Logic: Hypothetical Syllogisms Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the name for a syllogism that uses only hypothetical statements?

  • Categorical syllogism
  • Disjunctive syllogism
  • Hypothetical syllogism (correct)
  • Conditional syllogism

    • In a hypothetical statement 'If P then Q', what is 'P' referred to as?

  • The subject
  • The predicate
  • The antecedent (correct)
  • The consequent

    • Which of the following accurately represents the structure of a pure hypothetical syllogism?

  • P → Q, Q → R, ∴ R → P
  • P → Q, Q → R, ∴ P → R (correct)
  • P → Q, R → Q, ∴ P → R
  • P → Q, P → R, ∴ Q → R

    • What type of categorical syllogism does a hypothetical syllogism of the form 'P → Q, Q → R ∴ P → R' correspond to?

    <p>AAA-1 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hypothetical statements combine how many categorical statements?

    <p>Two (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a hypothetical statement, what is the term for the statement following 'then'?

    <p>Consequent (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a mixed hypothetical syllogism?

    <p>An argument combining hypothetical and categorical statements. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name for the valid argument form: If P then Q, P, Therefore Q?

    <p>Modus Ponens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Given the statements: If it rains, then the ground is wet. It is raining. Using Modus Ponens, what is the valid conclusion?

    <p>The ground is wet. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents the formal structure of Modus Ponens?

    <p>$P \implies Q$, $P$, $\therefore Q$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best represents the structure of a modus ponens argument?

    <p>If P then Q; P; Therefore, Q (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the conclusion in the following modus tollens argument: If it is raining, then the ground is wet. The ground is not wet. Therefore...?

    <p>It is not raining. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What error in reasoning is demonstrated by the fallacy of affirming the consequent?

    <p>Assuming the truth of the antecedent based on the true conclusion. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which propositional logic symbol represents "not"?

    <p>¬ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a valid form of the argument called modus tollens?

    <p>If P then Q; Not Q; Therefore, Not P (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which logical fallacy is committed when one concludes that because the consequent is true, the antecedent must also be true?

    <p>Affirming the Consequent (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Latin term 'non sequitur' refer to?

    <p>An argument where the conclusion does not logically follow the premises (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Given the statement: 'If it rains, the ground is wet,' which fallacy is demonstrated by concluding that 'Since it did not rain, therefore the ground is not wet'?

    <p>Denying the Antecedent (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of the logical fallacies 'Affirming the Consequent', and 'Denying the Antecedent'?

    <p>They are both examples of <em>non sequitur</em> arguments (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a conditional statement 'If P, then Q', which argument structure is an example of 'Affirming the Consequent'?

    <p>Q is true, therefore P is true (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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