LMU-MCM 217 Speech Communication Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Rhetoric is a communication skill that focuses solely on persuading an audience.

False (B)

Which of the following is NOT a key aspect of rhetoric?

  • Focusing on personal opinions (correct)
  • Appealing to emotions
  • Using logical reasoning
  • Establishing credibility

Explain how rhetoric can contribute to self-expression and identity formation.

Rhetoric empowers individuals to articulate their values, beliefs, and personal experiences, allowing them to express themselves authentically and shape their identity. It provides a platform for individuals to share their narratives and present themselves in a certain light.

In the context of Speech Communication and Rhetoric, an argument refers to the process of presenting and supporting a ______ or viewpoint.

<p>claim</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following components of an argument with their descriptions:

<p>Claim = The main statement or proposition being asserted. Evidence = Supporting facts, statistics, or examples. Reasoning = The logical connection between the claim and evidence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of evidence is NOT typically used in rhetoric?

<p>Personal biases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the role of reasoning in an argument.

<p>Reasoning is the bridge that connects the claim and evidence in a logical and persuasive manner. It uses logical principles, such as deduction, induction, or analogy, to draw conclusions from the evidence and demonstrate the validity of the claim.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Rhetoric is primarily used in formal settings like public speeches and debates.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a rhetorical device typically used in persuasive arguments?

<p>Alliteration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Effective arguments should always be presented with an emotional appeal (pathos) for maximum persuasion.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of addressing counterarguments during an argument?

<p>Addressing counterarguments demonstrates the speaker's thorough consideration of alternative viewpoints and strengthens the overall argument by providing rebuttals or addressing potential objections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In debate, the ______ is a formal statement of a position, often presented as a resolution or proposition.

<p>claim</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following elements of an argument with their corresponding descriptions:

<p>Introduction = Summarizes the main points and restates the claim. Body = Provides evidence and reasoning to support the claim. Conclusion = Sets the stage, presents the claim, and captures the audience's attention. Claim = The central assertion or proposition being argued.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are considered ethical considerations in speech communication?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Debates are always structured with two opposing sides, one arguing for and one arguing against.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the concept of 'audience awareness' in the context of persuasive arguments.

<p>Audience awareness involves understanding and considering the audience's perspectives, beliefs, and values to tailor arguments that resonate with them, address their concerns, and appeal to their interests.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of rhetoric?

<p>To persuade the audience to agree with a particular viewpoint. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Logos refers to the emotional appeal of a speech.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The effectiveness of rhetorical strategies can vary depending on the ______, the topic, the medium of communication, and the cultural and social factors at play.

<p>audience</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define the concept of "organization and structure" in rhetoric and explain its importance.

<p>Organization and structure in rhetoric refers to the way a speech is arranged and presented. It involves crafting a logical flow, including an introduction, thesis statement, supporting points with evidence, and a conclusion that reinforces the main ideas. A well-structured speech enhances clarity, memorability, and persuasive impact. It makes it easier for the audience to follow the speaker's argument and understand the main points.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following rhetorical appeals with their respective descriptions:

<p>Logos = Appeals to logic and reason. Pathos = Appeals to emotions and values. Ethos = Appeals to credibility and character.</p> Signup and view all the answers

List five persuasive techniques used in rhetoric, and provide a brief description of each.

<ol> <li>Rhetorical Questions: Asking questions that don't require an answer to engage the audience and stimulate thought.</li> <li>Repetition: Repeating key words or phrases to emphasize certain points and make them more memorable.</li> <li>Analogies and Metaphors: Using comparisons to relate complex ideas to familiar concepts and make them easier to understand.</li> <li>Humor: Using humor to lighten the mood, create a connection with the audience, and make the message more engaging.</li> <li>Appeals to Authority or Popular Opinion: Citing experts or referencing popular beliefs to support claims and make arguments more persuasive.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Rhetoric involves a static and unchanging approach to communication.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the strategic nature of rhetoric?

<p>Making deliberate choices in language and persuasive techniques. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Rhetoric

The art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing.

Conflict Resolution

Using rhetoric to resolve disagreements and reach mutual agreements.

Self-expression

The process of expressing one's beliefs and values through rhetoric.

Critical Analysis

Evaluating the validity and effectiveness of arguments.

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Claim

Main statement or proposition in an argument.

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Evidence

Supporting material such as facts or examples for a claim.

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Reasoning

Logical connections made between claim and evidence.

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Persuasive Techniques

Methods used to convince or persuade an audience.

