Literary Devices and Patterns of Development

Literary Devices and Patterns of Development

• Literary devices and patterns of development are used to structure and enhance writing.
• Analogy: Illustrates unfamiliar concepts by comparing them to familiar ones.
• Analysis: Breaking down something into its component parts to understand it better.
• Spatial Organization: Describing something from a specific point of view, like from top to bottom, or near to far.
• Chronological Organization: Describing events in the order they occurred. (First, next, during, finally).
• Structural Organization: Examining the relationship between parts of a whole, such as functions and matrices.
• Process Analysis: Describing how something is done or how something happens.
• Definition: Defining a concept or idea by stating what it is and what it isn't, and highlighting key characteristics that distinguish it from other concepts.
• Comparison and Contrast: Examining similarities and differences between ideas, objects, and so on.
• Cause and Effect: Examining why something happens and its consequences.

Patterns of Development (continued)

• General to Specific: Starting with a broad statement and then providing more specific details.
• Specific to General: Starting with specific examples and building towards a broader conclusion.
• Abstract to Concrete: Moving from abstract concepts to concrete examples.
• Concrete to Abstract: Moving from concrete examples to abstract concepts.
• Problem-Solution: Presenting a problem and then proposing a solution.
• Counterargument: Addressing opposing viewpoints.
• Question-Answer: Form the basis of an idea by asking and answering questions.
• Classification: Grouping items into categories based on shared traits.
• Description: Detailing sensory qualities of a person, place, thing, or feeling.
• Narration: Telling a story or recounting events in sequence.
• Illustration: Supporting an idea with visual aids or examples.
• Parallelism: Using similar grammatical structures for similar ideas or events within a sentence or among sentences (e.g., "and, or").
• Repetition of Key Terms: Repeating words or phrases to emphasize an idea.
• Shift in Perspective/Tone: Shifting the viewpoint or emotional tone of writing
• Climatic Organization: Presenting details or ideas in order of increasing importance.
• Anecdote: A short story used to illustrate a point.
• Irony: Using words in a way that their intended meaning is different from the actual meaning.
• Aporia: Questioning oneself or the audience.

Additional Elements

• Tonal Ambiguity: Encourages critical thinking and multiple interpretations of a text.
• On the One Hand... On the Other Hand... Presenting opposing viewpoints simultaneously.
• Affect/Pathos: Using emotion-evoking language to connect with the audience.