Lipids and Fats Classification

Lipids

• Lipids have a higher energy density compared to carbohydrates and proteins.

Characteristics of Lipids

• Lipids are characterized by being insoluble in water and soluble in organic solvents.

Physical Properties of Fats

• Fats are solid at room temperature (normally below 20°C).

Simple Lipids

• Simple lipids are composed of glycerol and fatty acids.
• Example: Triglycerides (triacylglycerols).

Compound Lipids

• Example: Phospholipids.
• Phospholipids are composed of glycerol, fatty acids, and a phosphate group.

Sterols

• Sterols are composed of a steroid nucleus with one or more hydroxyl groups.
• Example: Cholesterol.

Composition of Fats

• Fats are composed of glycerol and three fatty acids.

Structure of Fatty Acids

• Fatty acids have a hydrocarbon chain with a carboxyl group at one end.

Recommended Fat Intake

• The recommended fat intake for a 2000 Cal diet is 65-70 grams per day.

Consequences of Excessive Fat Intake

• Excessive fat intake leads to obesity, cardiovascular disease, and other health problems.

Energy Yield of Macronutrients

• The energy yield per gram of fat is 9 kcal (38 kJ).
• The energy yield per gram of carbohydrate or protein is 4 kcal (17 kJ).

Function of Fat in the Body

• Fat serves as energy storage, insulation, and hormone regulation.

Types of Fatty Acids

• There are two types of fatty acids: saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.
• Saturated fatty acids are typically found in animal products and some plant-based sources.

Structure of Triglycerides

• Triglycerides consist of glycerol and three fatty acids, forming an ester bond.

Test your knowledge on lipids, fats, and oils with this quiz. Learn about the characteristics, composition, and energy-providing properties of lipids, and understand the classification of different types of lipids.