30 Questions
What is the characteristic feature of steatosis?
Fatty droplets and displaced nuclei
What is the hallmark of alcohol-induced or non-alcoholic steato-hepatitis?
Ballooning of hepatocytes
What is the term for the accumulation of bilirubin in the liver?
Cholestasis
What is the term for liver disease caused by excessive alcohol consumption?
ALD (Alcoholic Liver Disease)
What is the term for the formation of scar tissue in the liver?
Scar formation and regression
What is the term for liver disease caused by a viral infection?
Viral hepatitis
What type of cells participate in parenchymal restoration in biliary disease?
Multi-potent stem cells
What is the primary function of hepatic stellate cells in their quiescent state?
Lipid storage
What stimulates the activation of hepatic stellate cells?
Inflammatory cytokines
What is the result of persistent injury and inflammatory stimuli?
Deposition of ECM and scarring
What receptor signaling mediates the conversion of stellate cells to myofibroblasts?
PDGF-β receptor
What is the effect of ethanol metabolism on liver function?
It shifts the NADH/NAD+ ratio, inducing steatosis
What is the characteristic appearance of bile pigment in cholestasis?
It appears as golden granular material within hepatocytes
What is the term for the repair process taken over by actual tissue stem cells?
Ductular reaction
What is the characteristic feature of hepatocellular ballooning in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis?
It is characterized by cellular enlargement 1.5-2 times the normal hepatocyte diameter
What is the ultrastructural feature of ballooned hepatocytes in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis?
A dilation of the endoplasmic reticulum, sometimes referred to as hydropic change
What is the characteristic feature of feathery degeneration in cholestasis?
It is characterized by cytoplasmic swelling with protein condensation
What is the association of ballooned cells in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis?
They are associated with Mallory-Denk bodies
What type of necrosis is often restricted to the linking of terminal hepatic venules to portal tracts?
Bridging Necrosis
What is Bridging Necrosis a manifestation of?
Severe acute hepatitis
What type of bridging necrosis is seen in parenchymal hypoperfusion and venous outflow obstruction?
Central-to-Central (C-C) Bridging Necrosis
What feature is common in exacerbations of chronic hepatitis?
Central-to-Portal Bridging Necrosis without elastic fibers
What type of bridging necrosis is often seen in conditions where portal tracts are widened?
Portal-to-Portal (P-P) Bridging Necrosis
What type of necrosis involves large zones of hepatocyte injury and loss?
Confluent Necrosis
What is the commonest cause of confluent necrosis in biopsy material?
Hepatitis, either viral or drug-related
What is a characteristic feature of confluent necrosis?
Proliferation of neocholangioles
What is the typical location of confluent necrosis in the liver?
Perivenular (centrilobular)
Which of the following can cause confluent necrosis with little or no inflammation?
Hypoperfusion of the hepatic parenchyma
What is bridging necrosis?
Confluent necrosis linking terminal venules to portal tracts
Which of the following drugs can cause confluent necrosis?
Paracetamol (acetaminophen)
Test your knowledge of liver diseases, including viral hepatitis, NAFLD, ALD, and HCC, as well as the mechanisms of liver damage repair. Learn about the different types of liver disease and how they are triggered. Discover the insidious nature of liver disease and how it can be repaired.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
