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Questions and Answers
During which age did ordinary mortals and cultural heroes become the main subject matter of literature?
During which age did ordinary mortals and cultural heroes become the main subject matter of literature?
- Enlightenment Age
- Prehistoric Age
- Heroic Age (correct)
- Mythological Age
What is the main purpose of chanting epics during important events in the community?
What is the main purpose of chanting epics during important events in the community?
- To inspire people and remind them of ideals and values (correct)
- To entertain children
- To spread gossip
- To debate political issues
What is the main difference between proverbs and riddles?
What is the main difference between proverbs and riddles?
- Proverbs are longer than riddles
- Proverbs are only in written form
- Riddles are more philosophical
- Riddles have answers while proverbs don't (correct)
Which writing system was derived from the Javanese script?
Which writing system was derived from the Javanese script?
What is the primary characteristic of folktales?
What is the primary characteristic of folktales?
Which term refers to the study of how linguistic elements form phrases, clauses, or sentences?
Which term refers to the study of how linguistic elements form phrases, clauses, or sentences?
What is the Baybayin writing system composed of?
What is the Baybayin writing system composed of?
In the linguistic context, what does New Historicism focus on?
In the linguistic context, what does New Historicism focus on?
What is a key strategy for reading a text through the linguistic context?
What is a key strategy for reading a text through the linguistic context?
Which type of words does linguistic context prompt readers to analyze in a text?
Which type of words does linguistic context prompt readers to analyze in a text?
What is the focus of Postcolonialism as a literary perspective?
What is the focus of Postcolonialism as a literary perspective?
Which approach considers not only when a literary text was written but also how historical events occurred?
Which approach considers not only when a literary text was written but also how historical events occurred?
What is the main focus of sociocultural literary theory?
What is the main focus of sociocultural literary theory?
What is the main concern of Queer Theory in literary analysis?
What is the main concern of Queer Theory in literary analysis?
Which perspective examines the role of women in literature?
Which perspective examines the role of women in literature?
According to sociocultural literary theory, what does Marxism primarily focus on?
According to sociocultural literary theory, what does Marxism primarily focus on?
How does Feminist perspective contribute to literary analysis?
How does Feminist perspective contribute to literary analysis?
What is the primary focus of Queer Theory when analyzing literature?
What is the primary focus of Queer Theory when analyzing literature?
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Study Notes
Literary Perspectives
- Historicist perspective deals with the history that influenced the writing of literature
- Postcolonialism perspective examines the changes in attitude of post-colonies after the colonial period
- New Historicism perspective focuses on the history when the literary text was written and how the history happened
Linguistic Context
- Refers to the study of language
- Strategies to analyze a text through linguistic context: • Analyze the diction or choice of words in the text • Examine the text's syntax or use of sentences, clauses, phrases, line cuts, etc. • Observe the use of figurative language • Analyze the mood and tone of the text • Observe the text's overall structure
Guide Questions for Linguistic Context
- What were the striking words in the text?
- What words were unfamiliar to you?
- Which words attracted your attention?
- What words were dramatic?
- What nouns are the most prominent?
- Are these concrete or abstract nouns?
- What about verbs?
- Does the author use common words or lofty diction?
- Are the words short or long?
- Is there any word that has two or more meanings?
Ancient Filipino Writing
- Early Filipinos wrote on palm leaves or bamboo using knives as pens and sap from plants and trees as ink
- The ancient Tagalog script had seventeen basic syllables composed of three vowels and fourteen consonants
- Baybayin is a writing system derived from Kavi, a Javanese (Indonesian) script
Literary Periods
- Mythological Age: stories about the creation of human beings and the world, natural phenomena, and deities and spirits
- Heroic Age: ordinary mortals and cultural heroes became the chief subject matter
- Epics became a popular genre chanted during important events in the community to inspire people and remind the community of their ideals and values
Forms of Literature
- Proverbs: practical observations and philosophy of everyday life, usually in rhyming scheme
- Riddles: like proverbs but demand answers and are used to test the wits of those who are listening
Literary Theory
- Refers to different schools of thought or body of ideas used as a tool in understanding literary context
- Sociocultural context: of, relating to, or involving a combination of cultural and social factors
Guide Questions for Sociocultural Context
- What is the relationship between the characters or speakers in the text and their society?
- Does the text explicitly address issues of gender, race, or class?
- How does the text resolve these issues?
- Who has the power?
- Who does not?
- What is the reason for this setup?
- How does this story reflect the nation?
- What does this say about the country and its inhabitants?
- Who has the economic or social power?
- Is there oppression or class struggle?
- How do the characters overcome this?
Sociocultural Perspectives
- Marxist perspective: social class struggle
- Feminist perspective: examines the role of women in literature
- Queer Theory: concerned with the queer or the third gender
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