Lucy Burns: Women's Suffrage Activist

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Questions and Answers

What was Lucy Burns' connection to Alice Paul?

  • They were childhood friends.
  • They met at a university in Germany.
  • They were both leaders of the suffrage movement.
  • They were arrested together during a protest. (correct)

Which statement best describes Lucy Burns' approach to the suffrage movement?

  • She focused solely on educational reforms instead.
  • She advocated for gradual change through legislation.
  • She actively engaged in militant activism alongside British suffragists. (correct)
  • She believed in peaceful protests and passive resistance.

Where did Lucy Burns attend university?

  • Vassar, Yale, Columbia, and Oxford. (correct)
  • Stanford and Harvard.
  • Princeton and Barnard.
  • Yale and Cambridge.

What was the significance of the phrase 'Deeds, not words' in the context of the suffrage movement?

<p>It emphasized the need for lawmakers to take decisive actions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterized Lucy Burns' physical appearance as she participated in suffrage activities?

<p>Flaming red hair piled atop her head. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of Lucy Burns' actions during her activism?

<p>She threw ink bottles and broke police station windows. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What motivated Lucy Burns to join the suffrage movement after attending a meeting?

<p>The inspiring leadership of Emmeline Pankhurst. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many times was Lucy Burns arrested during her activism?

<p>Three times. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements BEST describes the impact of the "Night of Terror" on the suffrage movement?

<p>It galvanized public support for the suffrage movement, increasing sympathy for their cause. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Lucy's primary motivation for initiating a hunger strike while imprisoned?

<p>To demand the recognition of the suffragists as political prisoners instead of criminals. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the burning of President Wilson's speeches symbolize in the context of this passage?

<p>A symbolic rejection of the hypocrisy between the President's words on democracy and the reality of women's disenfranchisement. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The passage suggests that Lucy's leadership style can best be described as:

<p>Aggressive and unwavering, pushing boundaries and challenging societal norms. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the suffragists' tactics, exemplified by the burning of President Wilson's effigy, impact public opinion?

<p>They generated mixed reactions, with some condemning the actions while others rallied behind the cause. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best illustrates a direct consequence of the "Night of Terror" for the suffragists?

<p>The public outcry against the brutality led to a shift in public opinion, increasing support for suffrage. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Alice Paul's statement, "She was a thousand times more valiant than I", reveal about Lucy's character?

<p>Lucy possessed a fierce determination and unwavering commitment to the suffrage movement despite hardships. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a tactic employed by the suffragists in their pursuit of suffrage?

<p>Using their wealth and influence to fund pro-suffrage political candidates. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes the actions taken by the police during the suffragist parade in Washington, DC, on March 3, 1913?

<p>The police largely ignored the violence against the suffragists, allowing the mobs to harass them. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way did the actions of the suffragists in the visitors' gallery during Wilson's address to Congress differ from their subsequent picketing outside the White House?

<p>The actions in the gallery focused on public shaming, while the picketing aimed for a more direct confrontation with the President. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the immediate consequence of the suffragists' actions in unfurling a banner that compared President Wilson to Germany's Kaiser Wilhelm II?

<p>The suffragists faced increased public scrutiny and were subjected to renewed violence. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which best explains why Alice Paul and Lucy Burns formed their own organization, the Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage?

<p>They disagreed with NAWSA's tactics and wanted to employ more radical methods. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event served as the catalyst for the "Silent Sentinels" picketing outside the White House?

<p>The suffragists' unsuccessful attempt to disrupt President Wilson's address to Congress. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of Lucy Burns' tour through the West?

<p>To persuade voters to oppose candidates who were against women's suffrage. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Lucy Burns' time in prison compare to other suffragists?

<p>She spent more time in prison than any other suffragist. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best encapsulates the overall tone of the passage?

<p>A critical examination of the violence and hostility directed at the suffragists during their protests. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Lucy Burns

A prominent American suffragist who actively participated in the movement for women's right to vote.

Women's Suffrage Movement

The organized effort to gain the right to vote for women.

