Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the minimum age required to be a member of a local body?
What is the minimum age required to be a member of a local body?
A Nyay Panchayat can award a sentence of imprisonment.
A Nyay Panchayat can award a sentence of imprisonment.
False
Who is the head of the Gram Panchayat?
Who is the head of the Gram Panchayat?
Sarpanch
In the Panchayat Samiti, the _____ oversees the coordination of Gram Panchayats.
In the Panchayat Samiti, the _____ oversees the coordination of Gram Panchayats.
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Match the following levels of the Panchayati Raj System with their functions:
Match the following levels of the Panchayati Raj System with their functions:
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Which of the following groups are reserved seats in the Gram Panchayat?
Which of the following groups are reserved seats in the Gram Panchayat?
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The membership of a Village Panchayat can only comprise 5 members.
The membership of a Village Panchayat can only comprise 5 members.
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What is the main responsibility of the Zilla Parishad?
What is the main responsibility of the Zilla Parishad?
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One-third of the seats in the Panchayat are reserved for _____
One-third of the seats in the Panchayat are reserved for _____
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Who among the following does NOT typically compose the Zilla Parishad?
Who among the following does NOT typically compose the Zilla Parishad?
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What is the term used for the local institution that manages the affairs of a village?
What is the term used for the local institution that manages the affairs of a village?
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The 73rd Amendment Act, 1992 requires that Panchayat elections be held every three years.
The 73rd Amendment Act, 1992 requires that Panchayat elections be held every three years.
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What is one major feature that the 73rd Amendment Act provided for?
What is one major feature that the 73rd Amendment Act provided for?
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Local self-government enables the local people to govern their own _____
Local self-government enables the local people to govern their own _____
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Match the following terms related to local self-government:
Match the following terms related to local self-government:
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Which of the following is NOT a feature of the Panchayati Raj system?
Which of the following is NOT a feature of the Panchayati Raj system?
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Local self-government reduces the administrative burden on state and national governments.
Local self-government reduces the administrative burden on state and national governments.
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What is the significance of local self-government?
What is the significance of local self-government?
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One-third of the total seats in the Panchayat are reserved for _____ and women.
One-third of the total seats in the Panchayat are reserved for _____ and women.
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Which year was the 73rd Amendment Act passed?
Which year was the 73rd Amendment Act passed?
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Study Notes
Local Self-Government
- Refers to local bodies elected by the people managing local affairs.
- Village level is managed by Panchayats, while towns/cities have Municipal Corporations/Municipalities.
73rd Amendment Act, 1992
- Made Panchayati Raj system mandatory for states with populations over 20 lakh.
- Established a three-tier system: Gram Panchayats (village), Panchayat Samiti (block), Zilla Parishad (district).
- Ensures regular Panchayat elections every five years.
- Reserves one-third of Panchayat seats for Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and women.
- Requires state governments to establish a State Finance Commission to support Panchayats financially.
Distinction Between Local Self-Government and Local Government
- Local self-government involves elected officials managing local affairs
- Local government is managed by appointed officials.
Significance of Local Self-Government
- Forms the foundation of democracy.
- Empowers local people to manage their own affairs.
- Provides experience and skills for future leadership roles.
- Reduces administrative burden on state/national governments.
- Fosters local participation in governance.
Panchayati Raj System
- Works at three levels: village (Gram Panchayat), block (Panchayat Samiti), district (Zilla Parishad).
- Includes Nyaya Panchayats (village courts) for quick justice.
Qualifications for Local Body Elections
- Must be an Indian citizen, 21 years or older, registered voter, and not a convict or legally disqualified.
- Not allowed to hold a government position of profit.
Gram Panchayat
- Consists of Gram Sabha (all adults in the village).
- Head is the Sarpanch (unpaid honorary position) with a Vice Sarpanch.
- Size varies depending on the village (5-31 members).
- Seats are reserved for women, Scheduled Castes, and Scheduled Tribes.
Gram Panchayat Administrative Functions
- Manages public works (roads, bridges, water sources).
- Maintains sanitation, health centers, and primary education.
- Looks after agriculture.
- Maintains village property records.
Gram Panchayat Social and Economic Functions
- Builds community facilities (libraries, guest houses, marriage halls).
- Organizes village fairs and exhibitions.
- Establishes fair price shops and credit co-ops.
Gram Panchayat Judicial Functions
- Nyay Panchayats resolve disputes quickly.
- Cannot impose jail sentences or allow legal representation.
- Decisions are usually final within their jurisdiction, but appeals are possible.
Panchayat Samiti (Block Level)
- Members include Sarpanchs, state legislators, MPs, Block Development Officers, and cooperative society representatives (in some states).
Panchayat Samiti Functions
- Coordinates Gram Panchayat work.
- Provides secondary education and health facilities.
- Supports agricultural development (irrigation, seeds, fertilizers).
- Responsible for block-level infrastructure projects (roads, bridges).
- Provides safe drinking water.
Zilla Parishad (District Level)
- Highest level of Panchayati Raj.
- Members include Deputy Commissioner, Panchayat Samiti Presidents, government department heads, state legislators, MPs, and reserved members.
- Elected Chairperson and Deputy Chairperson preside over the board.
- A Zilla Parishad Secretary is a government employee.
Zilla Parishad Functions
- Oversees district development.
- Supervises Panchayats and Panchayat Samities.
- Manages the budget in some states.
- Links state government and Panchayat Samitis.
- Advises on Gram Panchayat and Panchayat Samiti matters.
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Description
Explore the concept of local self-government in India, focusing on the 73rd Amendment Act of 1992. This quiz covers the structure, significance, and distinctions of local self-governance, including the Panchayati Raj system. Test your knowledge on the principles that empower local communities to manage their affairs democratically.
