Literary Abbreviations and Historical Works
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Questions and Answers

What does the abbreviation 'cons.' stand for?

Consonant.

What does 'cpd.' stand for?

Compound.

What field of study does the abbreviation 'Ecol.' refer to?

Ecology.

What does et al. stand for?

<p>et alii, 'and others'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Provide the meaning of etc..

<p>et cetera.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which historical chronicle was authored by Kalhan?

<p>Rajatarangini</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name two literary works by Kalidasa.

<p>Meghdoot and Abhigyan Shakuntalam</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the title of the famous treatise on statecraft by Kautilya?

<p>Arthashashtra</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which work is Mahatma Gandhi known for that chronicles his life experiences?

<p>My Experiments With Truth</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is the author of "India Wins Freedom"?

<p>Maulana Abul Kalam Azad</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one notable work by Premchand.

<p>Godan</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which novel is R.K. Narayan known for that provides a narrative of Indian life?

<p>Guide or Malgudi Days</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who penned the poetry collection Gitanjali?

<p>Rabindranath Tagore</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does ab initio mean?

<p>From the beginning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does ad hoc mean?

<p>For the purpose or at hand.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Alma mater mean?

<p>Gracious mother; a term of respect used by students for their old university or college.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does alter ego mean?

<p>One's other self; very intimate friends.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does coup d'etat mean?

<p>An abrupt change of government by force.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does de facto mean?

<p>In reality; in point of fact.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does divide et impera mean?

<p>Divide and rule.</p> Signup and view all the answers

For what contributions was V.S. Naipaul awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature?

<p>For uniting perceptive narrative and incorruptible scrutiny in works that compel us to see the presence of suppressed histories.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the language and country of origin of Imre Kertész, the 2002 Nobel Laureate in Literature?

<p>Hungarian, Hungary.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what language does J.M Coetzee primarily write?

<p>English.</p> Signup and view all the answers

For what characteristic of her writing was Elfriede Jelinek awarded the Nobel Prize?

<p>For her musical flow of voices and counter-voices in novels and plays that reveal the absurdity of society's clichés and their subjugating power.</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Nobel Prize committee, what does Harold Pinter's plays uncover?

<p>The precipice under everyday prattle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What city is Orhan Pamuk known for exploring in his works?

<p>His native city.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Doris Lessing is known as an 'epicist' of what type of experience?

<p>The female experience.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristics define Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio's writing style?

<p>New departures, poetic adventure and sensual ecstasy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is believed to have founded the ancient Olympic Games?

<p>Heracles, the son of Zeus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Herta Müller's writing is described as having the concentration of what literary form?

<p>Poetry.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what year were the first recorded Olympic Games held?

<p>776 BCE.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What themes does Mario Vargas Llosa explore in his cartography of structures?

<p>Power and the individual's resistance, revolt, and defeat.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Tomas Tranströmer's work provide fresh access to?

<p>Reality.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What event did Coroebus win to become the first Olympic champion?

<p>The stade, a run of approximately 192 meters.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What year did the Roman emperor Theodosius I abolish the ancient Olympic Games?

<p>393 CE.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mo Yan's writing merges what three elements?

<p>Folk tales, history and the contemporary.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is Pierre de Coubertin and what is he known for?

<p>Pierre de Coubertin was a French aristocrat known for reviving the Olympic Games.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Alice Munro is recognized as a master of what literary form?

<p>The contemporary short story.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What conclusion did Coubertin make about the education of German, British, and American children?

<p>He concluded that exercise and sports contributed to a well-rounded and vigorous person.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of human existence does Patrick Modiano evoke through his art of memory?

<p>The most ungraspable human destinies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What organization did Coubertin found in 1890?

<p>The Union des Sociétés Francaises de Sports Athlétiques (USFSA).</p> Signup and view all the answers

Svetlana Alexievich's writings are described as a monument to what?

<p>Suffering and courage in our time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Coubertin advocate for at the meeting in Paris on November 25, 1892?

