Lytic and Lysogenic Cycles

Questions and Answers

What is the lytic cycle?

A viral reproductive cycle that causes the host cell to die (correct)

A viral reproductive cycle where the virus remains dormant

A way for viruses to spread through the environment

A process of viral attachments to host cells

What are the stages of the lytic cycle?

Attachment, Entry, Replication, Assembly, Lysis

What happens during the attachment stage of the lytic cycle?

The virus attaches to a host cell by locking onto a specific receptor.

What occurs during the entry stage of the lytic cycle?

The virus injects its DNA into the host cell. Signup and view all the answers

What is replication in the context of the lytic cycle?

The virus takes over the host cell's metabolic activities to produce new virus parts. Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during the assembly stage of the lytic cycle?

Newly produced viral components are assembled into complete virus particles. Signup and view all the answers

What happens during lysis and release in the lytic cycle?

The host cell bursts open, releasing new virus particles. Signup and view all the answers

What is the lysogenic cycle?

A dormant state where the phage genome is replicated Signup and view all the answers

What is a prophage?

The viral DNA integrated into the host cell's chromosome. Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the transition from the lysogenic cycle to the lytic cycle?

Environmental factors such as mutagens. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Lytic Cycle

A viral reproductive cycle resulting in the death of the host cell.
Involves virulent phages, which reproduce solely through this cycle.

Stages of the Lytic Cycle

Attachment: Virus binds to a specific receptor on the host cell's surface.
Entry: Viral DNA is injected into the host, while the viral coat remains outside.
Replication: Host cell's metabolic functions are hijacked to produce viral components.
Assembly: New viral parts are assembled into complete virus particles.
Lysis and Release: Host cell bursts, releasing new viruses to infect adjacent cells.

Lysogenic Cycle

A viral reproductive cycle where the phage genome replicates without destroying the host cell.
Involves temperate phages capable of switching between lytic and lysogenic cycles.

Silent Phage Genome

When integrated into the host's chromosome, the viral DNA is termed a prophage.
A specific gene on the prophage produces a protein that inhibits transcription of other prophage genes, rendering the viral genome mostly inactive.

Trigger for Cycle Entry

The choice between lytic and lysogenic cycles is influenced by receptor interactions on the host cell membrane.
Environmental factors such as mutagens (e.g., radiation, certain chemicals) can trigger the transition to the lytic cycle by activating the viral genome to exit the bacterial chromosome.

Description

Explore the fascinating processes of viral reproduction through the lytic and lysogenic cycles. This quiz covers the stages of the lytic cycle and introduces the concept of temperate phages in the lysogenic cycle. Test your understanding of viral behaviors and their impact on host cells.