M240 Machine Gun: Tactics and Characteristics
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Questions and Answers

What criteria could require a SBF position to displace?

Supporting fires masked by supporting unit.

Which of the MG employment principles covers ammo consumption and the amount required to maximize the effects of fire and minimize excessive consumption?

Economy of rounds

What does the acronym ADDRAC stand for and what is it the criteria for?

Alert, Direction, Description, Range, Assignment, Control

Inside displacement criteria, what are the methods of displacement?

<p>Echelon and Unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred method of employment in the offense?

<p>By section</p> Signup and view all the answers

What two missions can be assigned to a MG in the defense?

<p>PRF and FPL</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of fire?

<p>Burst of fire, Trajectory, Cone of fire, Beaten Zone, Dead Space, Danger Space</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the classes of fire with respect to Ground?

<p>Grazing and Plunging</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the classes of fire with respect to target?

<p>Frontal, Flanking, Oblique, Enfilade</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the prescribed distance for MSL's?

<p>15 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

When conducting overhead fire on undulating/un-level terrain, what are the methods to establish an OSL?

<p>Gunner Leader Rule</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fire would be used to suppress a target that requires major changes in direction but not elevation?

<p>Swinging Traverse</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fire would be used on a point target/target that requires little to no manipulation?

<p>Fixed</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is flanking fire?

<p>Delivered against the flank of a target, or at the side or rear of an enemy formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is enfilade fire?

<p>The long axis of the beaten zone coincides or nearly coincides with the long axis of the target.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are fires in support of maneuver?

<p>Beyond maneuver</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are fires in support of isolation?

<p>Maneuver units immediate obj during the assault</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are fires in support of the assault?

<p>Delivered against the most immediate &amp; serious threat to it</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are fires identified as FPL and can only be fired when authorized by the unit commander?

<p>FPF</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are close defensive fires?

<p>immediate threat to the units defense, primary EA</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Displacement Criteria: Masked Fires

Friendly fire masking the target requires displacement.

MG Employment: Economy of Rounds

Using the right amount of ammo to maximize effect while avoiding waste.

ADDRAC Meaning

Alert, Direction, Description, Range, Assignment, Control. Used for fire control.

MORT Meaning

Method, Objective, Route, Time. Used for planning movements.

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Methods of Displacement

Echelon and Unit are methods for displacement.

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Offensive Employment

Employment by section is preferred in the offense.

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MG Missions in Defense

Probable Route of Fire (PRF) and Final Protective Line (FPL).

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Characteristics of Fire

Burst of fire, Trajectory, Cone of fire, Beaten Zone, Dead Space, Danger Space

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M240 Sustained Rate of Fire

100 RPM, sustained rate of fire for the M240.

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M240 Rapid Rate of Fire

200 RPM, rapid rate of fire for the M240.

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M240 Cyclic Rate of Fire

550-650 RPM, cyclic rate of fire for the M240.

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M2A1 Sustained Rate of Fire

40 or less RPM, sustained rate of fire, M2A1.

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M2A1 Rapid Rate of Fire

40 or more RPM, rapid rate of fire, M2A1.

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M2A1 Cyclic Rate of Fire

450-600 RPM, cyclic rate of fire for the M2A1.

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MK19 Sustained Rate of Fire

40 RPM, sustained rate of fire for the MK19.

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MK19 Rapid Rate of Fire

60 RPM, rapid rate of fire for the MK19.

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MK19 Cyclic Rate of Fire

325-375 RPM, cyclic rate of fire for the MK19.

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Classes of Fire: Ground

Grazing and Plunging describe fire in relation to the ground.

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Classes of Fire: Target

Frontal, Flanking, Oblique, Enfilade describe fire in relation to the target.

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Classes of Fire: Gun

Fixed, Traversing, Searching, Searching & Traversing, Swinging Traverse, Free Gun describe fire in relation to the gun.

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MSL Distance

15 degrees is the prescribed distance for MSLs.

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OSL on Uneven Terrain

Gunner Leader Rule is used to establish an OSL on uneven terrain.

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M240 Ranges

800m point, 1800m area, 1800m max effective range for the M240.

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M2A1 Ranges

1500m point, 1830m area, 1830m max effective range for the M2A1.

