Linux System Administration Overview

The /etc/passwd file stores information about local users in a system, including their usernames, user IDs, group IDs, home directories, and default login shells.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The <code>ls -l</code> command displays a long listing of files and directories in the current directory, showing information about their permissions, ownership, size, modification time, and file types. It also shows hidden files.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The <code>pwd</code> command displays the current working directory's full path.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A <strong>symbolic link</strong> is a special type of file that points to another file or directory. A <strong>hard link</strong> creates a duplicate file name that points to the same data as the original file. Hard links cannot point to directories, but symbolic links can.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p><code>sudo</code> runs commands as root without fully switching to the root user account (A), Both are alternatives to become root user (B), Both grant temporary root access (C), <code>su</code> switches the user to the root user account (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shell variables store values and modify the shell's behavior, simplifying commands and setting common options for programs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The <code>useradd</code> command creates new user accounts, while the <code>usermod</code> command modifies existing user accounts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The <code>groupadd</code> command creates new groups, while the <code>groupmod</code> command modifies existing groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Password aging helps to improve security by forcing users to change their passwords regularly, reducing the risk of compromised accounts and unauthorized access. Typically, password aging policies define minimum and maximum password ages, warning periods before expiration, and inactivity periods for locking accounts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The <code>usermod -L</code> command locks a user account, preventing the user from logging in.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The three main categories of user accounts are: <strong>superuser (root)</strong>, <strong>system users</strong>, and <strong>regular users</strong>.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The <code>/etc/sudoers</code> file is the central configuration file for managing and configuring the <code>sudo</code> command in Linux. It defines which users are allowed to execute specific commands as root and what commands they can run.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The <code>PATH</code> environment variable is a list of directories where the shell searches for executable programs when you run a command.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A free and open-source operating system known for its flexibility, security, and collaborative development. It powers a wide range of devices and systems.

A distribution of Linux is a complete operating system that includes the Linux kernel, user programs, libraries, and management tools. It's packaged and ready to install.

Code with publicly accessible source code, allowing for study, modification, and sharing. It promotes collaboration, transparency, and cost-effectiveness.

It allows you to use the code in any way, including making it part of proprietary software. It doesn't require you to share changes or keep it open.

Derivative works (code with changes) must be open-source as well. This emphasizes sharing and community collaboration.

Red Hat is a leading provider of open-source solutions including Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL), JBoss middleware, and cloud technologies. They support open-source communities and help customers use their software.

A community-driven Linux distribution famous for its rapid innovation and cutting-edge features.

A commercially supported Linux distribution that's a leading platform for open-source computing. It's known for its stability and long-term support.

CentOS Stream is a community project that serves as a bridge between Fedora and Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL). It's a more stable alternative to Fedora and allows users to contribute to RHEL's development.

RHEL for Edge is an image-based variant of RHEL optimized for managing edge computing environments. It's designed for efficiency, customization, and quick security fixes.

A container host built from RHEL components and managed as part of Red Hat's OpenShift Container Platform (RHOCP). It's not a standalone operating system.

A freely redistributable derivative of RHEL that serves as a foundation for developing cloud-native and web applications within containers.

A text-based interface for interacting with a computer system using commands.

A program that interprets and executes commands in a text-based environment.

The prompt indicates that the shell is ready to receive commands.

A program that provides a display for output and a keyboard for input, allowing interaction with the shell.

Commands entered at the shell prompt typically have three parts: a command, options, and arguments.

A physical keyboard and display directly connected to the computer.

Multiple independent login sessions accessed using Ctrl+Alt+Function keys.

A graphical environment with icons, windows, and menus that makes it easier to use the shell.

A secure encrypted connection for remote access to a computer. It allows you to manage a computer from a different location.

Provides passwordless login using private (local) and public (remote) keys, reducing the risk of attacks based on stolen or guessed passwords.

A file system is a hierarchical tree structure used by Linux to organize files and directories.

The root directory, denoted by /, is the top of the file system hierarchy.

A path specifies the location of a file or directory within the file system, using / as the directory separator.

Specifies the complete location of a file, starting from the root directory (/).

Specifies the location of a file relative to the current working directory. It doesn't start with /.

It creates an empty file or updates its timestamp.

It lists the contents of a directory. Options like -l, -a, and -R provide different views.

It changes the current working directory.

It protects file contents from unauthorized viewing by controlling access.

It creates one or more directories or subdirectories.

It copies files from one location to another or renames them without changing content.

It moves files to a new location or renames them without changing their content.

Removes files from the system.

It creates another file name (hard link) that points to the same data as an existing file. Hard links share the same inode, which includes permissions, ownership, and content.

It creates a symbolic link (soft link) that points to an existing file or directory. Unlike hard links, they can point to files on different file systems and can point to directories.

It allows you to match file and directory names using patterns containing metacharacters.

It expands ~ to the current user's home directory.

It generates multiple strings based on a defined pattern inside braces {}.

It replaces variables with their stored values.

It replaces a command with its output.

It prevents unintended expansion of special characters.

A built-in form of documentation for Linux commands, files, and concepts.

It provides a powerful text editor commonly found on Linux and Unix-like systems, often used for editing configuration files.