: The process of cooling a heated piece of work rapidly by dipping it in water, brine, or oil.
- Tempering: The process of working metals by the application of sudden blows or by steady pressure.
Elements
- Abrasive: A material that can wear away a substance softer than itself.
- Tungsten: A metallic element that is not easily worn away by softer materials.
- Carbon: A metallic element that is not easily worn away by softer materials.
- Corrosive: A material that can cause corrosion or rust in other materials.
Machine Shop
- Foundry area: The area of the machine shop where metal is being melted to form a new shape.
- Welding area: The area of the machine shop where welding operations are performed.
- Tool and die area: The area of the machine shop where tools and dies are made.
Centering
- Dead center: A type of center that is being attached and meshed to the tailstock spindle which is also static while the work is rotating.
- Live center: A type of center that is being attached and meshed to the tailstock spindle which is also rotating while the work is rotating.
- Focal center: A type of center that is being attached and meshed to the tailstock spindle which is also rotating while the work is rotating.
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Description
This quiz covers the basics of machine tools and metalworking processes, including drilling, boring, and milling machines.
