Locomotives and Rolling Stock Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What does the term 'Locomotive' refer to?

  • A wheeled vehicle that runs on railway lines
  • A device used to allow a train to switch tracks
  • A self-propelled motive power unit (correct)
  • The movement of rolling stock within a yard

    • Which of the following defines 'Shunting'?

  • The movement and positioning of rolling stock within the yard (correct)
  • A person responsible for work activities
  • The control of movement in the direction of travel
  • A wooded device placed under the wheel to prevent movement

    • What is the primary role of the Person In Charge (PIC)?

  • To control movements in a terminal or port
  • To operate switches within a yard
  • To manage rolling stock maintenance
  • To determine a safe system of work (correct)

    • What is referred to as 'Scotch' in railway terms?

    <p>A device placed under the wheel to prevent movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the term 'Track'?

    <p>The rails on which a train or vehicle moves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the abbreviation EOT stand for?

    <p>End-of-Train Device</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the acronym PPE represent in the railway context?

    <p>Personal Protective Equipment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to the system that manages railway traffic in Europe?

    <p>ERTMS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term represented by the abbreviation DG?

    <p>Dangerous Goods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the acronym OCC refer to in railway operations?

    <p>Operations Control Centre</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main responsibility of Groundstaff regarding the Operations Handbook?

    <p>Fully understand and adhere to the outlined procedures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should Groundstaff approach the implementation of safety measures?

    <p>Incorporate them into daily operations consistently</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is expected of Groundstaff in terms of compliance with the Operations Handbook?

    <p>Adapt to updates while maintaining continuous compliance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what situation should Groundstaff communicate with Terminal Masters?

    <p>When encountering uncertainties or challenges regarding procedures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of Groundstaff?

    <p>Updating the handbook based on personal experience</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Groundstaff are responsible for understanding the procedures in the Operations Handbook.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Groundstaff do not need to communicate with Terminal Masters if they encounter uncertainties about the procedures.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Groundstaff are expected to continuously comply with the handbook's procedures.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Safety measures outlined in the handbook can be ignored during train operations.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Groundstaff play a minimal role in contributing to operational reliability.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What minimum PPE is required when working on or about the railway?

    <p>High-visibility vest/jacket and steel-toed boots</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which item is NOT necessary to carry while on duty?

    <p>Personal laptop</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be included in your personal equipment while on duty?

    <p>Site method of work documentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important requirement for PPE vests/jackets/coats?

    <p>They must be kept clean and in good condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which publications must be maintained and carried while on duty?

    <p>SAR rule book and site method of work documentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    High-visibility vests must be worn at all times while working on or about the railway.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Steel-toed boots are optional protection when working on the railway.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    It is not necessary to carry your company ID while on duty.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    PPE garments must be kept clean and in good condition to be effective.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Copies of the SAR rule book are optional when on duty.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered a potential danger of being tired at work?

    <p>Decreased ability to judge speed and distance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What immediate action can help increase alertness if feeling drowsy?

    <p>Have a drink of cold water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a sign of drowsiness?

    <p>Yawning repeatedly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a sensible precaution when working in a hot climate?

    <p>Dress in light clothing and stay hydrated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if someone feels unable to manage their drowsiness or fatigue?

    <p>Inform a Manager or Supervisor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best way to prepare before reporting for duty?

    <p>Ensure adequate rest beforehand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What could being tired at work potentially affect aside from concentration?

    <p>Emotional stability and risk-taking behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical risk associated with returning to work after an extended leave or illness?

    <p>Unfamiliarity with new procedures and policies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step to take when making an emergency call to the OCC?

    <p>Say: 'This is an Emergency Call'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following actions should be taken before allowing any train movement?

    <p>Confirm 100% understanding of given instructions by both parties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is NOT part of the information to provide during a Rail Dangerous Goods emergency call?

    <p>Description of the weather at the time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if an incident involving Dangerous Goods is determined to be minor?

    <p>Do not alert the OCC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct procedure if a train controller needs to confirm an emergency message?

    <p>They should repeat back the message to the caller</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phonetic alphabet code corresponds to the letter 'T'?

    <p>TANGO</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In communicating location, which method should be used to prevent misunderstandings?

    <p>Use of the phonetic alphabet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When an emergency call is made, which information should NOT be included?

    <p>Training history of the caller</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what circumstances is the use of mobile phones allowed while at work?

    <p>If it relates directly to your duties and you are not distracting the driver.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a crucial initial step before using a radio or GSM-R handset?

    <p>Press the ‘speak’ button before starting to talk.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be ensured regarding the radio before beginning work?

    <p>It must be adjusted to the correct frequency with sufficient battery power.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is appropriate for communication when radios are not available?

    <p>Using hand signals, provided there is clear understanding among parties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is essential to do when speaking on the radio to avoid misunderstandings?

    <p>Repeat important messages back for confirmation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which communication practices should be avoided when using the radio?

    <p>Using slurred speech or hesitation sounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do if you do not understand a message received over the radio?

    <p>Ask the sender to repeat the message for clarity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what situation is the use of hand signals permitted during shunting operations?

    <p>When a mutual agreement is reached between all involved parties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A driver must restart a train without instruction if there is a break in transmission.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When propelling over a long distance, countdown to stop should be given in meters.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    It is acceptable to interrupt radio communication during shunting at any time if you have important information.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In case of a dangerous situation, one should say 'EMERGENCY STOP, STOP, STOP' before explaining the problem.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    It is necessary to give the driver a controlled countdown when approaching a stopping point.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a necessary action to take when going between rail vehicles?

    <p>Wait until the vehicles have stopped completely.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do when crossing the track near stationary vehicles?

    <p>Maintain a distance of 7m from any stationary vehicles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a safe practice during shunting operations?

