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Lipid Metabolism: Digestion of Lipids

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of chylomicrons in the body?

To store energy in the form of glycogen

To oxidize fatty acids for energy production

To make fats soluble and deliver TAGs to tissues (correct)

To synthesize biologically active compounds

How are absorbed lipids utilized by tissues?

Only through lipogenesis

Only through fatty acid oxidation

Only through glucose synthesis

Through multiple pathways, including oxidation, gluconeogenesis, and lipogenesis (correct)

What is the main component of the hydrophobic core of chylomicrons?

Triacylglycerol

Protein

Cholesteryl ester (correct)

Phospholipid

What is the primary site of lipid absorption?

Mucosal cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the presence of excess bulky, whitish, and offensive fat in stool?

Steatorrhea Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of apo A and apo B-48 proteins in chylomicrons?

To facilitate lipid transport Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible cause of deficiency of pancreatic lipase?

Chronic pancreatitis Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Orlistate?

Inhibit lipases to decrease fat absorption Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range of total plasma lipids?

400-700 mg/dL Signup and view all the answers

What is the hydrophobic core of lipoproteins composed of?

Triacylglycerols and cholesteryl esters Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of measuring the proportion of HDL and LDL?

To assess cardiovascular disease risk Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of bile salt deficiency?

Decreased lipid digestion Signup and view all the answers

Which lipase is the main digestive enzyme in adults?

Pancreatic lipase Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of pancreatic lipase?

Hydrolyzing triacylglycerol at position 1 and 3 Signup and view all the answers

What are the components of micelles?

2-MAG, long chain FAs, phospholipids, lysophospholipids, cholesterol, fat soluble vitamins, and bile salts Signup and view all the answers

Where do long chain fatty acids get esterified in intestinal epithelial cells?

To reform triacylglycerol Signup and view all the answers

What is the fate of bile salts, glycerol, and short and medium chain fatty acids in the intestinal epithelial cells?

They are transported via the portal blood to the liver Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of intestinal lipase?

Hydrolyzing 1-MAG glycerol + FA intracellularly Signup and view all the answers