A&P Final Review

Considering anatomical positioning, which term best describes the relative location of the heart to the stomach?

Which of the following structures is classified as part of the appendicular skeleton?

During prolonged exercise on a hot day, the body sweats to maintain a stable internal temperature. This is an example of what?

A patient's blood test reveals significant electrolyte imbalances, leading to impaired nerve function and muscle contractions. This condition reflects a state of:

When you accidentally touch a hot stove, the rapid withdrawal of your hand is primarily due to the activation of which nervous system component?

A researcher is analyzing the composition of the human body. Which element would they find to be the most abundant by mass?

Which statement best describes the concept of metabolism in a biological system?

In the context of cellular biology, what is the primary function of DNA and RNA molecules?

During intense physical activity, which cellular organelle is primarily responsible for meeting the increased energy demands of muscle cells?

What is the main energy source utilized by cells for performing various cellular activities?

Following a head injury, which type of tissue cell would be responsible for removing damaged neurons and cellular debris in the brain?

Which organelle plays a critical role in degrading damaged organelles and cellular waste through enzymatic digestion?

Where is the primary site of genetic control and regulation within a eukaryotic cell?

In a biochemical reaction, what role does a catalyst play?

If a cell is placed in an isotonic solution, what will be the net movement of water across the cell membrane?

In which phase of mitosis do sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles of the cell?

What is the defining characteristic of stem cells that distinguishes them from other cell types in the body?

What is the primary function of synovial fluid found in joints?

What is the main functional difference between dendrites and axons in a neuron?

Which part of a neuron is responsible for transmitting signals away from the cell body?

Which of the following is the primary function of muscle tissue?

Beyond protection, what additional key function does the skin perform in maintaining homeostasis?

A laceration on the skin presents a risk of infection because it acts as a:

Which type of tissue is responsible for transmitting electrical signals throughout the body?

Which component of a cell primarily consists of a gel-like substance?

What underlying physiological process characterizes rheumatoid arthritis?

Which of the following factors primarily contributes to the development of osteoarthritis?

Which bone is the longest and strongest in the human body?

What are the immovable, fibrous joints connecting the bones of the skull called?

During cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), what bone is compressed to circulate blood?

Which type of joint allows movement in multiple planes and axes?

In musculoskeletal anatomy, what term refers to the point of muscle attachment that remains stationary during contraction?

Where is the occipitofrontalis muscle primarily located?

What other health issues can poor posture effect?

What muscle is the common site for intramuscular injections in the buttocks?

A sustained decrease in muscle excitability due to repeated stimulation is known as:

Which set of characteristics accurately describes neurons?

What division oversees all bodily functions?

What specific muscle group extends the leg at the knee joint?

In anatomical terms, the term 'superior' refers to a structure that is positioned below another structure.

The axial skeleton includes the appendages such as arms and legs.

Homeostasis is the term used to describe the body's stable internal environment.

When the body is in a state of unstable equilibrium, it is considered to be in homeostasis.

The motor nervous system is responsible for carrying sensory information from the body to the central nervous system, such as the sensation of heat from touching fire.

Carbon dioxide is the most abundant element in the human body.

Metabolism refers to the anabolic processes that primarily cause significant weight gain.

DNA and RNA molecules are primarily responsible for providing structural support to cells.

The ribosome is the powerhouse of the cell, responsible for generating energy in the form of ATP.

ATP is the form of energy primarily used by cells to perform various cellular activities.

Osteoclasts are the type of tissue that will clean up waste in the nervous system.

Lysosomes are cellular organelles primarily responsible for synthesizing proteins.

The nucleus is the command center of the cell, housing the genetic material and controlling cellular activities.

A catalyst slows down the rate of a chemical reaction.

If the solute concentration is greater inside the cell than outside, water will move into the cell.

During prophase, the nuclear envelope reforms and chromosomes begin to uncoil.

Differentiated cells such as stem cells are capable of differentiating into various cell types in the body.

Serous fluid is a viscous fluid that lubricates the joints, reducing friction during movement.

Dendrites transmit signals away from the cell body, while axons receive signals from other neurons.

The primary function of the bone is protection, while the primary function of the skin is support.

The skin's only function is to protect the body from external elements.

A portal of entry is a break in the skin that allows pathogens to enter the body.

Connective tissue is one of the four principle types of tissue.

The gel-like substance within a cell, outside of the nucleus, is called cytoplasm.

Rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by wear and tear on the joints.

The fibula is a large bone in the arm.

Sutures are fibrous connections located in the skull.

During CPR, the radius is the bone that is pressed during chest compressions.

The shoulder joint is a multi-axial joint, allowing movement in multiple planes.

The origin of a muscle is the point of insertion, where muscle movement occurs.