    <p>Getting on or off a moving rail vehicle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the responsibilities of the Yard Master or Terminal Team Leader regarding personnel safety?

    <p>Maintain a dialogue with personnel to clarify actions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is it permissible to ride on a rail vehicle during shunting operations?

    <p>When you are on a loco.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one critical factor to assess before commencing any shunting movement?

    <p>All relevant information about the current working conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect should be checked to minimize the risk of derailment during a movement?

    <p>Condition and alignment of all switches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done regarding switches before a train movement?

    <p>Ensure they are set correctly for the direction of travel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the risk of collision in the yard be reduced?

    <p>By communicating effectively with others working in the yard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be confirmed regarding lighting conditions before proceeding with any shunting movement?

    <p>That light conditions are optimal and safe for the movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be monitored to ensure safety when moving vehicles with isolated brakes?

    <p>The degraded mode of working and related safety protocols</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to check for any obstacles fouling the track before a movement?

    <p>To prevent potential collisions or derailments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a vital aspect to communicate with team members prior to a movement?

    <p>The purpose and control measures for the upcoming movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for ensuring the required number of handbrakes are applied to stabled wagons?

    <p>To prevent uncontrolled movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action should be taken when visibility is degraded while approaching a hazard?

    <p>Reduce speed appropriately</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In controlling a propelling movement, when is it acceptable to ride on the designated platform of the leading Loco?

    <p>Only if the safety barrier is functional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the required frequency of communication while controlling a propelling movement?

    <p>Every 5 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done before buffering up to wagons or a locomotive?

    <p>Confirm that they are correctly secured</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first action to take before coupling a wagon or locomotive?

    <p>Ensure the vehicles are at least 5 meters apart.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    After coupling, what is essential to verify to ensure proper locking?

    <p>Perform a pull test by instructing the driver to draw forward.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which step should be taken before touching the ICC during the coupling sequence?

    <p>Inform the driver that the train-line power is switched off.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action is necessary before uncoupling a wagon or locomotive?

    <p>Ensure the vehicles have completely stopped.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done to assist coupling, especially when working on a curve?

    <p>Open the jaws on both wagons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be done after disconnecting the ICC during the uncoupling process?

    <p>Immediately close the air cocks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you avoid doing when the couplers are misaligned?

    <p>Stand in the area between the vehicles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct sequence for connecting the air pipes after coupling?

    <p>Connect Door Air Pipe, then Brake Air Pipe, followed by ICC.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of Dangerous Goods includes Molten Sulfur when classified as a flammable solid?

    <p>Class 4: Other Flammables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hazardous gas does Sulfur release when it reacts with hydrocarbons at high temperatures?

    <p>Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Phosphoric Acid is classified under which hazard class?

    <p>Class 8: Corrosive Substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a potential risk associated with transporting Dangerous Goods?

    <p>Creating new elements during transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the classification of Dangerous Goods primarily determined?

    <p>According to their physical characteristics and properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What adverse symptoms can occur from the ingestion of molten sulfur?

    <p>Toxic if swallowed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following symptoms is NOT associated with inhaling phosphoric acid?

    <p>Digestive tract burns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential effect of prolonged skin contact with molten sulfur?

    <p>Severe irritation and redness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What serious risk is associated with the inhalation of phosphoric acid?

    <p>Respiratory tract irritation leading to coughing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following symptoms indicates serious exposure to phosphoric acid?

    <p>Digestive tract burns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first action terminal staff should take in the event of an incident?

    <p>Notify the OCC by the quickest means</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a necessary precaution when responding to an incident involving dangerous goods?

    <p>Gather and maintain transport documents for emergency services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the safety distance to be maintained for a fire incident?

    <p>800 meters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should personnel do regarding hazardous substances during an incident?

    <p>Stay up-wind of any spillage or smoke</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action should be taken regarding personal protective equipment (PPE) after leaving a contaminated area?

    <p>Dispose of contaminated clothing safely</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum duration for flushing eyes after exposure?

    <p>15 minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which piece of protective equipment is NOT required at a DG incident?

    <p>Ear Protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done immediately after skin exposure to harmful substances?

    <p>Flush with water for at least 20 minutes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action to take in case of ingestion of harmful substances?

    <p>Drink plenty of water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which item is NOT part of the tank wagon inspection checklist?

    <p>Inspect the tires for tread.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a situation of inhalation exposure, what is a recommended immediate action?

    <p>Remove the victim to fresh air.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of clothing is required at a DG incident?

    <p>Long sleeved shirts and long trousers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If contaminated clothing is present during skin exposure, what should be done?

    <p>Remove it immediately.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ICC cable runs the length of a train and provides a data link between the Head End Unit and the CCID for each wagon.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ICC cable operates at 110v, providing electrical power to each wagon's CCID and the EOT.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Before connecting ICC cables, the train line power must be switched off or the connection between the locomotive and wagons must be broken.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Each inter-car connector must have only one locking indicator for proper connection.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To disconnect the ICC cable, you need to depress the spring tab button and pull the connectors apart.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A steady LED light on a CCID indicates that the internal batteries are being used.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Overlay manifold provides full control of the brakes when operating in conventional mode.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The EOT device does not require train-line power in RUN mode.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When communication is lost with the EOT, the train brakes are automatically applied.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Conventional mode of brake operation requires that the EOT be present.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The handle must be turned counterclockwise to secure the EOT Device to the coupler.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To remove the EOT Device, the train-line Power must be on.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The EOT may activate the High Visibility Marker due to ambient light conditions.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    It is necessary to connect the EOT train-line cable to the wagon ICC before testing the device.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The EOT 'gladhand' must be disconnected from the brake pipe end hose before closing the BP end valve.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do before applying or releasing a wagon handbrake?