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Counterarguments

Opposing viewpoints considered in argument construction.

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Rhetorical Devices

Persuasive techniques to enhance arguments' effectiveness.

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Organization of Arguments

Structured layout of arguments: introduction, body, conclusion.

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Audience Awareness

Understanding audience beliefs to tailor arguments.

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Ethical Considerations

Presenting arguments honestly and without manipulation.

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Debate

Structured argumentation involving opposing viewpoints.

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Emotional Appeals (Pathos)

Persuasive technique addressing audience emotions.

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Logical Reasoning (Logos)

Using logic and facts to support arguments.

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Logos

Logical appeal in rhetoric that uses facts and reasoning to persuade.

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Organization in Rhetoric

The structured arrangement of a speech, including introduction, thesis, main points, and conclusion.

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Nature of Rhetoric

Rhetoric's focus on persuasion, adapting to context, and using strategic language choices.

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Persuasion in Rhetoric

The primary goal of rhetoric, influencing and convincing an audience with arguments and appeals.

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Contextual Rhetoric

The dependence of rhetorical effectiveness on audience, topic, and cultural factors.

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Strategic Rhetoric

Deliberate choices in language and techniques for achieving impact in communication.

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Dynamic Rhetoric

Rhetoric that evolves in response to audience feedback and environment changes.

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Study Notes

Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria

  • College of Business & Social Sciences
  • Mass Communication Programme
  • Department of Political Science & International Relations
  • Course: LMU-MCM 217-Speech Communication and Rhetoric
  • Lecturer: Dr. Olushola Akanmode

Speech Communication

  • Communication is the sharing of ideas, feelings, thoughts, information, and messages.
  • Speech communication is the oral transmission of information.
  • It can be used to inform, argue, or evoke emotion.
  • Essential in public speaking.
  • It's crucial for live audience interaction.

Elements of Speech Communication

  • Stimulus: The initial trigger for communication.
  • Encoding: Converting ideas into words.
  • Decoding: Transforming words into mental images.
  • Communicator: All parties involved in the exchange.
  • Message: Verbal and nonverbal elements conveying meaning. This includes:
    • Words
    • Tone of voice
    • Body language
    • Facial expressions
    • Posture
    • Gestures
    • Space usage
    • Messages can be intentional or unintentional.
  • Channel: The method of transmission (e.g., face-to-face, phone, email).
  • Noise: Anything that interferes with communication (physiological, psychological, cultural, or physical).

Types of Communication

  • Intra-personal: Communication within oneself.
  • Inter-personal: Communication between two or more people.
  • Group Communication: Communication within a group.
  • Organisational Communication: Communication within an organisation.
  • Mass Communication: Mass production and distribution of messages to a broad audience.
  • International Communication: Communication between nations.

Types of Speech

  • Demonstrative: Shows how to do something.
  • Special Occasion: For events like weddings or graduations.
  • Entertaining: Focused on amusement.
  • Debate: Formal discussion with opposing arguments.
  • Expository/Informative: Explains a concept or idea.
  • Analytical: Breaks down a concept into parts.
  • Persuasive: Aims to convince the audience.
  • Inspirational: Motivates the audience.

Functions of Speech

  • Referential: Providing information.
  • Directive: Giving instructions.
  • Expressive: Sharing emotions.
  • Phatic: Maintaining social contact.
  • Poetic: Using language creatively.

Audiences of Speech Communication

  • Homogeneous: Similar characteristics, values etc. Easier to address.
  • Heterogeneous: Diverse characteristics, harder to address.
  • Adapting to audiences is crucial.

Rhetoric

  • The study of effective communication, especially persuasion.
  • Ethos: Credibility of the speaker.
  • Pathos: Appeal to the audience's emotions.
  • Logos: Appeals to reason and logic.
  • Organization: Structure of the speech.
  • Persuasive Techniques: Methods to influence the audience.

Argument

  • Claim: Main idea presented.
  • Evidence: Facts to support a claim.
  • Reasoning: Connects the claim to the evidence logically.
  • Counterarguments: Addressing opposing viewpoints.
  • Rhetorical Devices: Techniques to enhance the impact.
  • Organization: Structure of an argument.
  • Audience Awareness: Understanding the audience.
  • Ethical Considerations: Respect for audience views.

Skills Developed by Communication

  • Critical thinking, evidence analysis, persuasive communication, and logical reasoning.
  • Active listening, quick thinking, and effective response to different views.

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