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Lipid Disorders: Lipoprotein Metabolism and Cholesterol

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Lipid Disorders: Lipoprotein Metabolism and Cholesterol

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of apolipoproteins in lipoprotein metabolism?

To facilitate the transport of triglycerides and cholesterol (correct)

To promote the aggregation of platelets

To increase the production of thromboxane

To decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease

What is the Omega (ω) numbering system used for?

To identify the family of omega-3 fatty acids (correct)

To calculate the molecular weight of a fatty acid

To classify fatty acids based on their chain length

To determine the number of double bonds in a fatty acid

What is the name of the fatty acid with the formula C16:0?

Palmitate (correct)

Linoleic acid

Arachidonic acid

Linolenic acid

What is the effect of a diet high in omega-3 fatty acids on serum triglycerides?

It decreases serum triglycerides Signup and view all the answers

What is the order of lipoproteins in increasing density?

Chylomicrons < VLDL < IDL < LDL < HDL Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of lipoproteins?

To transport triglycerides and cholesterol in the blood Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the fatty acid with the formula C20:4 (5,8,11,14)?

Arachidonic acid Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of omega-3 fatty acids in platelet membranes?

To decrease the production of thromboxane Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Lipoproteins and Fatty Acids

Fatty acids are long-chain carboxylic acids, with the carboxyl carbon as number 1 and the α carbon as number 2.
Fatty acid nomenclature includes the number of carbons and double bonds (e.g., C16:0 for palmitate).
Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds.

Omega Fatty Acids

The omega (ω) numbering system is used to designate fatty acids (e.g., linoleic C18:2 (9,12) or 18Δ9,12 ω-6 family).
Omega-3 fatty acids are correlated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease.
Omega-3 fatty acids can replace arachidonic acid in platelet membranes, reducing thromboxane production and platelet aggregation.

Lipoprotein Metabolism

Lipoproteins transport triglycerides and cholesterol in the blood.
Lipoproteins are named according to their density, increasing with protein percentage:
- Chylomicrons (least dense)
- VLDL (very low-density lipoproteins)
- IDL (intermediate-density lipoproteins)
- LDL (low-density lipoproteins)
- HDL (high-density lipoproteins)

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Description

This quiz covers the characteristics of major lipoproteins, apolipoproteins and their functions, and fatty acid nomenclature. It also tests knowledge on lipoprotein metabolism, hyperlipidemias, and cholesterol metabolism.