Emmeline Pankhurst

Emmeline Pankhurst, a prominent British suffragist, inspired Lucy Burns with her militant activism.

Militant Activism

A form of protest involving direct action and defying the law, often used by the British suffragists.

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Civil Disobedience

A protest strategy where individuals deliberately defy the law to draw attention to their cause.

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Arrests and Hunger Strikes in the Women's Suffrage Movement

Lucy Burns actively participated in demonstrations, which led to her arrest multiple times, highlighting her strong commitment to the cause.

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Deeds, not words

The phrase embodying the British suffragists' belief in taking action rather than just talking about it.

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Lucy Burns' Advocacy for Women's Equality

Lucy Burns' participation in the suffrage movement highlighted her strong belief in women's equality.

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The Night of Terror

The night in 1917 when police violently arrested 31 suffragists protesting outside the White House, drastically changing public opinion on their cause.

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Occoquan Workhouse

A prison in Lorton, Virginia where suffragists were sent after the Night of Terror.

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Force Feeding

A forceful feeding method used on Lucy Burns when she refused to eat, involving a tube inserted through the nose.

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Hunger Strike

A form of protest where participants abstain from eating to force political change.

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Watchfires

The protests in the park opposite the White House where suffragists burned Wilson's speeches, mocking his hypocrisy about democracy.

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Burning of an effigy

An effigy of President Wilson burned by suffragists, openly defying his authority.

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Impact of 'The Night of Terror'

The suffragists' actions in the Night of Terror and the subsequent imprisonment and protests drastically shifted public opinion towards them.

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Origin of "Votes for Women!"

The slogan "Votes for Women!" was adopted by American suffragists from their British counterparts.

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Congressional Union vs. NAWSA

Alice Paul and Lucy Burns established the Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage after differing with the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA).

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Washington DC Suffrage Parade

The suffrage parade in Washington DC on March 3, 1913, during President Woodrow Wilson's inauguration was met with violent opposition by mobs of men.

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Lucy Burns' First Arrest

Lucy Burns was arrested for chalking a suffrage message on a sidewalk, marking the start of her activism.

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Silent Sentinels

Lucy Burns led a series of pickets outside the White House known as the "Silent Sentinels", peacefully advocating for woman suffrage.

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Police Brutality Against Suffragists

The "Silent Sentinels" faced escalating police brutality, leading to arrests and imprisonment, including Lucy Burns who spent more time in jail than any other suffragist.

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"Kaiser Wilson" Protest

Picketers at the White House called President Wilson "Kaiser Wilson" during World War I, causing public outrage and leading to a violent attack on Lucy Burns.

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Lobbying President Wilson for Suffrage

The "Silent Sentinels" actively lobbied President Wilson, culminating in a banner demanding his support for women's suffrage.

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Study Notes

Lucy Burns: Activist for Women's Suffrage

  • Lucy Burns, born July 28, 1879, and died December 22, 1966, was a prominent American suffragist.
  • She partnered with Alice Paul in advocating for women's right to vote.
  • In 1909, Burns was arrested in London, during a protest with British suffragists, for slapping a policeman and taking his whistle.
  • She and Alice Paul worked together to create a significant impact in the suffrage movement.
  • They were initially welcomed by the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) but later parted ways to form the Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage.
  • Burns was involved in militant activism, which included disrupting political meetings, window-smashing, and hunger strikes.
  • She was heavily involved in suffragist protests in the US, starting with a significant parade in Washington D.C. in 1913.
  • These activities included her arrests, and prison time.
  • Her political activism continued until 1920, when suffrage rights extended to women across the US.
  • She endured severe treatment in prison, including force-feeding.

Suffrage Protests

  • Suffragists involved in protests faced significant resistance and brutality from the authorities.
  • Violent acts, such as police using force and suffragists throwing items at officials, characterized these protests.
  • These actions were planned to create a larger impact and bring attention to the movement.
  • The movement faced adversity from hostile crowds.
  • Suffragists faced police brutality, arrests, and imprisonment for their activism.
  • Hunger strikes were a significant strategy for drawing attention to their cause.

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