Questions and Answers
The sermons of Lord Mahavira were compiled in the form of 12 volumes by himself.
False
The 12 Angas of Jainism's religious philosophy are written in Sanskrit language.
False
The Aryan settlements expanded to the west in the sixth century BC.
False
Materialism and spiritualism existed separately in the sixth century BC.
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Tools and implements made of copper enabled people to clear forests in the later Vedic Period.
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The surplus production of food grains was utilised by the people in the villages who specialised in various arts and crafts.
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The Janapadas were smaller and more powerful kingdoms.
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The sixth century BC saw the emergence of thinkers like Aristotle in Greece.
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The 12 Angas of Jainism's religious philosophy cover aspects of life like wars and battles.
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The Angas are mainly the sacred books for the Digambar section of Jain religion.
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Study Notes
Lord Mahavira and Jainism
- Lord Mahavira's sermons were compiled into 12 volumes by his disciples after the first Jain Council.
- These volumes are written in Prakrit language and are referred to as the 12 Angas of Jainism's religious philosophy.
- The Angas cover various aspects of life, including religious rituals, householder stages, chastity vows, rules of conduct, and other Jain philosophical concepts.
- The Angas are sacred books for the Shwetambar section of Jain religion and discuss how to live a pure life and attain enlightenment after death.
The Sixth Century BC: A Period of Change
- The sixth century BC saw the expansion of Aryan settlements to the east, accompanied by rapid socio-economic and political changes.
- This period was marked by the coexistence of materialism and spiritualism.
- The use of iron tools and implements enabled people to clear forests, bring more land under cultivation, and lead a settled life.
- Surplus food production led to the growth of towns, specialization in arts and crafts, and the emergence of powerful kingdoms.
The Emergence of Janapadas and Mahajanapadas
- The expansion of settlements led to wars between different tribes, resulting in the defeat of smaller tribes by larger ones.
- The larger tribes expanded their territory and created large kingdoms called Janapadas.
- A number of Janapadas joined together to form bigger and more powerful independent kingdoms called Mahajanapadas.
A Period of Intellectual and Religious Reform
- The sixth century BC was an important epoch in world history, marked by the emergence of thinkers like Zarathustra, Confucius, Mahavira, and Gautama Buddha.
- In India, this period saw the challenge and rejection of orthodox religious beliefs and practices by new sects, including Jainism and Buddhism, which emerged as the most potent religious reform movements.
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Description
Explore the life and teachings of Lord Mahavira, the founder of Jainism, and the 12 Angas of Jainism's religious philosophy. Learn about the sacred texts, rituals, and philosophical concepts that shape the Jain religion.
