Liver Anatomy and Functions

Location: Right upper quadrant of the abdominal cavity, beneath the diaphragm
Shape: Irregular, triangular shape with two lobes (right and left)
Functions:
- Detoxification: filters blood from the digestive system
- Metabolism: regulates energy, nutrient, and hormone production
- Storage: stores glycogen, vitamins, and minerals
Structures:
- Lobules: functional units of the liver, consisting of hepatic cells and sinusoids
- Hepatic cells: responsible for metabolic and detoxification processes
- Sinusoids: specialized blood vessels that allow for exchange of substances between blood and hepatic cells
- Bile ducts: transport bile from the liver to the gallbladder and small intestine

Overview: a complex system that breaks down food into nutrients for absorption and utilization
Organs:
1. Mouth: mechanical and chemical breakdown of food
2. Esophagus: muscular tube that transports food to the stomach
3. Stomach: mixes food with digestive enzymes and acids
4. Small intestine: absorbs nutrients into the bloodstream
5. Pancreas: produces digestive enzymes and hormones
6. Liver: produces bile and aids in digestion and nutrient absorption
7. Gallbladder: stores and releases bile into the small intestine
8. Large intestine: absorbs water, electrolytes, and vitamins, and eliminates waste

Overview: a muscular, hollow organ that pumps blood throughout the body
Chambers:
1. Right atrium: receives oxygen-depleted blood from the body
2. Right ventricle: pumps blood from the right atrium to the lungs
3. Left atrium: receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs
4. Left ventricle: pumps blood from the left atrium to the rest of the body
Valves:
- Tricuspid valve: separates the right atrium and ventricle
- Pulmonary valve: separates the right ventricle and pulmonary artery
- Mitral valve: separates the left atrium and ventricle
- Aortic valve: separates the left ventricle and aorta
Blood vessels:
- Pulmonary artery: carries oxygen-depleted blood from the heart to the lungs
- Aorta: carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body

Located in the right upper quadrant of the abdominal cavity, beneath the diaphragm
Irregular, triangular shape with two lobes (right and left)
Performs detoxification by filtering blood from the digestive system
Regulates energy, nutrient, and hormone production through metabolism
Stores glycogen, vitamins, and minerals
Consists of functional units called lobules, comprising hepatic cells and sinusoids
Hepatic cells are responsible for metabolic and detoxification processes
Sinusoids are specialized blood vessels that enable exchange of substances between blood and hepatic cells
Bile ducts transport bile from the liver to the gallbladder and small intestine

A complex system that breaks down food into nutrients for absorption and utilization
Involves mechanical and chemical breakdown of food in the mouth
Food is transported to the stomach through the esophagus
Stomach mixes food with digestive enzymes and acids
Small intestine absorbs nutrients into the bloodstream
Pancreas produces digestive enzymes and hormones
Liver produces bile and aids in digestion and nutrient absorption
Gallbladder stores and releases bile into the small intestine
Large intestine absorbs water, electrolytes, and vitamins, and eliminates waste

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