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Questions and Answers
What is the potential consequence of transfusing a patient with the incorrect ABO group blood?
What is the potential consequence of transfusing a patient with the incorrect ABO group blood?
Individuals with blood type O are called universal recipients.
Individuals with blood type O are called universal recipients.
False (B)
What is the purpose of testing blood samples before a transfusion?
What is the purpose of testing blood samples before a transfusion?
To check for agglutination
A person who donates blood is called a ______.
A person who donates blood is called a ______.
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Match the following blood types with their correct description:
Match the following blood types with their correct description:
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Who discovered the ABO system of blood grouping?
Who discovered the ABO system of blood grouping?
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Antibodies are carbohydrates produced by red blood cells in response to a foreign substance.
Antibodies are carbohydrates produced by red blood cells in response to a foreign substance.
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What is a person with AB blood type called, due to their ability to receive blood from all types?
What is a person with AB blood type called, due to their ability to receive blood from all types?
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A person with O type of blood group is called _______ donor because it can donate blood to all types.
A person with O type of blood group is called _______ donor because it can donate blood to all types.
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Which blood group has both A and B antigens on the red blood cells?
Which blood group has both A and B antigens on the red blood cells?
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Rh- individuals possess the Rh factor on their red blood cells.
Rh- individuals possess the Rh factor on their red blood cells.
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What is the name of the condition that can occur when an Rh- woman carries an Rh+ fetus?
What is the name of the condition that can occur when an Rh- woman carries an Rh+ fetus?
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Match each blood group with the antibodies present in its plasma:
Match each blood group with the antibodies present in its plasma:
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Flashcards
ABO Blood Group System
ABO Blood Group System
A classification method for human blood based on antigens and antibodies.
Antigens
Antigens
Foreign molecules on red blood cells triggering antibody production.
Antibodies
Antibodies
Proteins in plasma that bind to specific antigens to neutralize them.
Universal Donor
Universal Donor
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Universal Recipient
Universal Recipient
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Rh Factor
Rh Factor
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Erythroblastosis Fetalis
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
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Rh+ and Rh-
Rh+ and Rh-
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Blood Transfusion
Blood Transfusion
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Agglutination Test
Agglutination Test
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Study Notes
Lymphatic System
- The lymphatic system is a network of vessels and nodes in the body.
- Lymph is a colorless or straw-yellow fluid.
- Lymph lacks erythrocytes and hemoglobin.
- Lymph contains a low concentration of plasma proteins.
- Lymph is involved in the exchange of materials between blood and tissues.
- Lymphatic vessels have valves that prevent backflow.
- Lymph nodes filter lymph and contain immune cells.
- Lymph is returned to the bloodstream.
Lymph Flow
- Lymph flow is approximately 1-5 cm² per minute.
- Lymph nodes engulf debris, toxins, pathogens and antibodies.
- Lymph is returned to the blood via the right subclavian vein or thoracic duct.
Lymphatic Organs
- Lymph nodes are enlargements in lymphatic vessels; they filter lymph.
- The spleen is a lymphatic organ attached to the left side of the body.
- The thymus and spleen are lymphatic glands.
Blood vs. Lymph
- Blood is red, lymph is straw-yellow.
- Blood has erythrocytes and haemoglobin, lymph does not.
- Blood flows through vessels, lymph bathes tissues.
- Blood has high plasma proteins, lymph has low.
- Blood carries nutrients and oxygen to tissues, lymph removes wastes.
- Lymphatic capillaries are blind-ended.
Blood Groups
- Blood groups are categorized by antigens on red blood cells.
- Antibodies in plasma recognize foreign antigens.
- ABO system classifies blood into A, B, AB, and O types.
- O type blood can donate to anyone, and AB can receive from anyone.
Blood Transfusion
- Incompatible blood types can lead to dangerous reactions. •Blood compatibility must be checked before a transfusion.
Blood Transfusion Compatibility
- Blood will clump if incompatible blood types are mixed, causing a transfusion reaction.
- Individuals with a blood type can only receive blood from compatible blood types.
Heart
- The heart is a muscular pump.
- The heart is divided into four chambers: two atria and two ventricles.
- Valves within the heart prevent backflow of blood.
- The sinoatrial (SA) node initiates the heartbeat, and the atrioventricular (AV) node regulates ventricular contraction.
- Heart sounds (lub-dub) are created by valve closure.
- The heart has a septum that separates the left and right sides.
- Oxygenated blood travels from the heart to the body (systemic circulation).
- Deoxygenated blood travels from the body to the lungs (pulmonary circulation).
Heart Valves
- Atrioventricular valves (tricuspid and bicuspid) separate the atria from the ventricles.
- Semilunar valves (pulmonary and aortic) are between the ventricles and major arteries.
Blood Vessels
- Arteries carry blood away from the heart.
- Veins carry blood back to the heart.
- Capillaries connect arteries and veins for exchange.
Blood Pressure
- Blood pressure is the force of blood against the artery walls.
- Systolic pressure is the blood pressure when the heart beats.
- Diastolic pressure is the blood pressure when the heart relaxes.
Heart Rate
- Heart rate varies among different animals and between individuals.
- Heart rate is typically measured in beats per minute.
- Physical activity and certain conditions increase heart rate.
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Description
Dive into the fascinating world of the lymphatic system with this quiz. Explore the roles of lymph, lymph nodes, and lymphatic organs, and understand the differences between blood and lymph. Test your knowledge on how lymph circulates and contributes to the immune system.
