8 Questions
What is the function of apolipoproteins in lipoprotein metabolism?
To facilitate the transport of triglycerides and cholesterol
What is the Omega (ω) numbering system used for?
To identify the family of omega-3 fatty acids
What is the name of the fatty acid with the formula C16:0?
Palmitate
What is the effect of a diet high in omega-3 fatty acids on serum triglycerides?
It decreases serum triglycerides
What is the order of lipoproteins in increasing density?
Chylomicrons < VLDL < IDL < LDL < HDL
What is the main function of lipoproteins?
To transport triglycerides and cholesterol in the blood
What is the name of the fatty acid with the formula C20:4 (5,8,11,14)?
Arachidonic acid
What is the purpose of omega-3 fatty acids in platelet membranes?
To decrease the production of thromboxane
Study Notes
Lipoproteins and Fatty Acids
- Fatty acids are long-chain carboxylic acids, with the carboxyl carbon as number 1 and the α carbon as number 2.
- Fatty acid nomenclature includes the number of carbons and double bonds (e.g., C16:0 for palmitate).
- Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds.
Omega Fatty Acids
- The omega (ω) numbering system is used to designate fatty acids (e.g., linoleic C18:2 (9,12) or 18Δ9,12 ω-6 family).
- Omega-3 fatty acids are correlated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease.
- Omega-3 fatty acids can replace arachidonic acid in platelet membranes, reducing thromboxane production and platelet aggregation.
Lipoprotein Metabolism
- Lipoproteins transport triglycerides and cholesterol in the blood.
- Lipoproteins are named according to their density, increasing with protein percentage:
- Chylomicrons (least dense)
- VLDL (very low-density lipoproteins)
- IDL (intermediate-density lipoproteins)
- LDL (low-density lipoproteins)
- HDL (high-density lipoproteins)
This quiz covers the characteristics of major lipoproteins, apolipoproteins and their functions, and fatty acid nomenclature. It also tests knowledge on lipoprotein metabolism, hyperlipidemias, and cholesterol metabolism.
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