    <p>Ensure vehicles have stopped and inform the driver.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the safest way to grip the handbrake wheel while operating it?

    <p>Use two hands on the outer rim to prevent injury.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can you tell if the handbrake is applied or released?

    <p>By checking if the colored links on the chain are visible.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What could happen if you hold onto the handbrake wheel while using the quick release handle?

    <p>It prevents the handbrake from releasing and can result in injury.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor should not be overlooked when releasing handbrakes on a train?

    <p>Examine tension on the handbrake chain for each wagon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first action to take before isolating the brakes on a wagon?

    <p>Consult the RSM.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where should the point clip be fitted when securing a switch?

    <p>Approximately 25cm from the end of the switch blade.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be done to the cut-out cock before isolating the wagon's brakes?

    <p>Turn it to the closed position.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    After releasing the brakes, how can you confirm their successful release?

    <p>By checking that the piston travel indicator shows the brakes have released.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final step in applying a point clip to a switch?

    <p>Rotate the hand wheel clockwise and tighten it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Wheels must be checked for signs of flats, cavities, and scaling.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    It is acceptable for a wagon to travel with a broken inner spring regardless of its load.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hand brakes should be fully on before inspecting for movement.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All manways on tank wagons should be closed and safety chains must be in place.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Product spills must be reported immediately if they exceed acceptable levels.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Extreme heat should not be felt from the bogie during a departure roll-by inspection.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All manways on tank wagons must be closed with safety chains in place during inspection.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The presence of any product leaks should be reported immediately as part of dangerous goods procedures.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A broken inner spring on an empty wagon requires immediate detachment during a roll-by inspection.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Listening for grinding noises is a crucial part of the roll-by inspection process.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An unmanned Local Traffic Control (uLTC) can control all switches within a designated site.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Local Field Operations Panel (LFOP) can control a maximum of 3 devices in its field operations area.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The 'Ready' button on the LFOP can indicate that the field operations area has not been handed over when dark.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The switch buttons flashing indicates that the switch is ready for operation.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Control buttons for switches have three states: On, Off, and Supervised.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ideal duration for operating a switch button according to the guidelines?

    <p>3 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if the switch buttons are pressed for more than 10 seconds?

    <p>The system will enter a temporary lockout.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What visual signal indicates that a switch is actively moving?

    <p>The switch buttons will flash.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of pressing the switch buttons for a duration between 5 to 10 seconds?

    <p>There will be no action taken by the switch.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if the system locks out after prolonged switch button operation?

    <p>Contact OCC/LTC to have the system reset.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Switches take between 6 & 9 seconds to move.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a switch is not obstructed, the buttons will continue to flash.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pressing the 'Ready' button for 1-5 seconds will return the LFOP to control.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    It is safe to operate a switch while a train is approaching.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    After clearing an obstruction, the switch should be operated again.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Locomotives

    • A self-propelled motive power unit.

    Local Traffic Control

    • A control facility for the operation of switches within a Terminal, Mine or Port.
    • May have a person operating it (manned) or be unmanned.

    Person In Charge

    • Responsible for work activities and determining a safe system of work.

    Propelling Movement

    • The control of movement in the direction of travel from any point other than the leading end.

    Rolling Stock

    • Wheeled vehicles that run on railway lines, including locomotives and wagons.

    Scotch

    • A wooden or metal device placed under a wheel to prevent a wagon or locomotive from moving.

    Shunting

    • The movement and positioning of rolling stock within the yard as determined by operational or maintenance requirements.

    Switch

    • Also referred to as ‘Points’ or ‘Turnouts’.
    • Device used to allow a train or vehicle to cross from one track to another.

    Track

    • The rails on which a train or vehicle move.

    Vehicle

    • An item (or items) of Rolling Stock.

    Abbreviations in Rail Operations

    • DG stands for Dangerous Goods, which are materials that pose a hazard to safety or the environment during transportation.
    • EOT is the End-of-Train Device, a device used to indicate the end of a train.
    • ERTMS is the European Rail Traffic Management System, a standardized system for controlling train movement and signaling in Europe.
    • GSM-R is the Global System for Mobile Communication-Railway, a digital mobile communication system used for train operations.
    • LFOP stands for Local Field Operating Panel, used for local control of railway switches and derailing devices.
    • OCC is the Operations Control Centre, responsible for overall management of rail operations.
    • PDX stands for Pre-Departure Examination, a thorough inspection of trains before they depart.
    • PPE is Personal Protective Equipment, safety equipment worn by railway personnel during work.
    • PTS refers to Personal Track Safety, a system of procedures and practices to ensure the safety of personnel working on or near railway tracks.
    • RSM signifies Rolling Stock Maintenance, the repair and upkeep of train carriages and locomotives.
    • SAR stands for Saudi Railway Company, the national rail operator of Saudi Arabia.

    Groundstaff Responsibilities

    • Groundstaff must follow all procedures and guidelines in the Operations Handbook.
    • Groundstaff must ensure their actions and decisions are aligned with the handbook standards for safety and efficiency.
    • Groundstaff must completely understand all procedures in the handbook.
    • Groundstaff must implement safety measures and best practices in the handbook during all phases of train operations.
    • Groundstaff must maintain compliance with the handbook and any updates provided by Terminal Masters.
    • Groundstaff should contact Terminal Masters for clarification or guidance on any procedures.

