36 Questions
Which of the following is NOT a cause of cirrhosis?
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
What is the primary pathological feature of cirrhosis?
Fibrosis and nodule formation
Which of the following is NOT a clinical feature of cirrhosis?
Hepatomegaly (enlarged liver)
What is the difference between compensated and decompensated cirrhosis?
Compensated cirrhosis has no complications, while decompensated cirrhosis has severely impaired liver function and complications.
Which of the following is a complication of cirrhosis?
All of the above
What is the primary reason for the gross distortion of liver architecture in cirrhosis?
Fibrosis and nodule formation
What is the most common malignant liver tumor known for its association with viral hepatitis?
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
Which feature is characteristic of a well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma?
Neoplastic cells resembling normal hepatocytes
How is hepatocellular carcinoma typically diagnosed in patients with cirrhosis and asymptomatic presentation?
Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels
What is the management approach for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with a liver mass larger than 2cm and cirrhosis?
Surgical resection or liver transplantation
Which liver disease is characterized by clinical features such as weight loss, fever, anorexia, ascites, and abdominal pain?
Cirrhosis
Which demographic group is more commonly affected by alcoholic liver disease in the West?
Men in their 50s
What is the most common biopsy finding in alcoholic individuals?
Alcoholic fatty liver
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic feature of alcoholic hepatitis?
Elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels greater than 500 IU/L
Which of the following statements about alcoholic cirrhosis is NOT correct?
Abstinence from alcohol does not improve the 5-year survival rate
Which of the following is NOT a common complication associated with cirrhosis?
Alcoholic fatty liver
In the context of alcoholic liver disease, what is the function of Mallory bodies?
Their function is not well understood
Which of the following statements about the treatment of alcoholic hepatitis is correct?
Supportive care and adequate nutritional intake are the primary treatments
Cirrhosis is always reversible with proper treatment.
False
The primary cause of cirrhosis in the West is viral infections.
False
Cirrhosis can lead to portal vein hypertension.
True
Compensated cirrhosis is associated with severe liver dysfunction and complications.
False
Spider angioma is not a clinical feature of cirrhosis.
False
Alcoholic liver disease does not include non-alcohol fatty liver disease as a cause.
False
Alcoholic cirrhosis is always symptomatic and presents with clear signs of chronic liver disease.
False
Cirrhotic liver is characterized by a smooth external surface without any regenerating nodules.
False
The primary management approach for cirrhosis is aimed at treating the underlying cause of the disease.
False
Alcoholic fatty liver is usually associated with significant symptoms and abnormal lab tests.
False
The microscopic hallmark of alcoholic hepatitis is the presence of Mallory bodies in hepatocytes surrounded by fibrous tissue.
True
Abstinence from alcohol can significantly improve the 5-year survival rate in patients with cirrhosis.
True
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common benign liver tumour.
False
Primary liver tumors can only be malignant and never benign.
False
Cirrhosis is not a risk factor for developing Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
False
Contraceptive pills have a strong association with the development of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
False
Liver cells in well-differentiated liver tumors show features of normal hepatocytes.
True
Chemoembolization is often the most effective treatment for Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
False
Study Notes
- Liver tumours can be either benign or malignant, with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) being the most common malignant liver tumour.
- HCC is associated with risk factors such as cirrhosis, particularly due to viral hepatitis, as well as HBV and HCV carriers who are at extremely high risk of developing HCC.
- The pathology of HCC involves a stepwise progression from cirrhosis to dysplastic nodules to tumours, with histological features including liver cell cords lined by endothelial cells.
- Clinical features of HCC include weight loss, fever, anorexia, ascites, and abdominal pain, with rapid development of these features in cirrhosis patients likely indicating HCC.
- Diagnostic investigations for HCC include serum AFP levels, ultrasound or CT scanning, MRI or angiography, and biopsy in cases of diagnostic doubt.
- Management options for HCC may include surgical resection or liver transplantation, with chemoembolisation considered for selected patients while chemotherapy and radiotherapy are generally unhelpful.
- Alcoholic liver disease is the most common cause of chronic liver disease in the West, with major pathological lesions including alcoholic fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and alcoholic cirrhosis.
- Alcoholic fatty liver is characterized by fat accumulation in hepatocytes due to alcohol consumption, often presenting with hepatomegaly and elevated MCV, with fat disappearing upon alcohol cessation but continued drinking leading to fibrosis and cirrhosis.
- Alcoholic hepatitis is characterized by liver cell necrosis and inflammation, with varying presentations from asymptomatic to severe hepatic failure, and treatment may involve corticosteroids in severe cases.
- Alcoholic cirrhosis is the final stage of liver disease from alcohol abuse, with destruction and fibrosis leading to micronodular cirrhosis, and management focuses on addressing complications of cirrhosis and advising lifelong abstinence from alcohol.
Test your knowledge on cirrhosis, liver tumour, and alcoholic liver disease. Learn about the pathogenesis, pathology, and outcomes associated with these liver conditions.
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