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Questions and Answers
Which bacterial agent is known to cause melioidosis?
Which bacterial agent is known to cause melioidosis?
Chlamydia trachomatis serotype D-K is a common cause of pneumonia in infants.
Chlamydia trachomatis serotype D-K is a common cause of pneumonia in infants.
True
What are the common symptoms associated with a lung abscess?
What are the common symptoms associated with a lung abscess?
Fever, productive cough, and chest pain.
Paragonimus westermani causes __________ hemoptysis.
Paragonimus westermani causes __________ hemoptysis.
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Match the bacterial agents with their respective diseases:
Match the bacterial agents with their respective diseases:
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Which of the following organisms is NOT typically implicated in secondary lung abscesses?
Which of the following organisms is NOT typically implicated in secondary lung abscesses?
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Foul-smelling sputum is often associated with anaerobic lung abscesses.
Foul-smelling sputum is often associated with anaerobic lung abscesses.
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Name one fungal organism that can be implicated in lung infections.
Name one fungal organism that can be implicated in lung infections.
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Which virus is identified as the most important cause of respiratory infections mentioned?
Which virus is identified as the most important cause of respiratory infections mentioned?
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Antibiotics should always be used for treating bronchiolitis regardless of the cause.
Antibiotics should always be used for treating bronchiolitis regardless of the cause.
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What is the mainstay of therapy for lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI)?
What is the mainstay of therapy for lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI)?
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Bacterial respiratory infections may include whooping cough caused by ________ pertussis.
Bacterial respiratory infections may include whooping cough caused by ________ pertussis.
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Match the following lower respiratory tract infections with their characteristics:
Match the following lower respiratory tract infections with their characteristics:
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Which of the following is NOT a recommended treatment for bronchiolitis?
Which of the following is NOT a recommended treatment for bronchiolitis?
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Fungal infections are listed among the types of lower respiratory tract infections.
Fungal infections are listed among the types of lower respiratory tract infections.
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Name one bacterial agent that causes respiratory infections.
Name one bacterial agent that causes respiratory infections.
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Which of the following is a fungal infection associated with lower respiratory tract infections?
Which of the following is a fungal infection associated with lower respiratory tract infections?
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Paragonimus is a type of viral infection affecting the lungs.
Paragonimus is a type of viral infection affecting the lungs.
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What type of bacteria is primarily responsible for atypical pneumonia?
What type of bacteria is primarily responsible for atypical pneumonia?
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The primary cause of pulmonary tuberculosis is __________.
The primary cause of pulmonary tuberculosis is __________.
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Which of the following bacteria is commonly associated with lobar pneumonia?
Which of the following bacteria is commonly associated with lobar pneumonia?
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Match the following types of lung infections with their associated causes:
Match the following types of lung infections with their associated causes:
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Pleural effusion can occur as a complication of bacterial infections.
Pleural effusion can occur as a complication of bacterial infections.
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Name one rare cause of lower respiratory tract infections.
Name one rare cause of lower respiratory tract infections.
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Study Notes
Respiratory Tract Infections
- Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are common; caused by various pathogens.
- The respiratory tract has mechanisms to prevent infection, such as nasal hairs, convoluted passages in the nasal cavity, secretory IgA and other antibacterial agents in respiratory secretions, and cilia and mucous lining in the tracheobronchial tree that trap and clear pathogens. Cough, sneeze and gag reflexes also act as protective mechanisms. Normal flora of the upper respiratory tract can also prevent colonization by pathogenic organisms.
Upper Respiratory Tract Infections (URTIs)
- URTIs involve the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx (throat), epiglottis, and larynx.
- Common pathogens include bacteria such as streptococci, Neisseria, diphtheroids, Moraxella catarrhalis, coagulase-negative staphylococci, anaerobes, Haemophilus, meningococcus, pneumococcus and S. aureus, as well as various viruses (e.g., rhinoviruses, coronaviruses, influenza viruses, parainfluenza viruses, etc.).
- The most frequent organisms in pharyngitis (sore throat or inflammation of the pharynx) are Streptococcus pyogenes and other beta-hemolytic Streptococcus, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, other rare cases such as Arcanobacterium hemolyticum, Fusobacterium necrophorum, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (due to orogenital sexual contact).
Lower Respiratory Tract Infections (LRTIs)
- LRTIs comprise the trachea, bronchi (divided into bronchioles) and lungs, with the surrounding pleura.
- Various agents cause LRTIs. The most common agents of community acquired pneumonia (CAP) include Streptococcus pneumoniae followed by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Chlamydophila pneumoniae and viral pneumonia. Hospital-acquired infections (HAP) are often caused by multi-drug resistant pathogens.
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Description
Test your knowledge on various bacterial and viral agents associated with lower respiratory tract infections. This quiz covers topics such as pneumonia, lung abscesses, and bronchiolitis. Challenge yourself with questions about the causes, symptoms, and treatments related to these respiratory conditions.