    Groundstaff Responsibilities

    • Groundstaff are responsible for following all procedures and guidelines outlined in the Operations Handbook.
    • They must ensure that their actions and decisions align with the handbook’s standards.
    • Groundstaff must fully understand the procedures detailed in the handbook.
    • Groundstaff must actively implement the safety measures and best practices outlined in the handbook during all phases of train operations.
    • Groundstaff are expected to maintain continuous compliance with the handbook’s procedures, adapting to any updates or alterations communicated by Terminal Masters.
    • If there are any uncertainties or challenges related to the handbook procedures, Groundstaff must communicate with Terminal Masters for clarification and guidance.

    Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

    • Always wear appropriate and approved PPE
    • PPE is determined by your role and location
    • Minimum PPE requirements when working on or about the railway:
      • High-visibility vest/jacket or coat
      • Steel-toed boots
    • Additional site-specific PPE may be required based on the local Method of Work or other instructions
    • All PPE vests/jackets/coats must have reflective strips
    • Maintain cleanliness and good condition of all garments

    Personal Equipment

    • Carry company ID at all times
    • Possess equipment necessary to perform duties
    • Required equipment may include:
      • Mobile phone
      • Radios
      • Hand lamp/torch
      • Notebook and pen
      • Defect Cards
      • Train documentation
      • Clamp Keys

    Publications

    • Maintain copies of the following documents:
      • SAR rule book
      • Site method of work or local working instructions
      • Any special instructions relevant to your post
    • Carry these documents while on duty

    Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

    • Wear appropriate and approved PPE, as designated by your role and location.
    • Minimum requirement when working on or about the railway:
      • High-visibility vest, jacket, or coat
      • Steel-toed boots
    • Wear any additional site-specific PPE, as required in the local Method of Work or other instructions.
    • All PPE vests, jackets, and coats must have reflective strips.
    • Keep garments clean and in good condition.

    Personal Equipment

    • Always carry your company ID.
    • Ensure you are in possession of equipment necessary to perform your duties.
    • Equipment may include:
      • Mobile phone
      • Radios
      • Hand lamp/torch
      • Notebook and pen
      • Defect Cards
      • Train documentation
      • Clamp Keys

    Publications

    • Maintain copies of the following documents and have them with you when on duty:
      • SAR rule book
      • Site method of work or local working instructions
      • Any special instructions relevant to your post

    Rest and Fatigue

    • Fatigue at work is as dangerous as alcohol or drug use, impairing concentration, judgment, reaction time, and even leading to falling asleep.
    • Fatigue can cause moodiness and irritability, increasing the risk of accidents.
    • Danger signs of drowsiness:
      • Frequent yawning and wandering thoughts
      • Lack of concentration
      • Eyes closing or going out of focus
      • Difficulty holding the head up
    • Combating drowsiness:
      • Sleep is the only cure, but temporary measures include:
        • Drinking cold water
        • Eating a sandwich or fruit
        • Rinsing the face with cold water
      • If drowsy, inform your manager or supervisor for assistance.
      • Ensure adequate rest before work.
    • Lifestyle should align with job responsibilities.

    Heat Exposure

    • Hot climates can cause fatigue and lethargy.
    • Precautions:
      • Drink plenty of water, more than anticipated.
      • Stay out of direct sunlight, especially between 10 am and 4 pm.
      • Wear light-colored clothing and a wide-brimmed hat.
      • Apply sunscreen with a SPF of at least 30 and reapply every 2 hours.

    Personal Preparation

    • Before starting work:
      • Ensure sufficient rest.
      • Understand the work methods for the location.
      • Possess relevant documents and equipment, ensuring proper function.
      • Be aware of any location-specific restrictions.
    • Returning from leave or illness:
      • Be fully familiar with any work-related changes or amendments.

    Communication Principles

    • Always use the approved communication method (phone, radio, signals)
    • Ensure clear understanding when using communication equipment
    • Repeat back messages to confirm understanding.
    • Do not permit train movements unless 100% sure instructions are understood
    • Use the phonetic alphabet to prevent misunderstandings, especially for location

    Phonetic Alphabet

    • A - Alpha
    • B - Bravo
    • C - Charlie
    • D - Delta
    • E - Echo
    • F - Foxtrot
    • G - Golf
    • H - Hotel
    • I - India
    • J - Juliet
    • K - Kilo
    • L - Lima
    • M - Mike
    • N - November
    • O - Oscar
    • P - Papa
    • Q - Quebec
    • R - Romeo
    • S - Sierra
    • T - Tango
    • U - Uniform
    • V - Victor
    • W - Whiskey
    • X - X-Ray
    • Y - Yankee
    • Z - Zulu

    Emergency Calls

    • In an accident or serious incident, make an emergency call to the OCC
    • Use the following sequence:
      • Say "This is an Emergency Call"
      • Provide your name and job title
      • Describe your location
      • Provide phone contact details (if applicable)
      • Describe the incident location and details
      • State the action you require the OCC to take
      • Request the train controller to read back your message

    Rail Dangerous Goods Emergency Call

    • In an accident or serious incident involving Dangerous Goods (DG), make a Rail Dangerous Goods emergency call to the OCC
    • Provide the information from a standard emergency call plus:
      • If the incident is not minor (no damage to wagon, tank, container or flask), advise the OCC to stop all trains passing on adjacent lines.
      • Provide the following information for any wagon involved:
        • Wagon numbers (if known)
        • Position on the train or siding
        • UN number shown on the wagon
      • Describe any protection arrangements applied.

