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Questions and Answers
What are lipids primarily used for in living organisms?
Long-term energy storage
Which of the following are categories of lipids? (Select all that apply)
Lipids are hydrophilic and mix well with water.
False
Triglycerides are made up of ______ and fatty acids.
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What is the chemical process called that links glycerol with fatty acids to form triglycerides?
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Which part of the fatty acid molecule is hydrophilic?
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Which fatty acid type contains only single bonds?
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In saturated fatty acids, the hydrocarbon chain is ______.
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What defines an unsaturated fatty acid?
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Study Notes
Lipids
- Biomolecules with primary function of long-term energy storage
- Primarily hydrophobic
- Made up of mostly carbon-hydrogen bonds (hydrocarbons)
Types of Lipids
- Triglycerides
- Phospholipids
- Steroids
- Waxes
Triglycerides
- Include fats and oils
- Fats are solid at room temperature and used by animals for long-term energy storage
- Oils are liquid at room temperature and used by plants for long-term energy storage
- Composed of glycerol and fatty acids
Glycerol
- Three-carbon chain
- Each carbon atom has a hydroxyl (-OH) group attached
Fatty Acids
- Three separate chains chemically bonded to glycerol
- Contain a carboxyl group at the polar end and a hydrocarbon chain at the nonpolar tail
- Amphipathic due to the hydrophilic carboxyl group and hydrophobic hydrocarbon tail
Saturated Fatty Acids
- Only single bonds
- Straight hydrocarbon tail
Unsaturated Fatty Acids
- Carbon-carbon double bonds in the chain
- Usually have a cis configuration at the double bond
- Cis configuration puts a kink in the hydrocarbon tail
- Trans configuration creates a straight hydrocarbon tail, similar to saturated fatty acids
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Description
Explore the fascinating world of lipids, essential biomolecules primarily known for their role in long-term energy storage. This quiz covers various types of lipids, including triglycerides, phospholipids, and fatty acids, along with their structural features and functions. Test your knowledge on saturated and unsaturated fatty acids and their implications in biological systems.
