33 Questions
What is a major complaint in cirrhosis related to food?
Difficulty in coping with fatty foods
What percentage of patients with cirrhosis survive for 5 years from diagnosis?
25%
How does ethanol exert its deleterious effects on the liver?
Through both metabolism and direct effect on cell structure
What is the primary site of metabolism for ethanol?
Liver
What is the enzyme that converts ethanol to acetaldehyde in the liver?
Alcohol dehydrogenase
What is a consequence of disruption of the biliary architecture in cirrhosis?
Pruritis due to bile acid accumulation
What is the main site of bilirubin conjugation?
Liver
What is the name of the enzyme that converts biliverdin to bilirubin?
Biliverdin reductase
What is the term for the yellowish coloration of the tissues due to retention of pigments?
Jaundice
What is the name of the syndrome caused by mutations to the UGT1A1 gene?
Gilbert's syndrome
What is the primary purpose of liver function tests?
To detect, evaluate, and monitor liver disease or damage
What is the percentage of daily bilirubin output derived from the breakdown of erythrocytes?
80%
What is the name of the protein that binds to bilirubin in the blood?
Albumin
What is the most likely reason for performing liver function tests in the initial stages of liver disease?
To detect liver disease early
What is the term for the process of bilirubin excretion into the bile?
Bile acid synthesis
Which of the following is NOT a category of liver function tests?
Glucose- pancreatic function
What is the significance of GGT in liver function tests?
It indicates enzyme induction or hepatocellular damage
What is the name of the enzyme that converts the porphyrin ring to biliverdin?
Haem oxygenase
Why are liver function tests suggested for individuals taking medication?
Because medication may cause liver damage
What is the term for the enterohepatic circulation of bilirubin?
Bilirubin recycling
What is the name of the test used to measure bilirubin levels in the blood?
Diazo test
What is the trend of total bilirubin in pregnancy?
Remains normal
What happens to the level of albumin during pregnancy?
Decreases
Why does ALP (Alkaline Phosphatase) increase during pregnancy?
Due to release of ALP by the placenta
What is the trend of gamma globulins during pregnancy?
Decreases
What is the purpose of liver function tests?
To diagnose liver disease at an early stage
What is the significance of aminotransferases in liver function tests?
Indicate cellular integrity
What is acute hepatitis associated with?
Hepatocyte damage
Which of the following toxins can cause hepatocellular damage?
All of the above
What is a characteristic of alcoholic hepatitis?
↑MCV, hypertriglyceridaemia, hyperuricaemia, ↑GGT
What is a possible outcome of acute hepatitis?
All of the above
What is a cause of inadequate perfusion leading to acute hepatitis?
All of the above
What is a viral infection that can cause acute hepatitis?
All of the above
Test your knowledge of the liver's vital functions, including synthesis of lipoproteins, bile acids, and hormones, as well as its role in carbohydrate and fat metabolism. Assess your understanding of gluconeogenesis, glycogen synthesis, and more!
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