    Mobile Phones

    • Mobile phones can only be used at work if required for duties and in a safe position
    • Mobile phone use is prohibited when operating train, engine, or machine controls
    • Mobile phone use is also prohibited in the controlling cab of a moving train, unless call directly relates to duties and doesn't distract the driver
    • Mobile phones cannot be used when in control of a company vehicle

    Radio Use

    • When transmitting, press the speak button fully before speaking and release after finishing
    • Listen before speaking to ensure the channel is not in use
    • Speak directly into the mouthpiece with a natural rhythm, normal volume, and clear sentences
    • Use standard railway terms and phrases
    • Use the phonetic alphabet when spelling difficult words
    • Avoid slurring and hesitation sounds
    • Messages must be repeated back for confirmation
    • If you don't understand, request repetition
    • All safety-critical communication must be in English
    • Take time to ensure understanding when communicating with unfamiliar accents or dialects

    Shunting Communication

    • All communications must follow safe practices

    Radio for Shunting

    • Two-way radio or GSMR handsets are primary communication methods
    • Inspect radio before work, ensure sufficient battery power
    • Keep radio on, set to the correct frequency, and maintain clear volume

    Hand Signals for Shunting

    • Short formation shunting by hand signal is permitted if all parties agree and a safe method is established

    Telephone for Shunting

    • In emergencies, if a radio is unavailable, a mobile phone may be used, ensuring continuous communication

    Controlling Train Movement

    • When controlling train movement via radio or phone, prioritize safety.
    • Clearly identify the correct train and driver.
    • Maintain consistent communication with the driver throughout the movement.
    • During propelling movements, speak continuously, every 5 seconds.
    • Stop the train immediately if you notice a communication failure.
    • The driver should only restart on the instruction of the person controlling the movement.
    • Avoid interrupting shunting unless it's an emergency.
    • If you need to interrupt, say "Break, Break" before speaking.
    • When the shunter is about to make a move, they will say "no" if they cannot, and "yes" if they can, allowing you to pass your message.
    • Keep messages concise and avoid using inappropriate language.
    • If you see a danger and need to stop a movement, shout "EMERGENCY STOP, STOP, STOP." Stop the movement first, then explain the issue.

    Stopping Trains

    • Provide adequate warning for the driver to stop, allowing sufficient time for communication and stopping the train.
    • Maintain focus on the stopping point when approaching signals, fouling points, vehicles, and buffers.
    • Do not allow distractions.
    • Use a controlled countdown when approaching the stopping point:
      • For long-distance propelling:
        • Announce at 300m, 200m, 100m, down to 10m, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1.
        • "Prepare to Stop"
        • "Stop. Standby."
      • For splitting wagons or clearing switches:
        • Announce at 4 wagons, 3 wagons, 2 wagons, 1 wagon - last wagon.
        • "Prepare to Stop."
        • "Stop. Standby."

    Personal Safety During Shunting

    • The responsibility for the safety of operations staff lies with the Yard Master or Terminal Team Leader, but individuals are also responsible for their own safety.
    • It is important to clearly understand the current and intended actions of all personnel who may be involved in shunting operations.
    • Be aware of limited clearances and never take unnecessary risks.
    • Always maintain a good lookout.
    • It is prohibited to get on or off a moving rail vehicle.
    • Riding on any vehicle other than a locomotive is not permitted.
    • Going between vehicles is only allowed if you are absolutely certain they cannot move.
    • It is forbidden to remain between vehicles during any movement, including easing up, coupling up, or detaching the locomotive.
    • If you must go between vehicles, wait until they have stopped completely.
    • Inform the driver that you are going between vehicles.
    • Instruct other staff not to move any wagons or locomotives towards you until you are clear.
    • When crossing the track, maintain a minimum of 7 meters from any stationary vehicles to avoid potential movement without warning.
    • When crossing from one side of a train to the other, use the steps and access platform instead of climbing over or under the coupler.

    Reducing Shunting Risk - Before the Movement

    • Communication is key: Before any shunting movement, clear communication with all involved parties (e.g., Driver, Pilot, RSM, and other operations staff) is crucial.
    • Establish responsibilities: Define who will control the movement, how it will be controlled, and the purpose of the movement.
    • Gather vital information: Ensure you have all relevant information about the movement, such as the sidings involved, working conditions and restrictions, vehicle status, and any degraded mode of working.
    • Safety checks: Verify that no one is working on or near the track or on and around vehicles, and check for potential road or foot crossings.
    • Depot protection: Ensure depot protection has been lowered and the necessary authority to proceed has been obtained.
    • Proper authorization: Confirm that you have the correct authority before commencing the movement.
    • Coupling and uncoupling: Identify any potential issues impacting safe coupling and uncoupling procedures, such as track curvature.
    • Visibility: Address any restrictions on visibility during the movement.
    • Post-movement considerations: Ensure that the movement does not impact fouling points or create risks for subsequent movements leaving the siding.

    Reducing the Risk of Derailment

    • Switch inspection: Prior to any movement, thoroughly inspect all switches for proper fitting and absence of blade damage.
    • Switch alignment: Do not assess switch alignment from a distance, as even a few feet can misjudge the alignment.
    • Trailing switches: Ensure trailing switches are correctly set for the direction of travel, as running through them in the open position increases the risk of damage.
    • Stabled vehicles and switches: If a vehicle has been stabled over a switch for a period, check that it hasn't been moved.
    • Speed restrictions: Comply with all applicable speed restrictions, as excessive speed is often a factor in derailments.
    • Track inspection: Thoroughly check for scotches or any debris fouling the track.
    • Lighting conditions: Exercise extra care in poor lighting conditions.
    • LFOP (Load Factor Optimization Program) operation: Only operate an LFOP if you have been trained and authorized.

    Reducing the Risk of Collision

    • Yard communication: Establish clear communication with others working in the yard.
    • Awareness of other movements: Be aware of any other movements taking place in the yard.
    • Switch settings: Ensure all switches are set correctly.
    • Look-out for obstacles: Keep a vigilant look-out for anything left foul of the line you are working on, including wagons and road vehicles.
    • Clearance from switches: Do not leave wagons or locomotives foul of switches, ensuring they are well clear.
    • Safe Clearance Markers: Use the "Safe Clearance Markers" as a guide for safe distances.

