Lipids and Their Functions Quiz

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Which type of fatty acid is known for providing essential nutrients such as linoleic acid and linolenic acid?

Saturated fatty acids

Unsaturated fatty acids

Trans fatty acids

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (correct)

What is the primary function of lipids in the body?

Source of energy (correct)

Aid in muscle contraction

Promote red blood cell production

Enhance bone density

Which type of fatty acid has a hydrophilic end and a hydrophobic end?

Saturated fatty acids

Trans fatty acids

Phospholipids (correct)

Monounsaturated fatty acids

What is the main difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

Presence of double bonds Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of lipids in providing insulation to the body?

Regulating body temperature Signup and view all the answers

What are the six types of lipids mentioned in the text?

<ol> <li>Fatty acids 2. Neutral fats and oils 3. Waxes 4. Phospholipid 5. Sterols 6. Fat soluble vitamins</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What are the functions of lipids in the body?

Some functions of lipids in the body include serving as a source of energy, providing insulation, supplying essential fatty acids, helping in the formation of cell membranes, carrying fat-soluble vitamins, and contributing to flavor and taste. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids?

Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds between carbon atoms. Signup and view all the answers

What are the names and structures of the three naturally-occurring fatty acids mentioned in the text?

Linoleic acid: Cis, cis, 9, 12 - Octadecadienoic acid Linolenic acid: Cis, cis, cis 9, 12, 15 - Octadecatrienoic acid Arachidonic acid: Cis, cis, cis, cis 5, 8, 11, 14 - Eicosatetraenoic acid Signup and view all the answers

What is the shorthand notation for 8:2 (D3,6) and what does it represent?

The shorthand notation is used for fatty acids, and 8:2 (D3,6) represents an octanoic acid with double bonds at positions 3 and 6. Signup and view all the answers

What are the indications for an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)?

<ol> <li>Patient with symptoms of diabetes mellitus, but with no glycosuria and fasting blood sugar value is normal. 2) During pregnancy, excessive weight gaining is noticed, with a past history of big baby (more than 4 kg) or a past history of miscarriage. 3) Patient with renal glycosuria (sugar excreted in the urine despite normal levels in the blood and no clinical symptoms of DM) is suspected. 4) Person with a strong family history of diabetes but with no overt diabetes.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What are the contra-indications for an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)?

There is no indication for doing OGTT in a person with confirmed diabetes mellitus. It is indicated only for the initial diagnosis. Signup and view all the answers

How should a patient prepare for an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)?

<ol> <li>Instructed to have good carbohydrate diet for 3 days prior to the test. 2) Diet containing about 30-50 g of carbohydrate should be taken on the evening prior the test. 3) Avoid drugs that influence blood glucose levels for at least 2 days prior to the test. 4) Avoid strenuous exercise on the previous day.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)?

To determine how quickly glucose is cleared from the blood after ingestion of a standard dose of glucose. Signup and view all the answers

What are the possible situations where urine samples may be collected along with the fasting and 2-hour blood tests during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)?

When a patient with renal glycosuria is suspected, where sugar is excreted in the urine despite normal levels in the blood and no clinical symptoms of diabetes mellitus. Signup and view all the answers