<p>He pitched his idea to revive the Olympic Games.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum number of players that can play on the field at the same time in a basketball team?

<p>Five players.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long is each half of a basketball game?

<p>20 minutes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of the name 'Cricket'?

<p>It is derived from 'Cyres', an old English term for a stick.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When and where was the first recorded cricket match played?

<p>It was played in Sussex in 1697.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What weight range must a cricket ball fall within?

<p>Between 5.5 and 5.75 ounces.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum width of a cricket bat?

<p>4 1/4 inches.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant event for women's cricket took place in the 18th century?

<p>Women first played cricket in England.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which country played in the first Test match of cricket in 1877?

<p>Australia and England.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

ab initio

A Latin phrase meaning 'from the beginning.'

ad interim

A Latin term meaning 'meanwhile' or 'in the meantime.'

Alma mater

A Latin term for 'gracious mother,' referring to a school or university one attended.

coup d'état

A sudden and often violent overthrow of a government.

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de facto

A Latin phrase meaning 'in reality' or 'in practice.'

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de jure

A Latin term meaning 'by law,' signifying something that is legally recognized.

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en bloc

A French term meaning 'as a group' rather than separately.

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eureka

A Greek exclamation showing triumph in discovery, meaning 'I have found it.'

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ex officio

A Latin term meaning 'by virtue of one's office.'

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eminent

Signifying someone who is famous and respected within a particular sphere.

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First Olympic Games

Held in 776 BCE with records, featuring Coroebus as champion.

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Coroebus

First Olympic champion, a runner from Elis.

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Theodosius I

Roman emperor who abolished the ancient Olympic Games in 393 CE.

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Pierre de Coubertin

Reviver of the modern Olympic Games, began in late 1800s.

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USFSA

Union des Sociétés Francaises de Sports Athlétiques, founded by Coubertin in 1890.

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Cultural Influence

Coubertin believed sports improved vigor in individuals and nations.

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Revival of Olympics

Coubertin pitched the idea to renew the Olympics in 1894 after years of absence.

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Franco-Prussian War

Conflict in 1870 influencing Coubertin's views on sports.

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Conjunction

A word that connects clauses or sentences.

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Demonstrative

A word that specifies nouns (e.g., this, that).

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Derivative

A word formed from another word.

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Diminutive

A word that signifies smallness.

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Etymology

The study of the origin of words.

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Euphemistically

Using mild or indirect words instead of harsh ones.

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Exempli gratia

Latin term meaning 'for example'.

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Et cetera

Latin term meaning 'and other things'.

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Kalidasa

A renowned classical Sanskrit author known for works like Meghdoot and Abhigyan Shakuntalam.

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Kautilya

An ancient Indian philosopher and economist, author of Arthashastra, a treatise on statecraft.

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Gandhi, Mahatma

Leader of the Indian independence movement against British rule, known for his philosophy of non-violence.

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Tagore, Rabindranath

A celebrated poet and Nobel laureate known for works like Gitanjali and Chitra.

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Premchand

An influential Hindi-Urdu writer known for his novels focusing on social issues like Godan and Sevasadan.

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Mistry, Rohinton

A contemporary Indian author known for 'A Fine Balance', exploring themes of struggle and resilience.

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Narayan, R.K.

An Indian writer known for his creation of the fictional town of Malgudi and books like The Guide.

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Azad, Maulana Abul Kalam

A prominent freedom fighter and journalist, author of 'India Wins Freedom', chronicling India's struggle for independence.

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Basketball Team Size

Each team consists of 12-15 players, with 5 on the field at a time.

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Basketball Playing Time

The game consists of two halves of 20 minutes each, with a 10-minute interval.

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Basketball Important Terms

Key terms in basketball include basket, dribbling, and free throw.

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Origin of Cricket

Cricket is believed to have originated in England from the old English word ‘Cyres’.

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First Recorded Cricket Match

The first recorded match of cricket was played in Sussex in 1697.

