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Questions and Answers
What determines the number of bits that make up the network portion in an IPv4 or IPv6 address?
What determines the number of bits that make up the network portion in an IPv4 or IPv6 address?
What is a characteristic of routable protocols such as IPv4 and IPv6?
What is a characteristic of routable protocols such as IPv4 and IPv6?
What is the purpose of the netmask in IPv4 and IPv6 addressing?
What is the purpose of the netmask in IPv4 and IPv6 addressing?
What is a difference between IPv4/IPv6 and Ethernet?
What is a difference between IPv4/IPv6 and Ethernet?
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What are the two sections of an IPv4 or IPv6 address?
What are the two sections of an IPv4 or IPv6 address?
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Study Notes
IPv6 Address Types
- Three types of IPv6 addresses: Unicast, Multicast, and Anycast
- Unicast: identifies a single network interface, divided into 64 bits for network and 64 bits for interface
- Multicast: identifies a set of network interfaces, similar to broadcast but doesn't exist in IPv6
- Anycast: identifies a set of interfaces, but packet is delivered to only one address in that set
IPv6 vs IPv4
- Same service ports and protocols (TCP, UDP), but different IP and port representation
- IPv6: [IP address]:port, e.g., [2001:0db8:85a3:08d3:1319:8a2e:0370:7344]:443
- IPv4: IP address:port, e.g., 200.216.10.15:443
- No broadcast feature in IPv6, but similar result can be achieved with ff02::1
- SLAAC (Stateless Address Autoconfiguration) allows IPv6 hosts to self-configure
- TTL (Time to Live) field replaced with "Hop Limit" in IPv6 header
- All IPv6 interfaces have a local link-local address, fe80::/10
Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)
- Network layer protocol in TCP/IP stack
- Analyzes and controls network elements
- Functions: traffic volume control, unreachable destination detection, route redirection, remote host status checking
- Used by ping command
IPv6 Characteristics
- 128-bit address, divided into 8 groups of 16 bits, represented by hexadecimal values
- Address representation: 2001:0db8:85a3:08d3:1319:8a2e:0370:7344
- Address abbreviation rules:
- Reducing strings from 0000 to 0
- Omitting group strings with value 0, but only once in the address
Routed Protocols
- IPv4 and IPv6 are routed or routable protocols
- Allow network designers to control traffic flow
- Ethernet is not a routed protocol
- Routable protocols enable network segmentation, redundancy, and traffic management
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Description
Learn about the three types of IPv6 addresses: Unicast, Multicast, and Anycast. Understand how they identify network interfaces and are used in internet protocols.