    Handbrakes

    • Handbrakes must be applied to all stabled wagons.
    • Scotches or handbrakes should not be removed unless wagons are attached to other secured wagons or a loco.
    • Do not approach wagons or locos until confirming they are secured.

    Controlling Speed

    • Train speed should not exceed the speed limit.
    • Reduce speed when approaching hazards or in degraded visibility (e.g. sandstorms).
    • Always comply with local speed limits.

    Propelling Movements

    • The person controlling the movement must be in advance of the propelling movement.
    • If unable to walk, position yourself safely before calling the train.
    • Riding on the designated platform on the leading loco is allowed with a functioning safety barrier.
    • Maintain constant communication (every 5 seconds).
    • Continuously check for hazards (crossings, trespassers).
    • Warn others of approaching movements.
    • Ensure the train is moving correctly.
    • Stop 5 meters from vehicles, stop-blocks or shed doors.

    Coupling a Wagon/Locomotive

    • Ensure safety by understanding the location and potential hazards, wearing gloves, and maintaining a safe distance from the couplers.
    • Stop the vehicles at least 5 meters apart before coupling.
    • Open both coupler jaws (pull release lever and open jaws) to prevent them from closing prematurely.
    • Align the couplers and complete the movement, ensuring they engage correctly.
    • Perform a pull test after coupling to confirm the coupling lock.
    • Release handbrakes after a successful pull test.
    • Connect air pipes in the following sequence:
      • Door Air Pipe
      • Brake Air Pipe
      • ICC (ensure train-line power is off before touching)
    • Open air cocks (half open, wait for pressure equalization, then fully open).

    Uncoupling a Wagon/Locomotive

    • Ensure vehicles are stopped completely and inform the driver before entering the space between vehicles.
    • Close air cocks and disconnect the ICC (ensure train-line power is off before touching).
    • Secure hoses and ICC cables with the correct retainer.
    • Apply handbrakes to stabled vehicles.
    • Move to a safe position, pull the coupling release lever, and instruct the driver to "ease off".
    • If the locking pin is tight, instruct the driver to "ease up" to release tension on the pin.

    Dangerous Goods Classification

    • Dangerous goods are classified based on their potential risks to health, safety, and property.
    • There are nine hazard classes for dangerous goods:
      • Class 1: Explosives
      • Class 2: Gases
      • Class 3: Flammable Liquids
      • Class 4: Other Flammables
      • Class 5: Oxidizers and Organic Peroxides
      • Class 6: Toxic and Infectious Substances
      • Class 7: Radioactive Material
      • Class 8: Corrosive Substances
      • Class 9: Miscellaneous Items
    • SAR (the organization mentioned in the text) transports two dangerous goods:
      • Molten sulfur: classified as Class 4.1 – Flammable Solid
      • Phosphoric acid: classified as Class 8 – Corrosive

    Molten Sulfur

    • Molten sulfur is extremely hot (150°C) when transported
    • Molten sulfur reacts with hydrocarbons like diesel to produce hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas.

    Molten Sulfur Hazards

    • Ingestion can be toxic.
    • Inhalation can cause respiratory tract irritation and coughing.
    • Skin contact can cause irritation and redness, especially with repeated or prolonged contact or when moisture is present.
    • Eye contact can cause pain, irritation, watering, and redness.

    Phosphoric Acid Hazards

    • Ingestion causes burns to the digestive tract, including the mouth, esophagus, and stomach.
    • Inhalation causes respiratory tract irritation and coughing.
    • Skin contact causes severe burns with permanent damage (scarring).
    • Eye contact causes serious eye damage and possible blindness.

    Terminal Staff and Train Crew Actions in an Incident

    • In case of an incident, terminal staff and train crew must immediately notify the OCC using the emergency button on the GSM-R radio.
    • The train/shunting movement must be brought to a stop in a safe and suitable location, taking into account the type of hazard, local conditions, and potential actions by emergency services.
    • The locomotive should be switched off following operating instructions.
    • Avoid ignition sources, including smoking, using electronic cigarettes, or switching on electrical equipment.
    • Provide the OCC with detailed information about the incident, including dangerous goods involved.
    • Keep transport documents readily available for emergency services upon arrival.
    • Wear prescribed PPE when leaving the locomotive.
    • Move away from the immediate vicinity of the incident and advise others to do the same.
    • Position yourself upwind from any spillage, fire, or smoke.
    • Avoid contact with spilled substances and inhalation of fumes, smoke, dusts, and vapors.
    • Dispose of any contaminated clothing safely.

    Safety Distances

    • Personnel must stay outside the following safety distances unless authorized by a Dangerous Goods Expert:
      • Loss of Containment (Spillage): 100 meters
      • Fire: 800 meters

    PPE Requirements

    • Approach the site of the incident only after being authorized by the Dangerous Goods specialist.
    • The following PPE must be worn at a dangerous goods incident:
      • Hard Hat
      • Safety Glasses with side shields
      • Long sleeved shirt and long trousers
      • Hi-Vis vest
      • Gloves
      • Safety Boots (6” high lace up)
      • H2S Monitor (Molten Sulfur incidents only)

    First Aid Measures

    • Eye Exposure: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Hold eyelids apart. Remove contact lenses if present and this is safe to do. Continue rinsing. Get medical attention immediately.
    • Skin Exposure: Immediately flush with plenty of water for at least 20 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Get medical attention immediately.
    • Inhalation: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention immediately.
    • Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water and afterwards drink plenty of water. Do not induce vomiting. Get medical attention immediately.

