Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which logical fallacy is exemplified by the statement: 'This investment is guaranteed to be profitable because reputable sources confirm its guaranteed profitability'?
Which logical fallacy is exemplified by the statement: 'This investment is guaranteed to be profitable because reputable sources confirm its guaranteed profitability'?
- Belief versus facts
- Circular reasoning (correct)
- Confusing 'is' for 'ought'
- Confusing possibility, probability, and certainty
The argument 'Animal testing has always been practiced; therefore, it is ethically acceptable' commits which type of logical fallacy?
The argument 'Animal testing has always been practiced; therefore, it is ethically acceptable' commits which type of logical fallacy?
- Belief versus facts
- Circular reasoning
- Confusing 'is' for 'ought' (correct)
- Confusing 'probability' for 'certainty'
What fallacy is demonstrated in the statement: 'Many people think climate change is a hoax, so it must not be a real threat'?
What fallacy is demonstrated in the statement: 'Many people think climate change is a hoax, so it must not be a real threat'?
- Appeal to Authority
- Circular reasoning
- Confusing possibility, probability, and certainty
- Belief versus facts (correct)
Which fallacy assumes that because an event is possible, its occurrence is inevitable?
Which fallacy assumes that because an event is possible, its occurrence is inevitable?
Identify the logical flaw in the statement: 'This policy is beneficial because it enhances overall wellness, and we know it enhances wellness because it's a beneficial policy'.
Identify the logical flaw in the statement: 'This policy is beneficial because it enhances overall wellness, and we know it enhances wellness because it's a beneficial policy'.
The argument 'Historically, democracies have often engaged in conflicts; therefore, initiating military interventions is acceptable for democracies today' is an example of which fallacy?
The argument 'Historically, democracies have often engaged in conflicts; therefore, initiating military interventions is acceptable for democracies today' is an example of which fallacy?
Which logical fallacy is evident when someone argues, 'Most people think that eating organic food is healthier, so it must be the superior choice'?
Which logical fallacy is evident when someone argues, 'Most people think that eating organic food is healthier, so it must be the superior choice'?
Consider the statement: 'There's a chance this new drug might cure the disease; therefore, it will definitely eradicate the disease.' Which fallacy is present?
Consider the statement: 'There's a chance this new drug might cure the disease; therefore, it will definitely eradicate the disease.' Which fallacy is present?
Identify the flaw in reasoning: 'This book is reliable because it contains accurate information, and we know the information is accurate because the book is reliable'.
Identify the flaw in reasoning: 'This book is reliable because it contains accurate information, and we know the information is accurate because the book is reliable'.
The statement 'Humans have always consumed animal products; therefore, it is ethically justifiable to continue doing so' exhibits which sort of fallacy?
The statement 'Humans have always consumed animal products; therefore, it is ethically justifiable to continue doing so' exhibits which sort of fallacy?
Flashcards
Circular Reasoning
Circular Reasoning
Presenting a conclusion that is simply a restatement of a premise.
Confusing "is" for "ought"
Confusing "is" for "ought"
Deriving conclusions that assume value judgments based on premises that are only factual.
Belief v. Facts
Belief v. Facts
Assuming that because people believe X, that X is true.
Confusing possibility, probability, and certainty
Confusing possibility, probability, and certainty
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Study Notes
- Study notes on logical fallacies
Circular Reasoning
- A conclusion is presented that is a restatement of a premise
- Everything in the holy book must be true because the holy book cannot say anything false
Confusing "is" for "ought"
- This is where conclusions are derived that assume value judgements based on premises that are only factual
- Historically, humans have always fought wars, therefore military conflict is an acceptable way to resolve international disputes
Belief v. Facts
- This assumes that because people believe X, that X is true e.g. because X is true, people must believe or be aware of X
- Most people believe the violent crime rate has increased this year, so the government needs to do something about this increased violent crime rate
Confusing Possibility, Probability, and Certainty
- This assumes that because something is possible, it is probable or certain
- Because something is probable, it is certain
- The professor might dislike me because I don't share her political opinions, therefore the professor dislikes me
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