5-L1+

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Which of the following statements about lipids is NOT true?

Lipids are diverse and hydrophobic.

Lipids are more reduced than carbohydrates.

Lipids are primarily composed of nitrogen and phosphorus. (correct)

Lipids contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, but fats contain more hydrogen and less oxygen.

Which of the following is NOT a class of lipids?

Fatty acid derivatives

Vitamins A, D, E, and K

Hydroxy-methyl-glutaric acid derivatives

Amino acid derivatives (correct)

Which of the following is a fatty acid derivative?

Cholesterol esters

Triacylglycerols

Bile acids

All of the above (correct)

What is the primary function of triacylglycerols (TG) in the body?

Fuel storage and insulation Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hormones promotes the storage of triacylglycerols?

Insulin Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT involved in the metabolism of triacylglycerols (TG) in the small intestine?

Amylase Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of phospholipids in the body?

Components of membranes and plasma lipoproteins Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following lipids is derived from hydroxy-methyl-glutaric acid (C6 compound)?

Cholesterol Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of bile acids and bile salts?

Lipid digestion Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following vitamins is classified as a lipid?

Vitamin D Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of glycerol derived from the hydrolysis of dietary triacylglycerols in the liver?

Used in the synthesis of triacylglycerols Signup and view all the answers

Which hormones activate the enzyme hormone-sensitive lipase for hydrolysis of adipose tissue triacylglycerols?

Glucagon and adrenaline Signup and view all the answers

Why do red blood cells lack the ability to oxidize fatty acids?

They lack mitochondria Signup and view all the answers

Which vitamin is part of the Coenzyme A complex required for fatty acid activation?

Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid) Signup and view all the answers

What inhibits the transportation of activated fatty acids into mitochondria for oxidation?

Malonyl-CoA Signup and view all the answers

What clinical problem is caused by a defect in mitochondrial fatty acid transport system according to the text?

Poor exercise tolerance Signup and view all the answers

What is the main product of beta-oxidation of fatty acids that remains after each cycle?

$Acetyl-CoA$ Signup and view all the answers

Where does lipogenesis (synthesis of fatty acids) primarily occur in the cell?

$Cytoplasm$ Signup and view all the answers

'Esterification to triacylglycerols for storage in adipose tissue' is the fate of excessive intake of which macronutrients?

Both carbohydrates and protein Signup and view all the answers

How is the enzyme involved in lipogenesis regulated by insulin?

Activated through dephosphorylation Signup and view all the answers