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Questions and Answers
What describes the breadth dimension of Social Penetration Theory?
Which listening style is characterized by a focus on the content of the message?
Which of the following is NOT one of the listening barriers?
What does the Johari Window concept relate to in interpersonal communication?
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Which listening technique involves rephrasing the speaker's message to show understanding?
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Which characteristic applies to nonverbal communication?
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What does the depth dimension of Social Penetration Theory refer to?
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Which statement regarding verbal communication is correct?
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Explain the difference between active and passive listening.
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Describe how the Johari Window enhances self-awareness in interpersonal communication.
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What role does nonverbal communication play in conveying emotions and attitudes?
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Identify and explain one listening barrier and its impact on communication.
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How do breadth and depth relate to Social Penetration Theory?
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Why is it important to understand different listening styles?
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Define verbal communication and explain its key characteristics.
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What are some consequences of disregarding nonverbal cues in communication?
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Study Notes
Listening
- Hearing is simply perceiving sound, while listening involves paying attention to and understanding the message
- Differentiate active listening from passive listening: Active listening includes engaging with the message, while passive listening involves simply hearing the message.
- Understand pseudolistening: This involves pretending to listen while not actually paying attention.
Listening Process
- The five-step listening process includes: receiving, attending, understanding, remembering, and responding.
Listening Styles
- People-Oriented: Focuses on the speaker's emotions and perspective.
- Action-Oriented: Focuses on the speaker's message and what needs to be done.
- Content-Oriented: Focuses on the details and information of the message.
- Time-Oriented: Focuses on the duration of the message and expects a quick message.
Listening Barriers
- Identify internal barriers that can hinder effective listening, such as physical distractions, psychological distractions, and biases.
- Understand external barriers, such as noise, interruptions, and visual distractions.
Responding to Messages
- Explore the different ways to respond to messages:
- Silent listening: Indicating attentiveness without verbalizing.
- Questioning: Seeking clarification or more information.
- Paraphrasing: Restating the speaker's message in your own words.
- Empathizing: Expressing your understanding of the speaker's feelings.
- Supporting: Offering reassurance or encouragement.
- Analyzing: Providing your own interpretation of the speaker’s message.
- Evaluating: Offering your judgment about the speaker's message.
- Advising: Providing advice or suggestions.
Social Penetration Theory
- Breadth refers to the range of topics discussed in a relationship.
- Depth refers to the level of intimacy and personal information shared in a relationship.
- Frequency refers to how often communication occurs in a relationship.
- Valence refers to the positivity or negativity of the information shared.
Johari Window
- The Johari Window model explains self-disclosure in relationships.
- The four quadrants are:
- Open Self: Information known both to oneself and others.
- Hidden Self: Information known to oneself but not to others.
- Blind Self: Information known to others but not to oneself.
- Unknown Self: Information unknown to both oneself and others.
Nonverbal Communication
- Verbal communication relies on words, while nonverbal communication relies on non-linguistic cues.
- Nonverbal cues are typically more believable than verbal communication.
- Understand how nonverbal cues are ever-present in face-to-face situations.
- Nonverbal communication can enhance or inhibit the understanding of a message.
- Nonverbal communication effectively communicates feelings and attitudes.
- Nonverbal communication can express what verbal cues cannot.
- It can also be more efficient and faster than verbal cues.
- However, nonverbal communication can be ambiguous and challenging to interpret.
Interpreting Nonverbal Messages
- Nonverbal communication is continuous and multichanneled.
- It can be intentional or unintentional.
- Interpretation is culturally based.
- Two dimensions of nonverbal communication include intimacy/involvement and dominance.
Nonverbal Communication Codes
- Be aware of the different nonverbal communication codes, such as:
- Kinesics: body movement and gestures.
- Proxemics: use of space.
- Chronemics: use of time.
- Haptics: touch.
- Vocalics: voice and tone.
- Appearance: clothing and physical appearance.
- Artifacts: objects used to communicate.
Verbal Communication
- Meanings are in people, not words: Individuals interpret words based on their experiences and understanding.
- Words are symbolic: They represent objects, ideas, or concepts.
- Words are arbitrary: They are not inherently connected to their meanings.
- Words are context-bound: Their meanings change based on the situation and other factors.
- Words are culturally bound: Meanings vary between cultures.
- Words are abstract: They represent general concepts rather than specific things.
Listening Misconceptions
- Listening is not the same as hearing.
- People think they listen more than they actually do.
Listening Styles
- People-Oriented - focused on the speaker's feelings
- Action-Oriented - focused on the speaker's goal and what they want to achieve.
- Content-Oriented - focused on facts and details
- Time-Oriented - focused on time constraints and want to get a response back quickly.
Listening Barriers
- Responding - thinking about what to say next rather than listening.
- Judging - making judgments about the speaker before they have finished speaking.
- Emotional Reactions - letting feelings cloud the ability to listen.
- External Distractions - anything in your external environment that distracts you from listening.
Five Step Listening Process
- Hearing - paying attention to the sounds that are made
- Understanding - paying attention to the meaning of the sounds
- Remembering - storing the information in your memory
- Evaluating - deciding the value or importance of the information
- Responding - signaling that you were listening and understanding.
Social Penetration Theory
- The theory states that relationships develop through a process of self-disclosure.
- Increased disclosure often leads to more intimate relationships.
Dimensions of Self Disclosure
- Breadth - the range of topics discussed
- Depth - the level of intimacy in the topics discussed
- Frequency - how often you discuss topics
- Valence - the positivity or negativity of the topics discussed
Johari Window
- Open Self : known to self and others
- Hidden Self : known to self but not others
- Blind Self : known to others, but not to self
- Unknown Self : not known to self or others
Nonverbal Communication
- Nonverbal communication is more believable than verbal communication.
- Nonverbal communication is ever present in face-to-face situations.
- Nonverbal communication can enhance or inhibit understanding.
- Nonverbal cues communicate feelings and attitudes.
- Nonverbal cues can express what verbal cues can’t.
- Nonverbal cues can be more efficient than verbal cues.
Interpreting Nonverbal Messages
- Nonverbal messages are ambiguous.
- Nonverbal communication is continuous.
- Nonverbal communication is multi-channeled.
- Nonverbal communication may be intentional or unintentional.
- The interpretation of nonverbal messages is culturally based.
Intimacy/Involvement and Dominance
- Nonverbal cues can communicate intimacy or involvement.
- Nonverbal cues can communicate dominance.
Nonverbal Communication Codes
- Kinesics- body language including: posture, facial expressions, gestures
- Proxemics - how people use space
- Haptics - touch
- Chronemics - time
- Paralanguage - vocal cues such as volume, pitch, and rate of speech
Verbal Communication
- Meanings are in people, not words
- Words are symbolic
- Words are arbitrary
- Words are context bound
- Words are culturally bound
- Words are abstract
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Description
This quiz explores the essential aspects of listening, including the differences between hearing and listening, the active and passive listening styles, and the five-step listening process. Additionally, it covers various listening styles and barriers that may impede effective communication. Test your understanding of these key concepts related to auditory engagement.
