Lipids Quiz Series
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Questions and Answers

What characterizes lipids in terms of solvent interaction?

  • Soluble in both water and nonpolar solvents
  • No correct response
  • Soluble in water but insoluble in nonpolar solvents
  • Insoluble in water but soluble in nonpolar solvents (correct)

    • Which of the following is not categorized as a biochemical function classification for lipids?

  • Emulsification lipid
  • Messenger lipid
  • No correct response (correct)
  • Membrane lipid

    • The saponifiable/nonsaponiable classification system for lipids is based on

  • lipid behaviour in acidic solution
  • lipid behaviour in basic solution (correct)
  • ability of lipids to react eith alcohols
  • no correct response

    • Which of the following statements concerning it fatty acids is correct?

    <p>They are commonly found in a free state in nature.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which of the following pairs of fatty acids are both members of the pair of polyunsaturated fatty acids?

    <p>18:2 acid and 18:3 acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following fatty acids is an omega-6 fatty acid?

    <p>CH₃—(CH₂)₄—CH=CH—(CH₂)₅—COOH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The double bond present in a monounsaturated fatty acid almost always

    <p>is in a cis-configuration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which of the following pairs of fatty acids does the first listed acid have a greater water solubility than the second listed acid?

    <p>16:0 acid and 18:0 acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which of the following pairs of fatty acids does the first listed acid have a lower melting point than the second listed acid?

    <p>18:2 acid and 18:0 acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a distinguishing characteristic between fats and oils?

    <p>Physical state at room temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Unsaturated fatty acid residues are structural components of which substances?

    <p>Both fats and oils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of human body response to dietary fat, which of the following is considered to be “good fat”?

    <p>Monounsaturated fats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Current dietary recommendations for omega fatty acids include a recommended increase in what?

    <p>Omega-3 fatty acid intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Linolenic acid and linoleic acid, the essential fatty acids, are, respectively,

    <p>18:2 and 18:3 fatty acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    One molecule of a fat or oil, upon complete hydrolysis, produces how many product molecules?

    <p>Four</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Unwanted production of trans fats is associated with which of the following types of triacylglycerol reactions?

    <p>Hydrogenation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on biological function, phospholipids are classified as

    <p>Membrane lipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following types of lipids contain both ester and amide linkages?

    <p>Sphingophospholipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the molecule sphingosine is correct?

    <p>Two hydroxyl groups and one amino group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When the “head and two tails” structural model is applied to a glycerophospholipid, the two tails are

    <p>Both are fatty acid residues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When the “head and two tails” structural model is applied to a sphingophospholipid, the two tails are

    <p>The fatty acid residue and part of the sphingosine molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of the “head and two tails” model for phospholipids

    <p>Both tails are hydrophobic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The number of structural building blocks present in a sphingoglycolipid in which a single monosaccharide unit is present is

    <p>Three</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following types of linkages are always present in a sphingoglycolipid?

    <p>Amide and glycosidic linkage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The biochemical function for the cholesterol present in cell membranes is

    <p>Regulate membrane fluidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The exterior surface positions in a lipid bilayer are occupied by

    <p>Hydrophilic entities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements concerning bile acids is incorrect?

    <p>They are insoluble in water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following membrane transport mechanisms requires both the aid of proteins and the expenditure of cellular energy?

    <p>Active transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a correct pairing of concepts?

    <p>Male sex hormones and androgens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substances is associated with Na+/K+ balance in the human body?

    <p>Aldosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The metabolic precursor for the production of most eicosanoids is

    <p>Arachidonic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Aspirin reduces inflammation and fever by inhibiting the formation of which of the following types of messenger lipids?

    <p>Prostaglandins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many structural “subunits” are present in the block diagram for a triacylglycerol?

    <p>four</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many ester linkages are present in a triacylglycerol molecule?

    <p>three</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many different simple triglyceride molecules can be produced that include glycerol, stearic acid, and palmitic acid as part of their structure?

    <p>zero</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many different mixed triglyceride molecules can be produced that include glycerol, stearic acid, and palmitic acid as part of their structure?

    <p>four</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Triacylglycerol hydrolysis associated with the human digestive process most often produces which of the following?

    <p>a monoacylglycerol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are the expected products when a fat undergoes saponification?

    <p>glycerol and fatty acid salts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Unwanted production of trans fats is associated with which of the following types of triacylglycerol reactions?

    <p>hydrogenation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The effect of partial hydrogenation of a fat or oil is which of the following?

    <p>decrease in the degree of fatty acid unsaturation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the oxidation of fats and oils, which structural part of the molecule is attacked by the oxidizing agent?

    <p>carbon–carbon double bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The “steroid nucleus” common to all steroid structures involves a fused-ring system that contains

    <p>three 6-membered rings and one 5-membered ring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following types of membrane lipids has a steroid structure?

    <p>cholesterol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements concerning cholesterol is correct?

    <p>An alcohol functional group is present in its structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following polarity-based descriptions is correct for the interior of a lipid bilayer?

    <p>contains “nonpolar tails”</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements concerning structural characteristics of bile acids is correct?