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First Test Match

The first test match was played in 1877, with Australia defeating England.

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Women's Cricket History

Women’s cricket began in the 18th century in England and expanded globally afterwards.

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Cricket Ball Specifications

A cricket ball weighs 5.5 to 5.75 ounces and has a circumference of 8.5 to 9 inches.

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S. Naipaul

Nobel laureate known for uniting Trinidad and Tobago's narratives in his works.

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Imre Kertész

Hungarian author praised for highlighting individual suffering against historical brutality.

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J.M. Coetzee

South African writer recognized for the outsider’s perspective in literature.

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Elfriede Jelinek

Austrian writer known for her unique exploration of society through language.

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Harold Pinter

British playwright famous for exposing hidden oppression in daily conversations.

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Orhan Pamuk

Turkish novelist who creates symbols reflecting cultural clashes and interconnections.

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Doris Lessing

British novelist known for her deep insights into female experiences and social critiques.

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Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio

French author celebrated for poetic explorations beyond conventional civilization.

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Herta Müller

Romanian-German writer known for her poetic depictions of dispossessed lives.

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Mario Vargas Llosa

Peruvian-Spanish novelist recognized for illustrating power structures in society.

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Tomas Tranströmer

Swedish poet acclaimed for his condensed, clear imagery of reality.

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Mo Yan

Chinese writer who combines realism with folk tales and history.

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Alice Munro

Canadian author renowned as a master of contemporary short stories.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Patrick Modiano

French writer celebrated for his artistic representation of memory and lost destinies.

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Svetlana Alexievich

Belarusian author known for her poignant writings on suffering and courage.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Bob Dylan

American musician recognized for innovative poetry in song.

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Study Notes

GKC - Semester IV Units

  • Literature
  • Art & Entertainment Part-I
  • Art & Entertainment Part-II
  • Art & Entertainment Part-III
  • Environmental Studies Social Issues

Unit 1: Literature

  • Important Indian Writers and Their Works (e.g., Kalam, Adiga, Ghosh, Desai, Roy)
  • Important Foreign Writers and Their Works (e.g., Forster, Fitzgerald, Gibbon, Zola)
  • Foreign Words and Phrases in Common Use
  • The Nobel Prizes
    • List of Some Selected Laureates in Literature
    • Nobel Prize Medal

Unit 2: Art & Entertainment Part-I

  • Art & Entertainment
  • Classical Dances of India (Bharata Natyam, Kathak, Kathakali, Kuchipudi, Manipuri, Odissi, Mohiniattam)
  • Indian Cinema
  • Academies and Other Institutions (Sangeet Natak Academy, Sahitya Academy, Lalit Kala Academy & National Book Trust)

Unit 3: Art & Entertainment Part-II

  • History of Abbreviations
  • Some Important Abbreviations
  • Sobriquets
  • The Superlatives

Unit 4: Art & Entertainment Part-III

  • History of The Olympics
  • Olympic Sports
    • Modern Olympics
    • Modern Pentathlon
    • Winter Olympics
  • Olympic Sign and Flag
  • Important Games in Olympics (Archery, Athletics, Basketball, Boxing, Canoeing, Cycling, Equestria, Fencing, Gymnastics, Handball, Judo, Modern Pentathlon, Rowing, Shooting, Swimming, and Wrestling)
  • Olympic Games Host Cities

Unit 5: Environmental Studies Social Issues

  • Social Issues and the Environment
    • Water Conservation
    • Rainwater Harvesting
    • Environmental Ethics
    • Climate Change
    • Global Warming
  • Human Population and the Environment
    • Population Growth
    • Environment and Human Health
    • Value Education
    • HIV/AIDS
    • Women and Child Welfare
    • Role of Information Technology in Environment and Human Health

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GKC Semester 4 Units PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on various literary abbreviations and historical texts. This quiz covers key terms, notable authors, and important works in Indian literature and history. Explore the significance and meanings of abbreviations along with cultural contributions from renowned writers.

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