Questions and Answers
What is the lateral bone of the leg?
What is the enlarged distal end of the fibula called?
lateral malleolus
What is the larger of the two bones of the leg?
tibia
What is known as the anterior border of the tibia?
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What is the conical projection at the head of the fibula called?
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What is the large process at the distal end of the tibia?
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What are the two prominent processes on the proximal end of the tibia called?
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What are the two peak-like processes arising from the intercondylar eminence?
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What is the sharp projection between the two superior articular surfaces?
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What is the prominent process on the anterior surface of the tibia, just below the condyles?
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What is a benign lesion of cortical bone called?
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What is a fluid-filled cyst with a wall of fibrous tissue?
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What condition involves thick, soft bone marked by bowing, clubfoot, and fractures?
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What condition is characterized by the softening of the bones due to a vitamin D deficiency?
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What is a benign bone tumor projection with a cartilaginous cap called?
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What is the incomplete separation or avulsion of the tibial tuberosity known as?
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What is the lucent lesion typically found in the metaphysis of the distal femur called?
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What refers to the abnormal twisting of the foot, usually inward and downward?
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What is the hereditary form of arthritis called where uric acid is deposited in joints?
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What type of fracture involves avulsion of the medial malleolus with the loss of the ankle mortise?
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How many bones are found in one lower limb?
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How many phalanges are found in the foot?
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How many metatarsals are found in the foot?
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How many tarsals are found in the ankle?
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How many interphalangeal articulations does one foot have?
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What type of movement do the interphalangeal joints permit?
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What type of joint is an interphalangeal joint?
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With what do the heads of metatarsals articulate?
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What is included in the forefoot?
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What is included in the midfoot?
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What is included in the hindfoot?
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Which metatarsal has a tuberosity that is prominent at its base?
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Which tarsal bone comprises the heel of the foot?
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Which is the largest of the tarsal bones?
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Which tarsal bone articulates superiorly on the calcaneus?
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Which tarsal bone is located between the calcaneus and the 4th & 5th metatarsals?
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Which tarsal bone is lateral from the cuneiforms?
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Which tarsal bone is located between the talus and the cuneiforms?
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Name the tarsal bones that articulate with metatarsals.
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Which tarsal bone forms part of the ankle joint?
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Name the two bones of the leg.
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Name the lateral bone of the leg.
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Name the smaller of the bones of the leg.
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What other term refers to the tibial spine?
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Which tibial condyle has a facet for articulation with the head of the fibula?
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Name the large bony process that extends both medially and inferiorly from the distal end of the tibia.
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Study Notes
Lower Limbs Key Concepts
- Fibula: The lateral bone of the leg, smaller than the tibia.
- Lateral Malleolus: Enlarged distal end of the fibula, part of the ankle.
Tibia Information
- Tibia: The larger of the two bones in the leg, supports more weight.
- Tibial Crest: Anterior border of the tibia, serves as a muscle attachment.
- Medial Malleolus: Large process at the distal end of the tibia, contributes to the ankle joint.
Proximal Tibia Features
- Condyles: Two prominent processes on the proximal end of the tibia, involved in knee joint articulation.
- Tubercles: Two peaklike projections arising from the intercondylar eminence, providing further stability.
- Intercondylar Eminence: Sharp projection between the superior articular surfaces.
Additional Features and Conditions
- Tibial Tuberosity: Prominent process on the anterior surface below the condyles.
- Osteoid Osteoma: A benign lesion found in cortical bone.
- Bone Cyst: A fluid-filled cyst with a fibrous wall, affecting bone density.
Pathological Conditions
- Paget Disease: Thick, soft bone characterized by bowing, clubfoot, and fractures.
- Osteomalacia: Softening of bones (rickets) due to vitamin D deficiency.
- Osteochondroma: Benign bone tumor projection with a cartilaginous cap.
Injuries and Anomalies
- Osgood-Schlatter Disease: Incomplete separation or avulsion of the tibial tuberosity.
- Osteoclastoma: Lucent lesion in the metaphysis, typically found in the distal femur.
- Congenital Foot Deformities: Abnormal twisting of the foot, often inward and downward.
Joint and Bone Structure
- Gout: Hereditary form of arthritis caused by uric acid deposits in joints.
- Pott Fracture: Avulsion fracture of the medial malleolus resulting in loss of the ankle mortise.
Bone Count in the Lower Limb
- Lower Limb Bones: A total of 30 bones are found in one lower limb.
- Phalanges in Foot: There are 14 phalanges on a single foot.
- Metatarsals: The foot contains 5 metatarsals.
- Tarsals: A total of 7 tarsals are present in the ankle.
Foot Structure
- Interphalangeal Articulations: One foot has 9 interphalangeal articulations, allowing flexion and extension movements.
- Joint Classification: Interphalangeal joints are classified as hinge joints.
Component Breakdown
- Forefoot: Comprised of metatarsals and phalanges.
- Midfoot: Includes cuneiforms, cuboid, and navicular bones.
- Hindfoot: Contains the talus and calcaneus.
Key Tarsal Focus
- 5th Metatarsal: Features a prominent tuberosity at its base.
- Calcaneus: The largest tarsal bone that forms the heel and articulates with the talus.
- Cuboid: Located between the calcaneus and the 4th & 5th metatarsals, and is also lateral to the cuneiforms.
- Talus: The only tarsal bone that forms part of the ankle joint.
Interaction of Bones
- Tibial Articulation: The undersurface of the tibia articulates with the talus, playing a key role in ankle stability.
- Articulation of Metatarsals: The heads of metatarsals articulate with proximal phalanges.
- Facets on Tibial Condyle: The lateral condyle has a facet for articulation with the head of the fibula.
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Description
This quiz covers key concepts of the lower limbs, focusing on the fibula and tibia. Explore their anatomy, features, and associated conditions, including important processes and articulations. Perfect for students studying human anatomy or preparing for medical exams.