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MK19 Ranges

1500m point, 2212m area, 2212m max effective range for the MK19.

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Swinging Traverse Fire

Swinging Traverse fire makes major changes in direction, not elevation.

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Fixed Fire

Fixed fire has little or no manipulation and used on point target.

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Flanking Fire

Delivered against the flank of a target.

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Enfilade Fire

The long axis of the beaten zone coincides with the long axis of the target.

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Grazing Fire

When the center of the cone of fire does not rise more than (1) meter above the ground.

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Study Notes

  • A Support By Fire (SBF) position may require displacement if supporting fires are masked by the supporting unit.
  • Economy of rounds is the MG employment principle addressing ammo consumption to maximize fire effects and minimize waste

ADDRAC

  • Acronym for: Alert, Direction, Description, Range, Assignment, Control.
  • It is used for criteria.

MORT

  • Acronym for: Method, Objective, Route, Time.

  • It is used for criteria.

  • Displacement methods include echelon and unit displacement.

  • The preferred method of employment in the offense is by section.

  • Two missions assigned to a MG in the defense are PRF (Principal Direction of Fire) and FPL (Final Protective Line).

  • Characteristics of fire include: Burst of fire, Trajectory, Cone of fire, Beaten Zone, Dead Space, and Danger Space.

M240 Rates of Fire

  • Sustained: 100 RPM, 6-8 round bursts, 4-5 second pause, barrel change every 10 minutes.
  • Rapid: 200 RPM, 6-8 round bursts, 2-3 second pause, barrel change every 2 minutes.
  • Cyclic: 550-650 RPM, barrel change every 1 minute.

M2A1 Rates of Fire

  • Sustained: 40 or less RPM, 6-9 round bursts, 10-15 second pause, barrel change at the end of the day.
  • Rapid: 40 or more RPM, 6-9 round bursts, 5-10 second pause, barrel change every hour.
  • Cyclic: 450-600 RPM, barrel change every 30 minutes.

MK19 Rates of Fire

  • Sustained: 40 RPM, 6-9 round bursts, 10-15 second pause.
  • Rapid: 60 RPM, 6-9 round bursts, 8-10 second pause.
  • Cyclic: 325-375 RPM.

Classes of Fire (Ground)

  • Grazing and Plunging.

Classes of Fire (Target)

  • Frontal, Flanking, Oblique, and Enfilade.

Classes of Fire (Gun)

  • Fixed, Traversing, Searching, Searching & Traversing, Swinging Traverse, and Free Gun.
  • The prescribed distance for MSL's is 15 degrees.
  • When conducting overhead fire on undulating/un-level terrain, use the Gunner Leader Rule to establish an OSL (Obstacle Safe Line).

Maximum Effective Ranges

  • M240: Point: 800m, Area/Max Effective: 1800m.
  • M2A1: Point: 1500m, Area/Max Effective: 1830m.
  • MK19: Point: 1500m, Area/Max Effective: 2212m.
  • Swinging Traverse fire is used to suppress a target requiring major direction changes but not elevation adjustments.
  • Fixed fire is used on a point target/target that requires little to no manipulation.

Types of Fire

  • Flanking fire: Delivered against the flank of a target, or at the side or rear of an enemy formation
  • Enfilade fire: The long axis of the beaten zone coincides or nearly coincides with the long axis of the target.
  • Grazing fire: The center of the cone of fire does not rise more than (1) meter above the ground.
  • Fires in support of maneuver: Beyond maneuver.
  • Fires in support of isolation: Maneuver units immediate objective during the assault
  • Fires in support of consolidation: When units are most vulnerable to enemy counterattack
  • Fires in support of the assault: Delivered against the most immediate & serious threat to it.
  • Long range fires: Interdicting and disrupting the enemy before they reach friendly forces
  • Fires identified as FPL and can only be fired when authorized by the unit commander: FPF (Final Protective Fire)
  • Close defensive fires: respond to the immediate threat to the units defence, primary EA

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Description

Notes on the M240 machine gun including support by fire (SBF) positions, economy of rounds and ADDRAC/MORT criteria. Discussion of displacement methods, offensive employment, and defensive missions such as PRF and FPL. Includes characteristics of fire and M240 rates of fire.

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