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Questions and Answers
What is the function of apolipoproteins in lipoprotein metabolism?
What is the function of apolipoproteins in lipoprotein metabolism?
- To facilitate the transport of triglycerides and cholesterol (correct)
- To promote the aggregation of platelets
- To increase the production of thromboxane
- To decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease
What is the Omega (ω) numbering system used for?
What is the Omega (ω) numbering system used for?
- To identify the family of omega-3 fatty acids (correct)
- To calculate the molecular weight of a fatty acid
- To classify fatty acids based on their chain length
- To determine the number of double bonds in a fatty acid
What is the name of the fatty acid with the formula C16:0?
What is the name of the fatty acid with the formula C16:0?
- Palmitate (correct)
- Linoleic acid
- Arachidonic acid
- Linolenic acid
What is the effect of a diet high in omega-3 fatty acids on serum triglycerides?
What is the effect of a diet high in omega-3 fatty acids on serum triglycerides?
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What is the order of lipoproteins in increasing density?
What is the order of lipoproteins in increasing density?
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What is the main function of lipoproteins?
What is the main function of lipoproteins?
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What is the name of the fatty acid with the formula C20:4 (5,8,11,14)?
What is the name of the fatty acid with the formula C20:4 (5,8,11,14)?
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What is the purpose of omega-3 fatty acids in platelet membranes?
What is the purpose of omega-3 fatty acids in platelet membranes?
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Study Notes
Lipoproteins and Fatty Acids
- Fatty acids are long-chain carboxylic acids, with the carboxyl carbon as number 1 and the α carbon as number 2.
- Fatty acid nomenclature includes the number of carbons and double bonds (e.g., C16:0 for palmitate).
- Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds.
Omega Fatty Acids
- The omega (ω) numbering system is used to designate fatty acids (e.g., linoleic C18:2 (9,12) or 18Δ9,12 ω-6 family).
- Omega-3 fatty acids are correlated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease.
- Omega-3 fatty acids can replace arachidonic acid in platelet membranes, reducing thromboxane production and platelet aggregation.
Lipoprotein Metabolism
- Lipoproteins transport triglycerides and cholesterol in the blood.
- Lipoproteins are named according to their density, increasing with protein percentage:
- Chylomicrons (least dense)
- VLDL (very low-density lipoproteins)
- IDL (intermediate-density lipoproteins)
- LDL (low-density lipoproteins)
- HDL (high-density lipoproteins)
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