Podcast
Questions and Answers
What type of loss refers to the loss that is acknowledged by others but not necessarily felt by the individual?
What type of loss refers to the loss that is acknowledged by others but not necessarily felt by the individual?
Which stage in Engel's stages of grief involves coming to terms with the impact of the loss?
Which stage in Engel's stages of grief involves coming to terms with the impact of the loss?
In Kubler-Ross's five stages of death, which stage is characterized by the feeling of profound sadness and despair?
In Kubler-Ross's five stages of death, which stage is characterized by the feeling of profound sadness and despair?
What is NOT considered a clinical sign of impending death?
What is NOT considered a clinical sign of impending death?
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Which aspect is NOT integral to achieving a 'good' death?
Which aspect is NOT integral to achieving a 'good' death?
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What type of loss happens as individuals transition from one life stage to another?
What type of loss happens as individuals transition from one life stage to another?
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Which stage of Engel’s stages of grief focuses on finding a way to cope with and move beyond the loss?
Which stage of Engel’s stages of grief focuses on finding a way to cope with and move beyond the loss?
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What is the term used for the type of loss that is associated with the anticipation of losing someone or something?
What is the term used for the type of loss that is associated with the anticipation of losing someone or something?
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What is the primary goal of palliative care?
What is the primary goal of palliative care?
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Which of the following is NOT part of the Dying Person’s Bill of Rights?
Which of the following is NOT part of the Dying Person’s Bill of Rights?
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What does unresolved grief often indicate in end-of-life care?
What does unresolved grief often indicate in end-of-life care?
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Which of the following is NOT considered an end-of-life directive?
Which of the following is NOT considered an end-of-life directive?
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Which factor does NOT generally affect loss, grief, and dying?
Which factor does NOT generally affect loss, grief, and dying?
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Advance directives are important in end-of-life care because they:
Advance directives are important in end-of-life care because they:
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Involvement of loved ones in care planning during end-of-life is significant because:
Involvement of loved ones in care planning during end-of-life is significant because:
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Which of the following aspects is essential in providing physiological care for a dying patient?
Which of the following aspects is essential in providing physiological care for a dying patient?
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What is an important psychological aspect of caring for a dying patient?
What is an important psychological aspect of caring for a dying patient?
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What does inhibited grief refer to in the context of dying?
What does inhibited grief refer to in the context of dying?
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Which of the following statements best describes hospice care?
Which of the following statements best describes hospice care?
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Which statement accurately reflects a spiritual care aspect for a dying patient?
Which statement accurately reflects a spiritual care aspect for a dying patient?
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Which ethical consideration is highlighted by the ANA position statement regarding end-of-life care?
Which ethical consideration is highlighted by the ANA position statement regarding end-of-life care?
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Which of the following is NOT typically included in end-of-life issues?
Which of the following is NOT typically included in end-of-life issues?
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What is a primary consideration when teaching a family to care for a dying patient?
What is a primary consideration when teaching a family to care for a dying patient?
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Which of the following is often a common emotional experience for dying patients?
Which of the following is often a common emotional experience for dying patients?
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Study Notes
Loss, Grief, and Dying
- Loss can be actual or perceived, physical or psychological, maturational, or situational.
- Anticipatory loss is also a type of loss.
Engel's Stages of Grief
- Shock and disbelief
- Developing awareness
- Restitution
- Resolving the loss
- Idealization
- Outcome
Kubler-Ross Five Emotional Stages of Death
- Denial and isolation
- Anger
- Bargaining
- Depression
- Acceptance
Signs of Impending Death
- Weakness
- Changes in body temperature and vital signs
- Confusion
- Reduced socialization
- Increased sleep
- Changes in toilet habits
- Changes in skin
What is a "Good" Death?
- Guided by individual preferences (values)
- Interdisciplinary coordinated care addressing patient and loved ones
- Symptom relief (all kinds)
- Meeting evolving needs (physical, emotional, social, spiritual)
- Patient and loved ones involved in care planning
Grief Reaction
- Can vary widely
- Can be resolved, unresolved, or inhibited (suppressed)
Ethical and Legal Issues in End-of-Life Care
- Advance directives
- Physician orders
- Assisted suicide
- Euthanasia
- Palliative care
Dying Person's Bill of Rights
- Patients have the right to refuse treatment.
Terminal Illness' Impact
- Natural and personal
- Goal is best possible quality of life
- Aggressive symptom management
- Hospice considers if death is expected in 6 months
Palliative Care
- Addresses patient and family needs
- Includes body, mind, spirit, heart, and soul
Advance Directives
- Do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order
- Comfort measures only
- Do not hospitalize
End-of-Life Issues
- Death certificate
- Organ donation
- Autopsy
- Funeral arrangements
Factors Affecting Loss, Grief, and Dying
- Age
- Family relationships
- Socioeconomic position
- Cultural factors
- Gender
- Religious influences
- Cause of death
Physiological Care of a Dying Patient and Their Family
- Personal hygiene
- Pain control
- Nutritional and fluid needs
- Movement
- Elimination
- Respiratory care
- Teaching family to provide care
Psychological Care of a Dying Patient and Their Family
- Teach family how to provide care
- Teach patient and family expectations
- Help patient achieve goals
- Provide nonjudgmental listening and support
- Discuss work, hobbies, friendships, and family activities
- Address fears, isolation, intimacy
Spiritual Care of a Dying Patient and Their Family
- Addresses religion, faith, and meaning of life
- Helps find meaning and purpose
Nursing Process
- Assessment
- Diagnosis
- Outcomes
- Interventions
- Evaluation
Nursing Process: Assessment
- Patient and family knowledge, perceptions, coping strategies, and resources
Nursing Process: Diagnosis
- Ineffective coping
- Anticipatory grieving
- Denial
- Avoidance
- Survivor's guilt
- Hopelessness
- Self-neglect
- Prolonged bereavement
- Spiritual distress
- Compromised family coping
- Insufficient support system
- Complicated grief
Nursing Process: Outcomes
- Quality care at the end of life
- Hope
- Control
- Recognition
- Support
- Comfort
- Preparation
- Acceptance
Nursing Process: Interventions
- Provide information
- Offer support
- Referrals
- Mediate conflict
- Ask questions
- Share information
- Explain condition and treatment
- Encourage self-care, independence, and self-esteem
- Open communication
Post-Mortem Care
- Normal anatomic position
- Removed tubes and lines (if no autopsy)
- Soiled dressings replaced
- Bathing (sometimes)
- Identification tags
- Dentures, prosthetics labeled and sent with patient's bag
The Nurse's Role in Family Care Post-Mortem
- Support for family
- Listening to expressions of grief; loss, and helplessness
- Offering solace and support
- Assist in contacting other family members
- Contact coroner and funeral home
- Encourage reflection and honoring of deceased
- Offer clergy
Self-Care
- Hobbies
- Family
- Happiness
- Safe place
- Guided imagery
- Exercise
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Description
Explore the intricate topics of loss and grief through various models, including Engel's and Kubler-Ross's stages. This quiz covers anticipatory loss, signs of impending death, and the characteristics of a 'good' death. Deepen your understanding of the emotional reactions to grief and the care processes involved.
