Literacy Development

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following best describes how oral language development relates to reading development?

  • Reading directly teaches the components of oral language, ensuring a reciprocal relationship.
  • Oral language is a separate skill that does not influence reading.
  • Oral language serves as a foundational bridge, leveraging spoken language complexities to facilitate emergent literacy. (correct)
  • Reading development occurs independently from oral language skills.

Integrating a Venn diagram activity using trade books and historical texts is considered a highly ineffective strategy for teaching students about historical figures.

False (B)

What is the primary focus of phonics instruction?

  • Analyzing the structural elements of sentences.
  • Understanding the meaning of written words through context.
  • Developing an appreciation for literature.
  • Establishing a connection between sounds and written symbols. (correct)

Define phonemic awareness & its role in early literacy development.

<p>Phonemic awareness is the understanding that spoken words can be broken down into individual sounds. It's a foundational skill for learning to read, as it allows children to manipulate and blend sounds to decode words.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A comprehensive, balanced literacy approach for elementary students includes using books from a variety of ______.

<p>resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following reading group types with their corresponding instructional emphasis:

<p>Small group of above-level readers = Emphasizing comprehension skills Small group of below-level readers = Emphasizing decoding strategies Small group of on-level readers = Reading leveled books for both fluency and comprehension Large group of readers at multiple levels = Modeling strategies and setting goals</p> Signup and view all the answers

A fourth-grade teacher plans to integrate historical fiction books into the English Language Arts classroom while teaching social studies. Which formative assessment would be developmentally appropriate?

<p>Using an anticipation guide, group reading, and quizzes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A first-grade teacher needs a developmentally appropriate, formative assessment to gauge students' reading fluency and guide future instruction. Which assessment aligns best with this goal?

<p>Conducting a readers' theater performance. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

DIBELS (Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills) primarily assesses advanced reading comprehension skills in first-grade students.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which two instructional practices are most effective in establishing a literacy-rich environment in an elementary classroom?

<p>Creating dedicated time for independent reading during instructional periods and offering opportunities for students to select their own reading materials. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of lesson plan activities actively promotes effective practices for elementary school English Language Learners (ELLs) at varying proficiency levels?

<p>Activities that involve the identification and comparison of essential concepts. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Using infrequent routines and varied language structures is highly beneficial for elementary English Language Learners (ELLs) in developing their English literacy skills.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which action is most effective when differentiating instruction for elementary English Language Learners (ELLs) to enhance their English literacy skills?

<p>Placing greater emphasis on vocabulary instruction. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A third-grade class demonstrates a wide range of reading abilities, including English Language Learners (ELLs). Briefly describe how to incorporate evidence-based practices effectively to benefit the entire class in literacy instruction.

<p>Include individual reading conferences with all students. This will allow all students to benefit from literacy instruction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A lesson plan should incorporate focused time working on ______ skills for students reading below grade level.

<p>decoding</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a third-grade classroom, students are divided into three reading groups with varied skill levels. What is the most appropriate strategy for differentiating texts to meet their needs?

<p>Assign different texts with themes that align with each group’s text levels. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Teacher book talks are ineffective for students if they are designed to encourage them to read materials that they may not otherwise read.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is the most appropriate evidence-based practice for fostering comprehension of a narrative text?

<p>Story grammar (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which evidence-based practice primarily supports writing instruction through the use of tools like Venn diagrams, semantic mapping, and note-taking?

<p>Writing to learn and understand (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the use of computer texts and games benefit struggling readers who require reinforcement and extension of their grade-level reading skills?

<p>Students who use computer texts and games can have better reinforcement which allows them to have improvements in academic achievement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Oral language development

Students draw on the complexities of spoken language as a bridge to emergent literacy.

Reading and writing connection

Writing extends reading experiences to integrate what students know in a logical way.

Teaching historical figures

Students create Venn diagrams using trade books and their history text.

Phonics

Involves the relationship between sounds and written symbols.

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Phonetic awareness

The understanding that spoken words can be broken into sounds.

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Comprehension Strategies

Flexible plans adapted to a variety of tasks.

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Balanced literacy approach

Using books from a variety of resources.

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Venn Diagram

Allows a comparison of ideas.