    <p>More hydroxyl groups are present than in cholesterol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements concerning steroid hormones is correct?

    <p>All of them are cholesterol derivatives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Aspirin reduces inflammation and fever by inhibiting the formation of which of the following types of messenger lipids?

    <p>prostaglandins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many structural subunits are present in the "block diagram" for a biological wax?

    <p>two</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following functional groups is present in biological waxes?

    <p>ester</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The number of carbon chains present in the structures of biological waxes and mineral waxes are, respectively,

    <p>2 and 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which of the following pairs of lipid types are both members of the pair classified as saponifiable lipids?

    <p>triacylglycerols and biological waxes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many "building blocks" are present in the block diagram structure of a nonsaponifiable lipid?

    <p>one</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements concerning bond breaking that occurs under saponification conditions is incorrect?

    <p>no correct response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Lipids - Quiz 1

    • A lipid is any biomolecule that is insoluble in water but soluble in nonpolar solvents
    • Lipids are not classified as messengers
    • Saponifiable/nonsaponifiable classification of lipids is based on their ability to react with alcohols in basic solution

    Lipids - Quiz 2

    • Fatty acids are naturally occurring, typically found in the free state, but most frequently contain an even number of carbon atoms
    • 18:1 acid and 18:2 acid are not polyunsaturated fatty acids
    • 18:2 acid is an omega-6 fatty acid
    • The double bond in a monounsaturated fatty acid is typically in the cis configuration and involves the second carbon from the carboxyl end of the carbon chain
    • 18:0 acid has greater water solubility than 14:0 acid

    Lipids - Quiz 3

    • Complete hydrolysis of a fat or oil produces three product molecules
    • Triacylglycerol hydrolysis is associated with the digestive process and often produces monoacylglycerol
    • Products of saponification are glycerol and fatty acid salts
    • Partial hydrogenation of a fat or oil decreases the degree of fatty acid unsaturation and decreases the melting point.

    Lipids - Quiz 4

    • There are three structural subunits in a triacylglycerol
    • There are three ester linkages in a triacylglycerol molecule
    • There is only one simple triglyceride molecule containing glycerol, stearic acid, and palmitic acid
    • There are three mixed triglyceride molecules containing glycerol, stearic acid, and palmitic acid
    • The physical state at room temperature distinguishes fats and oils, fats are typically solid, and oils are typically liquid.
    • Unsaturated fatty acids are components of both fats and oils

    Lipids - Quiz 5

    • Monounsaturated fats are considered "good fats."

    Lipids - Quiz 6

    • One molecule of fat or oil produces three molecules when hydrolyzed completely
    • Triacylglycerol hydrolysis in the digestive process usually yields a monoacylglycerol
    • Saponification of fat produces glycerol and fatty acid salts
    • Hydrogenation of fat increases the degree of fatty acid unsaturation and decreases the melting point

    Lipids - Quiz 7

    • Phospholipids are classified as membrane lipids
    • Sphingophospholipids contain both ester and amide linkages
    • Sphingosine has two hydroxyl groups and one amino group
    • In glycerophospholipids, the tails are fatty acid residues
    • In sphingophospholipids, the tails are a fatty acid residue and a part of the sphingosine molecule
    • Both tails of a phospholipid are hydrophobic; neither tails are hydrophilic
    • The attacking part of oxygen radicals in the oxidation of fats and oils includes carbon-carbon double bonds

    Lipids - Quiz 8

    • A sphingoglycolipid has two building blocks that include an amide linkage and a glycosidic linkage
    • There are three structural building blocks in a single sphingoglycolipid
    • Steroid nucleus involves four 6-membered rings

    Lipids - Quiz 9

    • Steroid structures have a fused ring system which contains three 6-membered rings and one 5-membered ring
    • Cholesterol is a steroid structure
    • A steroid structure is present in cholesterol (alcohol present) and is considered part of the human body's lipoprotein HDL distribution cholesterol

    Lipids - Quiz 10

    • The exterior surface of a lipid bilayer is occupied by hydrophilic entities

    Lipids - Quiz 11

    • Bile acids are cholesterol derivatives that are emulsifying agents and are not soluble in water
    • Bile acids have more hydroxyl groups than cholesterol

    Lipids - Quiz 12

    • All steroid hormones are cholesterol derivatives
    • Female sex hormones like estrogens and progestins are related to pregnancy
    • Male sex hormones such as androgens include testosterone

    Lipids - Quiz 13

    • Arachidonic acid is the precursor of the production of most eicosanoids
    • Aspirin reduces inflammation and fever by inhibiting the formation of prostaglandins
    • The structural part of eicosanoids is cyclopentane
    • Biological waxes have two carbon chains

    Lipids - Quiz 14

    • Two examples of saponifiable lipids are triacylglycerols and glycerophospholipids
    • A nonsaponifiable lipid contains one structural building block
    • Ester linkages break under saponification conditions

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    Description

    Test your knowledge about lipids with this series of quizzes covering their classifications, properties, and chemical reactions. From fatty acids to hydrolysis, explore various aspects of these important biomolecules. Perfect for students in biology or biochemistry courses.

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