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Liver Anatomy and Physiology

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the liver?

Regulating glucose, protein, and fat metabolism (correct)

Detoxifying drugs and alcohol

Storing and activating vitamins, minerals, and enzymes

Synthesizing almost all plasma proteins

How much functioning liver is required to sustain life?

10-20% (correct)

40-50%

50-60%

30-40%

What is the composition of bile?

Cholesterol, lipoproteins, phospholipids, and bicarbonate

Cholesterol, fatty acids, and waste products

Cholesterol, bile pigments, bile acids, and waste products (correct)

Bile salts, cholesterol, and waste products

Which vitamin is required by the liver for the synthesis of prothrombin and other clotting factors?

$Vitamin$ $K$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the enterohepatic circulation of bile?

$Reabsorbing$ $bile$ $salts$ $into$ $the$ $blood$ $from$ $the$ $small$ $intestine$ Signup and view all the answers

What happens to ammonia produced during gluconeogenesis in the liver?

$It's$ $converted$ $to$ $urea$ Signup and view all the answers

Which blood supply provides glucose to the liver for storage as glycogen?

Portal venous blood supply Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the liver in fat metabolism?

Breaking down fat for energy and producing ketone bodies Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of albumin synthesized by the liver?

Maintaining fluid balance in the body Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of hepatocytes in the liver?

Performing various metabolic functions Signup and view all the answers

What happens to 25 OH D3 in the liver?

It's hydroxylated to form active vitamin D Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Liver Functions

The primary function of the liver is to filter blood, detoxify, and perform various metabolic processes.

Liver Viability

A minimum of 25% functioning liver tissue is required to sustain life.

Bile Composition

Bile is composed of water, bile salts, cholesterol, and bilirubin.

Vitamin K and Liver Function

Vitamin K is necessary for the liver to synthesize prothrombin and other clotting factors.

Enterohepatic Circulation of Bile

The primary function of the enterohepatic circulation of bile is to recycle bile salts and fat-soluble vitamins.

Ammonia in the Liver

During gluconeogenesis, ammonia is produced in the liver and converted into urea for excretion.

Glucose Supply to the Liver

The hepatic artery supplies glucose to the liver for storage as glycogen.

Liver and Fat Metabolism

The primary role of the liver in fat metabolism is to regulate lipid synthesis and breakdown.

Function of Albumin

The primary function of albumin synthesized by the liver is to maintain plasma oncotic pressure and transport fatty acids.

Hepatocyte Function

The main function of hepatocytes in the liver is to perform various metabolic processes, including detoxification, synthesis, and storage.

Vitamin D3 in the Liver

In the liver, 25 OH D3 is converted into calcitriol, the active form of vitamin D.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the liver with this quiz. Learn about its location, lobes, and functions as the largest gland in the body.