Lymphocytes and Immunity Quiz

Lymphocytes and Antibodies

• Pathogens trigger lymphocytes to produce antibodies, specific to each pathogen, for destruction.
• A delay occurs while the correct lymphocyte is identified, allowing pathogen reproduction and illness.
• Once the correct lymphocyte is identified, pathogen destruction begins, leading to recovery.
• Memory cells are created during this process, enabling swift responses to future infections.

Active Immunity vs. Passive Immunity

• Active immunity is the body's antibody production, triggered by pathogen exposure or vaccination.
• It's long-lasting due to memory cells.
• Passive immunity involves receiving antibodies from an external source (e.g., breastfeeding, injection).
• It provides temporary protection as the body doesn't produce its own antibodies.

Memory Cells

• Active immunity creates memory cells.
• These cells recognize pathogens quickly upon re-exposure, initiating a rapid immune response.
• This prevents illness or severe symptoms.

Passive Immunity

• Passive immunity does not produce memory cells.
• Antibodies are received from external sources (e.g., breastfeeding, injection).
• Protection is temporary as the body doesn't create its own antibodies or memory cells.

Vaccinations

• Vaccinations use weakened or inactive pathogens to trigger an immune response, without illness.
• This process develops memory cells, creating active immunity against the pathogen.
• Vaccinations are administered by injection or orally.
• They are a safe and effective disease prevention method.

Lymphocyte Response to Secondary Infection

• Memory cells quickly recognize and activate the immune response during a secondary infection.
• This response is faster and more effective than the initial infection.
• Active immunity, driven by memory cells, guarantees a swift response to subsequent infections.