Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following are types of Lipids?
Which of the following are types of Lipids?
- Triacylglycerols (correct)
- Phospholipids (correct)
- Fatty acids (correct)
- Steroids (correct)
- Carbohydrates
- Waxes (correct)
What type of bond is present between the carbon atoms in a saturated fatty acid?
What type of bond is present between the carbon atoms in a saturated fatty acid?
- Double bond
- Single bond (correct)
- Triple bond
What type of bond is present between the carbon atoms in a monounsaturated fatty acid?
What type of bond is present between the carbon atoms in a monounsaturated fatty acid?
- Single bond
- Triple bond
- Double bond (correct)
What is the major factor that affects the melting point of lipids?
What is the major factor that affects the melting point of lipids?
Fats are typically solids at room temperature and are usually found in plant sources.
Fats are typically solids at room temperature and are usually found in plant sources.
Oils are typically liquids at room temperature and are usually found in animal sources.
Oils are typically liquids at room temperature and are usually found in animal sources.
What type of molecule is made up of a long carbon chain carboxylic acid salt?
What type of molecule is made up of a long carbon chain carboxylic acid salt?
What is the cleansing action of soap based on?
What is the cleansing action of soap based on?
What is the structure of a phospholipid similar to?
What is the structure of a phospholipid similar to?
What is the difference between a phospholipid and a soap molecule?
What is the difference between a phospholipid and a soap molecule?
What is the function of the phospholipid bilayer in cell membranes?
What is the function of the phospholipid bilayer in cell membranes?
What type of reaction causes the addition of bromine to a double bond in a lipid?
What type of reaction causes the addition of bromine to a double bond in a lipid?
What type of reaction causes the formation of triglycerides?
What type of reaction causes the formation of triglycerides?
What is the name of the process where some of the double bonds in a lipid are broken and replaced with single bonds?
What is the name of the process where some of the double bonds in a lipid are broken and replaced with single bonds?
What are the products of the hydrolysis reaction of a triglyceride using a strong acid?
What are the products of the hydrolysis reaction of a triglyceride using a strong acid?
What is the function of the protein channels in the cell membrane?
What is the function of the protein channels in the cell membrane?
What happens when a triglyceride reacts with sodium hydroxide (NaOH)?
What happens when a triglyceride reacts with sodium hydroxide (NaOH)?
Saturated fats are healthier for you than unsaturated fats.
Saturated fats are healthier for you than unsaturated fats.
Trans fats are naturally occurring fats found in many foods.
Trans fats are naturally occurring fats found in many foods.
Flashcards
Lipid Types
Lipid Types
Lipids include waxes, triacylglycerols, phospholipids, steroids, and fatty acids.
Saturated Fatty Acid
Saturated Fatty Acid
Fatty acid with only single carbon-carbon bonds.
Monounsaturated Fatty Acid
Monounsaturated Fatty Acid
Fatty acid with one carbon-carbon double bond.
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid
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Lipid Melting Point
Lipid Melting Point
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Fat
Fat
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Oil
Oil
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Soap
Soap
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Soaps Cleansing Action
Soaps Cleansing Action
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Cell Membrane
Cell Membrane
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Phospholipid
Phospholipid
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Addition Reaction (Lipids)
Addition Reaction (Lipids)
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Ester Reaction
Ester Reaction
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Partial Hydrogenation
Partial Hydrogenation
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Triacylglycerol
Triacylglycerol
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Fatty Acid
Fatty Acid
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Study Notes
Lipids
- Lipids are a diverse group of molecules. Examples include waxes, triglycerides, phospholipids, steroids, and fatty acids.
- Saturated fatty acids have only single bonds between carbon atoms.
- Monounsaturated fatty acids have one double bond between carbon atoms.
- Polyunsaturated fatty acids have more than one double bond between carbon atoms.
Factors Affecting Melting Point of Lipids
- Saturated fatty acids have higher melting points than unsaturated fatty acids. This is the primary factor.
- The number of carbon atoms also influences melting point; more carbon atoms lead to a higher melting point, but this is a secondary factor.
- Fats are solids at room temperature (often from animal sources).
- Oils are liquids at room temperature (often from plant sources).
Soaps
- Soaps are salts of long-chain carboxylic acids.
- The structure of soap molecules includes a long nonpolar tail and a polar head.
- This dual nature allows soaps to dissolve grease and dirt via the nonpolar tail interacting with those components, while the polar head interacts with water.
Soaps as Cleansing Agents
- The nonpolar tails of soap molecules interact with grease (nonpolar).
- The polar heads of soap molecules interact with water.
- This dual interaction allows soaps to remove greasy substances from surfaces.
Cell Membranes
- Cell membranes contain phospholipids arranged in a bilayer structure.
- Phospholipid bilayers are similar to soap molecules, but the head group is a phosphate group instead of a carboxylic acid salt.
- The nonpolar tails are attracted to each other, pushed inwards, and away from water.
- The polar heads interact with the aqueous environments (water) inside and outside the cell.
Reactions of Lipids
- Some lipids undergo addition reactions.
- Ester reactions are pertinent in the formation and breakdown of lipids.
- Lipids are often stored in animals as triglycerides.
Partial Hydrogenation
- Some C=C will be transformed into C-C via hydrogenation and a catalyst assisting in this process.
Breakdown of Triacylglycerols
- Strong acids can break down triacylglycerols into glycerol and fatty acids.
- Strong bases can break down triacylglycerols into glycerol and carboxylate salts. This process relies on the type of base present, so the product may be a carboxylic acid or a carboxylate.
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Description
Explore the diverse world of lipids, including their types such as triglycerides and fatty acids, along with factors that affect their melting points. Understand the structure and function of soaps, which are important for cleaning due to their unique molecular composition. This quiz will challenge your knowledge of these essential biological molecules.
