Machine Learning (ML) Introduction

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Questions and Answers

Which field focuses on the theoretical underpinnings of computation and algorithm design?

  • Computer Science (correct)
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Machine Learning
  • Data Science

Which of the following best describes the relationship between Computer Science, AI, and Machine Learning?

  • Machine Learning is a subset of AI, which is a subset of Computer Science. (correct)
  • They are independent fields with no overlap.
  • AI is a subset of Machine Learning, which is a subset of Computer Science.
  • Computer Science is a subset of AI, which is a subset of Machine Learning.

Which of the following is the MOST accurate definition of Artificial Intelligence (AI)?

  • A field of research in computer science focused on developing machines that can perceive their environment and use intelligence. (correct)
  • A set of tools for creating user interfaces.
  • The study of statistical algorithms that learn from data.
  • The design and construction of computer hardware.

What distinguishes machine learning from traditional programming?

<p>ML can generalize to unseen data without explicit instructions, while traditional programming requires explicit instructions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tasks is BEST suited for machine learning?

<p>Predicting stock prices based on historical data. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of unsupervised machine learning?

<p>Clustering (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following machine learning tasks involves predicting a continuous numerical value?

<p>Regression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following machine learning algorithms could be categorized as instance-based learning?

<p>K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of machine learning, what is the primary goal of classification algorithms?

<p>To predict the category or class of a given input. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the application of machine learning?

<p>Machine learning is applied in various fields, including natural language processing, computer vision, and email filtering. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of ML involves algorithms learning from labeled data to make predictions or decisions?

<p>Supervised Learning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following algorithms fall under the category of Supervised Learning techniques?

<p>Linear Regression (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you want to group customers based on their purchasing behavior without any prior knowledge of customer segments, which machine learning technique would be most suitable?

<p>Clustering (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a typical step in a machine learning project lifecycle?

<p>Hardware Installation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tasks can be addressed using classification algorithms?

<p>Identifying spam emails. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'Data Pre-processing' in the context of machine learning?

<p>The process of cleaning, transforming, and preparing raw data for use in a machine learning model. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique involves the use of validation data to fine-tune a machine learning model, preventing overfitting and improving generalization?

<p>Model Validation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following regularization techniques is commonly used to prevent overfitting in machine learning models by adding a penalty term to the loss function based on the magnitude of the coefficients?

<p>L1 or L2 Regularization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an optimization function used in machine learning?

<p>Gradient Descent (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using optimization functions in machine learning?

<p>To find the best set of parameters for a machine learning model. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Computer Science

The study of computation, information, and automation, focusing on theoretical disciplines like algorithms and theory of computation.

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

A field of research in computer science that develops methods enabling machines to perceive their environment and use intelligence for problem-solving and adaptation.

Machine Learning (ML)

A subset of AI, focuses on statistical algorithms that learn from input data and generalize that learning to unseen data without explicit instructions.

Machine Learning

An AI technique teaching computers to learn from experience. The field of study that gives computers the ability to learn without being explicitly programmed.

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Regression

A supervised learning task where the goal is to predict a continuous numerical value based on input features.

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Classification

classification techniques provide assistance in making predictions about the category of the target values based on any input that is provided.

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Clustering

An algorithm belonging to the category of unsupervised machine learning where The purpose is to create clusters out of collections of data points that have characteristics to them

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Study Notes

  • Information Technology: Machine Learning (ML) Introduction for the Spring Semester of the academic year 2024-2025.
  • Instructors for the course are Dr. Fathy El-Mesery and Dr. Mayar Aly.
  • Course assessment includes 2 Quizzes, a Project/Lab Assignment, a Midterm Exam, and a Final Exam.

Course Outline

  • Popular ML algorithms and their applications are covered.
  • Data Pre-processing is discussed.
  • Logistic regression, KNN, PCA, SVM, and RF are included in the course.
  • Model validation, regularization, and optimization functions are part of the curriculum.

Lecture Outline

  • The differences between Computer Science, AI, and ML are explored.
  • The definition of Machine Learning (ML) is covered.
  • Applications of popular ML algorithms are discussed.

Computer Science, AI, and Machine Learning

  • Computer Science is a broad field.
  • AI is a part of computer science.
  • Machine Learning is a part of AI.

Computer Science Defined

  • It is the study of computation, information, and automation.
  • It focuses on the theoretical disciplines, including algorithms and the theory of computation.
  • It incorporates data structure, software engineering, computer networks, computer graphics, databases, computer security, and operating systems.

Artificial Intelligence Defined

  • It is a field of research in computer science.
  • It develops and studies methods that enable machines to perceive their environment and use intelligence.
  • It involves problem-solving, decision-making, and environmental adaptation.

Machine Learning Defined

  • It is a part of AI that focuses on statistical algorithms.
  • These algorithms learn from input data and then generalize to unseen data.
  • Machine learning performs tasks without explicit instructions.
  • ML is applied in natural language processing, computer vision, speech recognition, and email filtering.
  • Types of machine learning include Unsupervised learning, Supervised learning, Reinforcement learning, Transfer learning, and Deep learning.

Machine Learning Explained

  • It gives computers the ability to learn without being explicitly programmed.
  • It's an AI technique that teaches computers to learn from experience.

Classification

  • Classification techniques predict the category of target values based on provided input.
  • Classifications can be binary or multi-class.

Clustering

  • Clustering is an unsupervised machine learning algorithm.
  • Clusters are created based on the collections of data points that have certain properties.

Regression

  • Regression is a supervised learning task.
  • It aims to predict a continuous numerical value based on input features.
  • An example is predicting house prices based on size, location, and number of bedrooms
  • Another is forecasting sales revenue based on advertising spend.

Conclusion

  • Computer Science encompasses AI.
  • Machine Learning is part of AI and can involve reinforcement learning.
  • CNN is one approach to Deep Learning.
  • Enhanced versions of Neural Networks exist.

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