Liver Anatomy and Functions Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a ligament of the liver?

  • Ligamentum Teres
  • Gastrohepatic ligament
  • Splenorenal ligament (correct)
  • Falciform ligament
  • Which area of the liver is in direct contact with the diaphragm?

  • The right lobe
  • The left lobe
  • The quadrate lobe
  • The bare area (correct)
  • What is the approximate size relationship between the right and left lobes of the liver?

  • The right lobe is approximately 6 times larger than the left lobe. (correct)
  • The lobes are approximately the same size.
  • The left lobe is approximately 6 times larger than the right lobe.
  • The right lobe is approximately 2 times larger than the left lobe.
  • Which of the following is a characteristic of Glisson's capsule?

    <p>It covers the entire liver, is fibrous and contains blood vessels, nerves and lymphatics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the right lobe of the liver primarily located?

    <p>The right hypochondrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures does NOT belong to the portal triad?

    <p>Hepatic Vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the portal veins within the liver?

    <p>To transport nutrient and toxin-rich blood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the caudate lobe differ in its venous drainage compared to the rest of the liver?

    <p>It drains directly into the inferior vena cava (IVC) via emissary veins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly describes the direction of blood flow within the hepatic veins?

    <p>Away from the liver.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not considered a segment of the liver?

    <p>Inferior Segment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of a portal triad?

    <p>Central vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Kupffer cells within the liver?

    <p>Filtering and removing toxins from the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the role of albumin produced by the liver?

    <p>It acts as a sponge and also as a transport protein.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The liver maintains blood glucose levels primarily through which process?

    <p>Metabolism of carbohydrates and storage as glycogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The liver is responsible for the production of a significant amount of lymph. What is the main function of this lymph?

    <p>Transporting proteins and water throughout the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would you expect to see in a patient with a myocardial infarction based on the content provided?

    <p>Increased AST without increased ALT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient presents with jaundice and elevated ALP. Which of the following conditions should be considered as a primary concern based on the content?

    <p>Obstructive liver disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Increased levels of both AST and ALT are generally indicative of which condition?

    <p>Liver damage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a patient’s Liver Function Tests show that their AST levels are significantly greater than their ALT levels, this may indicate?

    <p>Alcohol-related issues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient with decreased ALP is most likely experiencing which of the following based on the information provided?

    <p>Malnutrition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the anatomical relationship of the portal vein within the liver segments?

    <p>Intrasegmental</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anatomical structure divides the liver into the right and left lobes?

    <p>The main lobar fissure/middle hepatic vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In situs inversus totalis, how are the organs positioned?

    <p>All organs are 'flip-flopped' and the heart is on the right</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A liver variant presenting as a long extension of the left lobe, often near the spleen, is known as:

    <p>Beaver tail liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A tongue-like extension of the inferior tip of the right lobe of the liver, extending beyond the right kidney, describes which liver variant?

    <p>Riedel's lobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a typical cause of an increased prothrombin time (PT)?

    <p>High cholesterol levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a patient presents with elevated Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and Alanine transaminase (ALT) levels, what condition should be suspected?

    <p>Hepatocellular disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which blood test, produced by the liver, functions as a transport sponge?

    <p>Albumin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a typical ultrasound of a normal liver, how should the echotexture appear?

    <p>Hyperechoic, smooth, and fine-grained</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ultrasound method follows the edge of the liver from the diaphragm to the liver tip?

    <p>Oblique Superior-Inferior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is a key landmark for identifying the left lobe of the liver in an inferior ultrasound image?

    <p>Ligamentum teres</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The portal triad is best visualized in which area?

    <p>In the porta hepatis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true of hepatic veins on ultrasound?

    <p>They have thin echogenic walls and drain into the IVC.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What best describes the liver's echogenicity compared to other organs?

    <p>More echogenic than the renal cortex, but less echogenic than the pancreas and spleen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic helps differentiate portal veins from hepatic veins on an ultrasound?

    <p>Portal veins have thick, echogenic walls, while hepatic veins have thin, echogenic walls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal transverse measurement range for the liver in an adult?

    <p>20-22.5 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a transverse ultrasound image, how are hepatic veins typically oriented relative to the liver segments?

    <p>Horizontally, running intersegmental and intra-segmental,</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the relationship between liver weight and body weight in adult females?

    <p>Approximately 1/34 of total body weight.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a ligament associated with the liver?

    <p>Splenorenal ligament.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be associated with discrepancies in perfusion between the right and caudate lobes of the liver?

    <p>Shrinkage of the caudate and/or right lobes due to cirrhosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions might be associated with enlargement of the caudate lobe of the liver?

    <p>Thrombosis of hepatic veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the blood supply to the liver is typically oxygenated?

    <p>40-50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes the Doppler signal produced by hepatic veins?

    <p>Continuous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the portal vein in the liver's blood supply?

    <p>To supply nutrient-rich but oxygen-poor blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the liver?

    <p>Hormone Synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can increased indirect bilirubin levels in the blood indicate?

    <p>Gilbert Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a decrease in direct bilirubin levels suggest?

    <p>Obstructive liver disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does elastography assess liver condition?

    <p>By analyzing the speed of sound beam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a limitation of ultrasonography in diagnosing liver conditions?

    <p>It cannot diagnose bilirubin levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by increased indirect bilirubin production?

    <p>Crigler-Najjar Syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

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