Lyme Disease Overview

Zika virus is most commonly transmitted through mosquito bites.

Mosquitos are the primary vectors for Dengue fever.

Rocky Mountain spotted fever is caused by Rickettsiae and presents with a characteristic centripetal rash.

Ebola infection is characterized by internal and external bleeding, often leading to shock.

Zika virus is associated with the development of microcephaly, a serious birth defect.

Weil-Felix test and RT-PCR (real-time polymerase chain reaction) are commonly used to diagnose viral infections transmitted by insects.

Mice are the natural reservoir for Borrelia burgdorferi, the bacterium causing Lyme disease.

Chronic arthritis is a symptom of Stage 2 early disseminated Lyme disease.

Ticks are the vectors for the transmission of Lyme disease.

Doxycycline is commonly used to treat Lyme disease.

Relapsing fever, caused by Borrelia recurrentis, is characterized by fever, an afebrile period, and then a relapse.

Tick-borne encephalitis virus infection can lead to irreversible neurological symptoms such as double vision and dysphagia, difficulty swallowing.

Yellow fever is a viral infection that often presents with muscle aches, red eyes, and multiorgan dysfunction.

Zika virus causes microcephaly, a serious birth defect.

Chikungunya virus and Rickettsiae are both transmitted by the same vector - mosquitos.

Brucella melitensis is a bacterium typically associated with undulant fever, night sweats, and bone and joint disorders.

Togaviruses are enveloped RNA viruses.

Rickettsiae are bacteria that cause diseases like Rocky Mountain spotted fever and endemic typhus.

Mice are the natural reservoir for Borrelia burgdorferi.

Stage 3—late disseminated Lyme disease is characterized by encephalopathy and chronic arthritis.

Ticks are the vectors for tick-borne encephalitis virus, transmitting the virus to humans.

Relapsing fever, caused by Borrelia recurrentis, is transmitted by human lice.

Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses), such as Flaviviruses like Dengue fever, often cause symptoms like joint pain and rash.

Ciprofloxacin is not commonly used to treat Lyme disease.