Lumbar Spine Anatomy

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What type of joints are formed between the articular processes of L5 and S1 vertebrae?

Zygapophysial joints (correct)

Ligamentous joints

Cartilaginous joints

Synovial joints

What is the function of the facets of S1 and the inferior facet of the articular processes of L5 vertebrae?

To resist excessive motion and prevent dislocation of the lumbar vertebra (correct)

To increase the range of motion in the lumbar spine

To increase the flexibility of the lumbosacral joint

To reduce the weight on the lumbosacral joint

What type of movements occur in the lumbosacral joint?

Extension, abduction, and circumduction

Flexion, extension, and lateral flexion (correct)

Rotation, abduction, and adduction

Flexion, extension, and rotation

What is the term for the angle formed by the first sacral segment and the horizontal?

Lumbosacral angle Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of an increase in the lumbosacral angle?

An increase in lordosis of the lumbar curve Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the joint formed by the fifth lumbar vertebra and the first sacral segment?

Lumbosacral joint Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of an increase in the lumbosacral angle on the amount of shearing stress at the lumbosacral joint?

An increase in shearing stress Signup and view all the answers

What determines the size of the lumbosacral angle?

The position of the pelvis Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of the 'neck' in the radiographic picture of the dog?

The vertebral isthmus Signup and view all the answers

Which ligament prevents the anterior slide of the L5 on the S1?

Iliolumbar ligament Signup and view all the answers

What is the attachment point of the iliolumbar ligament on the iliac crest?

Inner lip Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following ligaments is NOT associated with the lumbar region?

Posterior cruciate ligament Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the 'collar' on the radiographic picture of the dog?

It indicates spondylolisthesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of the sacral band of the iliolumbar ligament?

L5 Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the iliolumbar ligament and the thoracolumbar fascia?

The iliolumbar ligament is continuous with the anterior and middle layers of the thoracolumbar fascia Signup and view all the answers

What corresponds to the muzzle in the radiographic picture of the dog?

The transverse process Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the unique shape and size of the lumbar vertebrae?

To support great compressive loads caused by body weight and muscle contraction Signup and view all the answers

What is the orientation of the superior articular facets in the upper lumbar region?

Closest to the sagittal plane Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the mamillary processes?

To provide attachment for the multifidus and medial intertransverse muscles Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the inferior articular facets?

Vertically convex Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of the pedicles in the lumbar vertebrae?

Posterolaterally Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the laminae in the lumbar vertebrae?

Short and broad Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the laminae and pedicles?

To form the posterior and lateral walls of the vertebral canal Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the transverse process in the lumbar vertebrae?

Not mentioned in the text Signup and view all the answers

What is the lumbosacral joint known for in the lumbar spine?

Being the most unstable segment Signup and view all the answers

How many forces can the weight (P) be resolved into?

Two forces Signup and view all the answers

What is the part of the vertebral arch where the forces are transmitted through?

Pars interarticularis Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition known as when the isthmus is fractured?

Spondylolysis Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the body of L5 when the arch is fractured?

It glides inferiorly and anteriorly Signup and view all the answers

What structures retain L5 on the sacrum and prevent further slippage?

Paravertebral muscles and lumbosacral intervertebral disc Signup and view all the answers

What is the cause of pain associated with spondylolisthesis?

Spasm of the paravertebral muscles Signup and view all the answers

What is stretched when the body of L5 glides inferiorly and anteriorly?

Oblique fibres of the lumbosacral intervertebral disc Signup and view all the answers

From which vertebral level does the lateral lumbosacral ligament arise?

L5 Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the lateral lumbosacral ligament and the iliolumbar ligament?

They are partially continuous at their origin points Signup and view all the answers

Where does the posterior layer of the thoracolumbar fascia attach?

Spinous processes and supraspinous ligaments of the thoracic, lumbar, and sacral spines Signup and view all the answers

What is the deepest connection of the posterior layer of the thoracolumbar fascia?

Sacrotuberous ligament Signup and view all the answers

Where do the internal abdominal oblique and transversus abdominal muscles arise from?

Lateral raphe Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of travel of the posterior layer of the thoracolumbar fascia?

Caudally and laterally Signup and view all the answers

What is the texture of the posterior layer of the thoracolumbar fascia?

Large, thick, and fibrous Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the lateral lumbosacral ligament and the anterior sacroiliac ligament?

They blend at their insertion points Signup and view all the answers

What muscles does the posterior layer of the thoracolumbar fascia cover?

Erector spinae muscles Signup and view all the answers

What is the final attachment point of the posterior layer of the thoracolumbar fascia?

Transverse processes of the lumbar spine Signup and view all the answers