    Tank Wagon Inspection Checklist

    • Check the following when inspecting wagons:
      • Signs of any leak from pipes or valves
      • Signs of product spillage
      • Manway covers, outlet caps and plugs are in place and secure
      • Locking pins are in all fitting covers
      • Record serial number of any security seals that have been applied.

    Electronically Controlled Pneumatic (ECP) Brakes Components

    • ECP brakes consist of a Head End Unit (HEU) in the driving cab, Car Control & ID Devices (CCID) on each wagon, an ECP Manifold on the brake distributor, and an End Of Train (EOT) device.
    • The Inter Car Connector (ICC) cable connects all the components and provides electrical power to the CCID and EOT.
    • The ICC cable runs the length of the train and provides a data link between the HEU, each wagon CCID and the EOT unit.
    • ICC cables operate at 230v.
    • Before connecting ICC cables, ensure the train line power is switched off or the connection between the loco and wagons is broken.
    • Each ICC connector has two locking indicators: a red square and a blue line.
    • When properly mated, the red squares should be hidden and the blue lines should join up.
    • To connect two ICC connectors, depress the spring tab button until it is fully retracted and slide the connectors together.
    • Properly connected ICC connectors should click when tugged upon.
    • To disconnect the ICC cable, reverse the connection procedure: depress the spring tab buttons and pull the connectors apart.

    Car Control and ID Device (CCID)

    • Each wagon has a CCID, which can operate using train-line power or internal batteries.
    • A red LED on the side of each CCID indicates its power status:
      • Steady light: Train line power is connected.
      • Flashing light: Train line power is off, and the CCID is using battery power (lasting approximately 4 hours).
      • No light: Wagon is de-energized or in sleep mode.

    Manifold

    • Each wagon has a manifold mounted on the brake distributor.
    • The manifold receives brake commands from the CCID and controls air release to the brakes.
    • Two types of manifolds:
      • Standalone: Fitted to Phosphate wagons, provides only full brake application or release in conventional mode.
      • Overlay: Fitted to Bauxite and all Tank wagons, provides full brake control in conventional mode.

    End of Train (EOT) Device

    • The EOT is a portable device placed on the last wagon's coupler for ECP-equipped trains.
    • It uses 240v DC train-line power for its electronics and battery charging.
    • If train-line power is lost, the EOT uses its internal batteries.
    • The EOT acts as the last network node in the train, transmitting a status message (EOT Beacon) to the locomotive every second.
    • If communication is lost, the train brakes automatically apply.
    • The EOT also provides a marker light (Tail Lamp) at the rear of the train.

    Modes of Operation

    • Train brakes can operate in three modes:
      • RUN Mode: Train-line power is ON, EOT required.
      • SWITCH Mode: Train-line power is OFF, EOT NOT required, but the driver can turn the power back on.
      • CONVENTIONAL: The ECP brake system is not functioning, EOT NOT required, but train-line power may still be live.

    EOT Device Installation

    • Release the securing handle from the lock and unscrew it until the coupler mount hook lies flat.
    • Insert the hook into the top coupler clevis.
    • Tighten the handle clockwise until the hook rotates upright, drawing the EOT unit firmly against the coupler.
    • Ensure the handle is secured with the lock for anti-rotation protection.
    • Secure with an optional padlock.
    • Connect the EOT 'gladhand' to the Brake Pipe (BP) end hose and open the BP cock.
    • The EOT may activate the High Visibility Marker if brake pipe pressure is present and ambient light conditions justify.
    • Connect the EOT train-line cable to the wagon ICC.
    • Turn on the ECP (Electronic Control Panel) to pulse the train-line.
    • Press the test switch to check the EOT's operational status.

    EOT Device Removal

    • Ensure the train-line power is off.
    • Disconnect the EOT train-line cable from the wagon ICC.
    • Close the BP end valve.
    • Depress the Pressure Relief Valve on the EOT 'gladhand' to release all air from the brake pipe.
    • Disconnect the EOT 'gladhand' from the train brake pipe end hose.
    • Remove the optional padlock's clasp from the coupler handle lock.
    • Support the EOT and turn the handle counterclockwise to release the finger from the coupler's clevis.
    • Set the unit on its back or side for transport.

    Wagon Handbrake Operation

    • Wagon handbrakes are located at the "B" end of each wagon.
    • Turning the handbrake wheel to the right applies the brake, turning it to the left releases it.
    • Always wear gloves when operating the handbrake.
    • Use two hands and hold the outer rim of the handbrake wheel, not the spindles, to avoid finger trapping.
    • The handbrake has a quick release handle.
    • Pushing the handle up releases the brake.
    • Do not hold the handbrake wheel while using the quick release handle, as this can prevent the brake from releasing and cause injury.
    • The colored links on the handbrake chain indicate the status of the brake:
      • Visible links mean the handbrake is off.
      • Hidden links mean the handbrake is on.
    • Always obtain permission from the driver or person in charge of the movement before going between wagons to operate the handbrake.
    • Before operating a wagon handbrake:
      • Ensure the train has stopped.
      • Inform the driver that you are "going in between" and wait for confirmation.
    • Check all wagons, not just the expected ones, when releasing handbrakes.
    • Check the following indicators to determine if the handbrake is applied:
      • Colored links on the handbrake chain.
      • Tension on the handbrake chain.
      • Piston Travel Indicator.
      • Brake block clearance.
    • Whenever possible, conduct a departure roll-by examination to ensure all wheels are turning freely.

    Isolating Wagon Brakes

    • If wagon brakes are damaged or faulty, they can be isolated to allow the wagon to be moved.
    • The isolating cock is attached to the Brake Distributer on the Manifold.
    • To isolate the brakes, turn the cut-out cock to the closed position.
    • Pull the release valve pull rod on each side of the wagon and hold it until all air is exhausted.
    • This will release the brakes and exhaust the air in the brake cylinder.
    • Check the piston travel indicator to confirm the brakes are released.
    • Physically check that the brake blocks are not touching the wheels.

