Lipid Structure and Functions

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Questions and Answers

What is the characteristic of amphipathic molecules?

  • With hydrophilic tails attached to non-polar head groups
  • With hydrophilic tails attached to polar or charged head groups
  • With hydrophobic tails attached to non-polar head groups
  • With hydrophobic tails attached to polar or charged head groups (correct)

What is the structural component of sphingolipids?

  • Serine and fatty acid palmitate
  • Cholesterol and serine
  • Sphingosine and fatty acid palmitate (correct)
  • Sphingosine and cholesterol

What is the function of ubiquinone in the mitochondrial membrane?

  • It is involved in the synthesis of steroid hormones
  • It is involved in the formation of bilayers
  • It functions in conjunction with enzymes in cellular respiration (correct)
  • It is involved in the regulation of calcium absorption

What is the main source of vitamin A?

<p>Plant pigments such as b-carotene (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of vitamin D stimulation in the intestine?

<p>Stimulation of calcium absorption in the intestine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common characteristic of vitamins A, D, E, and K?

<p>They are all isoprenoids that perform a variety of physiological roles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Vitamin E in the body?

<p>Suppressing free radical formation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Vitamin K in the body?

<p>Participating in the enzymatic carboxylation of Glu residues (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of waxes produced by plants?

<p>Preventing water loss (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following lipids is known for its 'hot' taste?

<p>Capsaicin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following lipids is used therapeutically as a pain reliever?

<p>Capsaicin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the common characteristic of Vitamins A, D, E, and K?

<p>They are all isoprenoids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the maintenance of lipid asymmetry in membranes?

<p>Slow rate of diffusion between leaflets (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of amino acids found in a transmembrane helix?

<p>Highly hydrophobic (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the movement of lipids within one leaflet?

<p>Lateral diffusion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of translocases or flippases?

<p>To move lipids between leaflets (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of longer acyl chains in lipids?

<p>Less mobile (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of saturated acyl chains in lipids?

<p>Less mobile (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of bacteriorhodopsin in Halobacteria?

<p>To capture light energy and move protons across the membrane (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the β-barrel structure in membranes?

<p>To allow small molecules to diffuse across the membrane (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of lipid-linked proteins in membranes?

<p>They are anchored in the lipid bilayer by a covalently attached lipid group (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fluid mosaic model of membrane structure?

<p>A model of membrane protein diffusion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of highly polar residues in integral membrane proteins?

<p>To mark the point where the polypeptide leaves the membrane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can limit the mobility of proteins in the membrane?

<p>Their interaction with cytoskeletal proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of protein moves a single substance at a time?

<p>Uniporter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of movement of sodium ions through a symport protein?

<p>Into the cell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Na,K-ATPase pump in the cell?

<p>To establish a concentration gradient of sodium and potassium ions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of movement of glucose through a uniport protein?

<p>Out of the cell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the energy source for the transport of Na+ and K+ ions?

<p>The reaction of converting ATP to ADP + Pi (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of secondary active transport?

<p>Transport of molecules against their concentration gradient (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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