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Semantic mapping

Organizes ideas for writing descriptions/graphic organizers

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Appropriate reading strategies

A plan that incorporates experiential learning & guided reading.

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Small group of above-level readers

Emphasize comprehension skills

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Small group of below-level readers

Emphasize decoding strategies

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Small group of on-level readers

Read leveled books for both fluency and comprehension

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Large group of readers

Model strategies and set goals.

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Integrate social studies

The teacher will use an anticipation guide, have students read the book in groups, and take quizzes after they read each chapter.

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Measure reading fluency

Perform a readers' theater

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DIBELS

Letter-name knowledge, nonsense word decoding, and oral-reading fluency

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Tier 2/RTI

Small group instructional intervention

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Literacy-rich environment

Creating time for independent reading during instructional time & structuring regular opportunities for students to choose their reading material

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Best practices for ELLs

Activities involving identification and comparison of important concepts

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Study Notes

  • Oral language development is critical to reading development because students draw on their knowledge of spoken language as a bridge to emergent literacy.
  • Writing extends reading experiences to integrate logical understanding.
  • Venn diagrams using trade books and history texts most effectively assist in teaching students about historical figures' accomplishments.
  • Phonics involves the relationship between sounds and written symbols.
  • Phonetic awareness is the understanding that spoken words can be broken into sounds.
  • Comprehension strategies involve flexible plans adapted to various tasks.
  • A comprehensive and balanced approach to literacy development should include using books from various resources.
  • Venn Diagrams allow a comparison of ideas.
  • Semantic mapping organizes ideas for writing descriptions/graphic organizers.
  • Lesson plans incorporating experiential learning and guided reading provide developmentally appropriate reading strategies for first-graders at the beginning of the year.
  • Small groups of above-level readers emphasize comprehension skills.
  • Small groups of below-level readers emphasize decoding strategies.
  • Small groups of on-level readers read leveled books for both fluency and comprehension.
  • Large groups of readers at multiple levels model strategies and set goals.
  • To integrate social studies into the English language arts classroom, a fourth-grade teacher can use an anticipation guide, have students read in groups, and use quizzes.
  • Readers' theater is a developmentally appropriate, formative assessment to measure students' reading fluency.
  • DIBELS assesses letter-name knowledge, nonsense word decoding, and oral-reading fluency.
  • Tier 2/RTI involves small groups.
  • Creating time for independent reading and structuring regular opportunities for students to choose their reading material help create a literacy-rich environment.
  • Lesson plan activities incorporating current best practices for ELLs involve identification and comparison of important concepts.
  • Repetitive routines and language help ELL students in elementary school develop their English literacy skills.
  • Placing greater emphasis on vocabulary when differentiating instruction helps elementary English language learners develop their English literacy skills.
  • Include individual reading conferences to benefit the entire class in literary instruction in a class with a wide range of reading levels, including ELLs.
  • Focused time working on decoding skills should be included in a lesson plan to meet the needs of students reading below grade level.
  • Different texts with the same theme but appropriate text levels should be assigned to different reading groups with varying skill levels
  • Teacher book talks can motivate students to read materials that they may not read otherwise, and introduce them to genre, theme, and characters.
  • Story grammar is an evidence-based practice for fostering comprehension of a narrative text.
  • Writing to learn and understand uses Venn diagrams, semantic mapping, and note taking
  • Evaluating content before mechanics and conferencing with students are evidence-based practices for responding to students' writing.
  • Programmed reading instruction aids reading development by listening as students read and coaching them.
  • Using computer texts and games benefits students who struggle with reading, helping them practice more at their level and achieve higher academic success.
  • Websites that provide specific information about events can assist sixth-graders researching historical events.
  • A Book Talk is a short presentation about a book with the goal of convincing other people to read it.
  • The partial alphabetic phase involves letter cues are added to context cues in the decoding of print, with students identifying the names and major sounds of most consonants.
  • Consolidated Alphabetic Phase involves the sequence of letters in a word and is important.
  • The full alphabetic phase includes major sound-symbol relationships for each letter are used.
  • Pre-alphabetic phase identifies few letter names or distinguishes few phonemes in words.
  • Phonemic awareness is the ability to hear, identify, and manipulate individual sounds.
  • Phonological awareness is a broad skill that includes identifying and manipulating units of oral language.

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