    Point Clamps

    • Point clamps secure switches in the event of equipment failure.
    • The clamp is a G-clamp device that secures the switch blade against the stock rail.
    • To fit the clamp, rotate the hand wheel anti-clockwise to withdraw the threaded bar.
    • Position the clamp around both the stock rail and the switch blade.
    • Tighten the hand-wheel clockwise as firmly as possible.
    • The clamp must not be fitted to the end of the switch rail, but approximately 25cm from the end of the blade.
    • Secure the locking bar through a hole in the hand wheel and secure with a padlock.

    Coupling

    • Visually inspect for excessive wear and cracks

    Pipes

    • Check for air leaks
    • Ensure pipes are fully open/closed
    • Ensure pipes not in use are hung on a dummy coupling

    Wheels

    • Inspect for flats, cavities, and scaling/metal buildup
    • Check flange height and rollover
    • Refer to SAR-005-100-3-002 Driver Operations Handbook for specific wheel requirements

    Springs

    • Ensure no displaced, broken, or cranked springs are attached
    • Coil Binding may indicate overloading
    • Empty wagons may travel with a broken inner spring

    Handbrake

    • Ensure handbrakes are fully off
    • Do not rely on indicators; wind on and off to confirm movement
    • Check brake blocks if possible

    Tank Wagons

    • Ensure all manways are closed
    • Verify safety chains are in place
    • Confirm all covers are secured
    • Ensure product spills are at an acceptable level
    • Report any product leaks immediately according to dangerous goods procedures

    Departure Roll-By Inspection

    • Conduct a departure roll-by inspection using the Pre-departure and Roll-by Checklist form.
    • Inspect for signs of smoke, glowing metal, squealing or grinding noises, hot metal, and extreme heat radiating from the bogie.
    • Check for air leaks in pipes, ensure pipes are fully open/closed or hung on dummy couplings when not in use.
    • Inspect for displaced, broken or cranked springs, ensuring they are detached.
    • Note that an empty wagon can travel with a broken inner spring.
    • Coil bound springs indicate potential wagon overload.
    • Ensure handbrakes are fully off, confirming by winding them on and off to check movement.
    • Check brake blocks if possible.
    • For tank wagons, verify all manways are closed and safety chains are in place.
    • Ensure all covers are present on manways.
    • Inspect for product spills and ensure they are at an acceptable level.
    • Report any product leaks immediately according to dangerous goods procedures.
    • Report any issues found during inspections to the OCC immediately for immediate action.
    • In the event of any issues during roll-by, stop the train immediately and inform the OCC.

    Switch Control Locations

    • Switches on the SAR network can be controlled from three locations: Operations Control Centre (OCC), Local Traffic Control (LTC), and Local Field Operations Panel (LFOP).
    • The OCC controls all switches on the main line and some switches in terminals, mines, and ports.
    • An LTC can be manned (mLTC) or unmanned (uLTC).
    • An mLTC controls all switches within a designated site, such as the one to be installed in the Nariyah Depot.
    • A uLTC controls only one siding.
    • The LFOP allows a shunter or pilot to operate specific switches locally.

    Local Field Operations Panel (LFOP)

    • The LFOP controls a 'field operations area' with a maximum of 3 devices (switches or derailers).
    • The LFOP is mounted on a pole adjacent to the track.
    • The panel includes an identification plate and two buttons for each switch within the field operation area.
    • The panel also includes a READY button.

    LFOP Button States

    • Ready Button:
      • Dark: Field operations area has not been handed over.
      • Flashing: Field operations area has been handed over but is not supervised.
      • On: Field operations area has been handed over and is supervised.
    • Switch Buttons:
      • Dark: Field operation of the switch has not been handed over or the switch is not available.
      • Flashing: The switch is moving or is not supervised.
      • On: Field operation of the switch has been handed over and the switch is supervised.

    Switch Button Operation

    • Switch buttons illuminate when the train is released to the Shunter or Pilot.
    • Each pair of switch buttons has an identification plate and the switch number printed on the buttons.
    • To operate a switch, press BOTH buttons of the required switch simultaneously.
    • The switch operation duration impacts the outcome.
      • 1 to 5 seconds: The switch will operate. Switch buttons will flash while the switch is moving.
      • 5 to 10 seconds: No action, the switch will not operate.
      • More than 10 seconds: The system will lock out, the switch lights will go out, and the Ready light will start flashing. Contact the OCC/LTC to reset the system.
    • The ideal duration for switch operation is 3 seconds. Do not estimate - count the seconds.

    Switch Operation

    • Switch operation requires stopping all rail movement before engaging.
    • Switches require approximately 6 to 9 seconds to complete their movement.
    • Never attempt to operate a switch while a train is approaching.

    Handling a Switch Failure

    • A switch failure occurs when the switch can't reach its correct end position due to obstruction.
    • If the switch is stuck, the buttons will flash continuously.
    • To clear the obstruction: Press both buttons to return the switch to its starting position allowing safe debris removal.
    • Once the obstruction is cleared, operate the switch again.

    Returning an LFOP

    • To return the LFOP (Local Failure Override Panel) to the Control of the OCC (Operations Control Centre) or LTC (Local Training Centre) use the "Ready" button.
    • Press and hold the "Ready" button for 1-5 seconds, ideally 3 seconds.
    • Contact the OCC/LTC to confirm that the LFOP has been returned to their control.

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    Test your knowledge on locomotives, rolling stock, and traffic control within railway systems. This quiz covers key terms and concepts related to the operation and management of trains and their movement. Perfect for railway enthusiasts and professionals!

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